All Matches

Solution Library

Expert Answer

Textbooks

Search Textbook questions, tutors and Books

Oops, something went wrong!

Change your search query and then try again

Result Not Found

Books FREE
Tutors
Study Help
Ask a Question

Search
Sign In
Register

study help
medical sciences
biology

Questions and Answers of Biology

Victims of third-degree burns demonstrate the loss of vital functions performed by the skin. What are the two most important problems encountered clinically with such patients? Explain each in terms
Tanya, a 30-year-old resident of a mental hospital, has an abnormal growth of hair on the dorsum of her right index finger. The orderly comments that she gnaws on that finger continuously. What do
A model is concerned about a new scar on her abdomen. She tells her surgeon that there is practically no scar from the appendix operation done when she was 16, but this new gallbladder scar is
Osteomalacia, a condition of soft bones, is prevalent in Muslim countries that decree that their women wear the burka, a garment that covers all but their eyes. What is the cause and effect here?
Mrs. Gaucher received second-degree burns on her abdomen when she dropped a kettle of boiling water. She asked her doctor (worriedly) if she would need a skin graft. What do you think he told her?
Compare bone to cartilage tissue relative to its resilience, speed of regeneration, and access to nutrients.
Describe in proper sequence the events of endochondral ossification.
Osteocytes residing in lacunae of osteons of healthy compact bone are located quite a distance from the blood vessels in the central canals, yet they are well nourished. How can this be explained?
As we grow, our long bones increase in diameter, but the thickness of the compact bone of the shaft remains relatively constant. Explain this phenomenon.
Describe the process of new bone formation in an adult bone. Use the terms osteoid seam and calcification front in your discussion.
Compare and contrast controls of bone remodeling exerted by hormones and by mechanical and gravitational forces, including the actual purpose of each control system and changes in bone architecture
(a) During what period of life does skeletal mass increase dramatically? Begin to decline? (b) Why are fractures most common in elderly individuals? (c) Why are greenstick fractures most common in
Yolanda is asked to review a bone slide that her professor has set up under the microscope. She sees concentric layers surrounding a central cavity. Is this bone section taken from the diaphysis or
Following a motorcycle accident, a 22-year-old man was rushed to the emergency room. X rays revealed a spiral fracture of his right tibia (main bone of the leg). Two months later, X rays revealed
Mrs. Abbruzzo brought her 4-year-old daughter to the doctor, complaining that she didn't "look right." The child's forehead was enlarged, her rib cage was knobby, and her lower limbs were bent and
You overhear some anatomy students imagining out loud what their bones would look like if they had compact bone on the inside and spongy bone on the outside, instead of the other way around. You tell
What would a long bone look like at the end of adolescence if bone remodeling did not occur?
Why do you think wheelchair-bound people with paralyzed lower limbs have thin, weak bones of the leg and thigh?
Noah Beckenstein went to weight-lifting camp in the summer between seventh and eighth grade. He noticed that the camp trainer put tremendous pressure on him and his friends to improve their strength.
Old Norse stories tell of a famous Viking named Egil, who lived around 900 ad. His skull was greatly enlarged and misshapen, and the cranial bones were thickened (6 cm, more than 2 inches, thick).
Name the cranial and facial bones and compare and contrast the functions of the cranial and facial skeletons.
Briefly describe the anatomical characteristics and impairment of function seen in cleft palate and hip dysplasia.
Compare a young adult skeleton to that of an extremely aged person relative to bone mass in general and the bony structure of the skull, thorax, and vertebral column in particular.
Peter Howell, a teaching assistant in the anatomy class, picked up a hip bone and pretended it was a telephone. He held the big hole in this bone right up to his ear and said, "Hello, obturator,
How do the relative proportions of the cranium and face of a fetus compare with those of an adult skull?
Name and diagram the normal vertebral curvatures. Which are primary and which are secondary curvatures?
List at least two specific anatomical characteristics each for typical cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae that would allow anyone to identify each type correctly.
What is the function of the intervertebral discs?
Distinguish between the anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus regions of a disc. Which provides durability and strength? Which provides resilience? Which part is involved in a "slipped" disc?
