What is attention, and how does it help us select, modulate, and sustain focus on relevant information? The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information The capacity to perform multiple tasks simultaneously Cognitive mechanisms that combine to help us select, modulate, and sustain focus on information that might be most relevant for behavior The ability to remember past experiences and use them in decision-making

Cognitive mechanisms that combine to help us select, modulate, and sustain focus on information that might be most relevant for behavior

How does the Broadbent Filter Model describe the role of attention in processing information? It describes attention as a spotlight that focuses on specific stimuli while ignoring others. It posits that our brain uses a filter to manage the influx of information, selecting based on physical characteristics early in processing. It suggests that attention is a limited resource that can be divided among multiple tasks. It proposes that attention acts as a mental spotlight, enhancing perception in specific areas.

It posits that our brain uses a filter to manage the influx of information, selecting based on physical characteristics early in processing.

What are the four types of attention? Selective, divided, sustained, alternating Focused, distributed, peripheral, central Visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory Conscious, unconscious, reflexive, voluntary

Selective, divided, sustained, alternating

What is selective attention, and how does it function in noisy environments? The ability to switch focus between different tasks that require different cognitive demands The capacity to maintain focus on a specific task over an extended period The ability to process multiple sources of information simultaneously Focusing on one specific piece of information while blocking out other stimuli, such as focusing on a conversation at a loud party

Focusing on one specific piece of information while blocking out other stimuli, such as focusing on a conversation at a loud party

What are the