What is a true rib? A false rib?
The major function of the shoulder girdle is flexibility. What is the major function of the pelvic girdle? Relate these functional differences to anatomical differences seen in these girdles.
List three important differences between the male and female pelves.
Justiniano worked in a poultry-packing plant where his job was cutting open chickens and stripping out their visceral organs. After work, he typed for long hours on his computer keyboard, writing a
Mr. Wright had polio as a boy and was partially paralyzed in one lower limb for over a year. Although no longer paralyzed, he now has a severe lateral curvature of the lumbar spine. Explain what has
Mary's grandmother slipped on a scatter rug and fell heavily to the floor. Her left lower limb was laterally rotated and noticeably shorter than the right, and when she attempted to get up, she
Mrs. Shea came up with what she considered to be a clever idea to bypass the long lines at Disney World. She had her husband rent a wheelchair and he wheeled her around from one exhibit to another
Define joint.
Why are sprains and cartilage injuries a particular problem?
List the functions of the following elements of a synovial joint: fibrous layer of the capsule, synovial fluid, articular cartilage.
Discuss the relative value (to body homeostasis) of immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable joints.
Compare the structure, function, and common body locations of bursae and tendon sheaths.
Joint movements may be nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial. Define what each of these terms means.
Compare and contrast the paired movements of flexion and extension with adduction and abduction.
How does rotation differ from circumduction?
Name two types of uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial joints.
What is the specific role of the menisci of the knee? Of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments?
The knee has been called "a beauty and a beast." Provide several reasons that might explain the negative (beast) part of this description.
Sonya worked cleaning homes for 30 years so she could send her two children to college. Several times, she had been forced to call her employers to tell them she could not come in to work because one
As Jose was running down the road, he tripped and his left ankle twisted violently to the side. When he picked himself up, he was unable to put any weight on that ankle. The diagnosis was severe
Mrs. Bell, a 45-year-old woman, appeared at her physician's office complaining of unbearable pain in the interphalangeal joint of her right great toe. The joint was red and swollen. When asked about
Grace heard on the evening TV news that the deer population in her state had been increasing rapidly in the past few years and it was common knowledge that deer walked the streets at night. After the
Tony Bowers, an exhausted biology student, was attending a lecture. After 30 minutes or so, he lost interest and began to doze. As the lecture ended, the hubbub aroused him and he let go with a
Name and describe the four special functional abilities of muscle that are the basis for muscle response.
Describe some cause(s) of muscle fatigue and define this term clearly.
Define EPOC.
Smooth muscle has some unique properties, such as low energy usage, and the ability to maintain contraction over long periods. Tie these properties to the function of smooth muscle in the body.
Distinguish between (a) Direct and indirect muscle attachments (b) A tendon and an aponeurosis.
(a) Describe the structure of a sarcomere and indicate the relationship of the sarcomere to myofilaments.(b) Explain the sliding filament model of contraction using appropriately labeled diagrams of
What is the importance of acetylcholinesterase in muscle cell contraction?
Explain how a slight (but smooth) contraction differs from a vigorous contraction of the same muscle. Use the concepts of multiple motor unit summation.
Explain what is meant by the term excitation-contraction coupling.
Define and draw a motor unit.
Describe the three distinct types of skeletal muscle fibers.
True or false: Most muscles contain a predominance of one skeletal muscle fiber type. Explain the reasoning behind your choice.
Jim Fitch decided that his physique left much to be desired, so he joined a local health club and began to "pump iron" three times weekly. After three months of training, during which he lifted
When a suicide victim was found, the coroner was unable to remove the drug vial clutched in his hand. Explain the reasons for this. If the victim had been discovered three days later, would the
Muscle-relaxing drugs are administered to a patient during major surgery. Which of the two chemicals described next would be a good skeletal muscle relaxant and why? ● Chemical A binds to and
Michael is answering a series of questions dealing with skeletal muscle cell excitation and contraction. In response to "What protein changes shape when Ca2+ binds to it?" he writes "tropomyosin."
Name four criteria used in naming muscles, and provide an example (other than those used in the text) that illustrates each criterion.
Name three thigh muscles that help you keep your seat astride a horse.
(a) Name three muscles or muscle groups used as sites for intramuscular injections. (b) Which of these is used most often in infants, and why?
Name two muscles in each of the following compartments or regions: (a) Thenar eminence (ball of thumb), (b) Posterior compartment of forearm, (c) Anterior compartment of forearm- deep muscle
Differentiate between the arrangement of elements (load, fulcrum, and effort) in first-, second-, and third-class levers.
What does it mean when we say that a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, and what benefits does such a lever system provide?
Which muscles act to propel food down the length of the pharynx to the esophagus?
Name and describe the action of muscles used to shake your head no; to nod yes.
(a) Name the four muscle pairs that act in unison to compress the abdominal contents. (b) How does their arrangement (fiber direction) contribute to the strength of the abdominal wall? (c) Which of
List all six possible movements that can occur at the shoulder joint and name the prime mover(s) of each movement. Then name their antagonists.
(a) Name two forearm muscles that are powerful extensors and abductors of the wrist. (b) Name the sole forearm muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints.
Name the muscles usually grouped together as the lateral rotators of the hip.
Assume you have a 10-lb weight in your right hand. Explain why it is easier to flex the right elbow when your forearm is supinated than when it is pronated.
When Mrs. O'Brien returned to her doctor for a follow-up visit after childbirth, she complained that she was having problems controlling her urine flow (incontinent) when she sneezed. The physician
Mr. Ahmadi, an out-of-shape 45-year-old man, was advised by his physician to lose weight and to exercise on a regular basis. He followed his diet faithfully and began to jog daily. One day, while on
As Dillon watched Kendra walk down the runway at the fashion show, he contracted his right orbicularis oculi muscle, raised his arm, and contracted his opponens pollicis. Was he pleased or displeased
What type of lever system do the following activities describe? (a) The soleus muscle plantar flexes the foot. (b) The deltoid abducts the arm. (c) The triceps brachii is strained while doing pushups.
Explain both the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system. Include the subdivisions of each.
The effects of neurotransmitter binding are very brief. Explain.
During a neurobiology lecture, a professor repeatedly refers to group A and group B fibers, absolute refractory period, and myelin sheath gaps. Define these terms.
Distinguish between serial and parallel processing.
Briefly describe the three stages of neuron development.
What factors appear to guide the outgrowth of an axon and its ability to make the "correct" synaptic contacts?
(a) Describe the composition and function of the cell body. (b) How are axons and dendrites alike? In what ways (structurally and functionally) do they differ?
(a) What is myelin? (b) How does the myelination process differ in the CNS and PNS?
(a) Contrast unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons structurally. (b) Indicate where each is most likely to be found.
What is the polarized membrane state? How is it maintained?
Describe the events that must occur to generate an AP. Relate the sequence of changes in permeability to changes in the ion channels, and explain why the AP is an all-or-none phenomenon.
Since all APs generated by a given nerve fiber have the same magnitude, how does the CNS "know" whether a stimulus is strong or weak?
(a) Explain the difference between an EPSP and an IPSP. (b) What specifically determines whether an EPSP or IPSP will be generated at the postsynaptic membrane?
Since at any moment a neuron is likely to have thousands of neurons releasing neurotransmitters at its surface, how is neuronal activity (to fire or not to fire) determined?
Mr. Miller is hospitalized for cardiac problems. Somehow, medical orders are mixed up and Mr. Miller is infused with a K+-enhanced intravenous solution meant for another patient who is taking

Showing 4200 - 4300 of 4620

First
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

Get In Touch

About Us
Contact Us
Career
Jobs
FAQ
Campus Ambassador

Company Info

Security
Copyrights
Privacy Policy
Terms & Condition
SolutionInn Fee
Scholarship

Services

Sitemap
Fun
Definitions
Become Tutor
Study Help Categories
Recent Questions
Expert Questions

Copyright © 2024 SolutionInn All Rights Reserved.

Get the SolutionInn - Study Help App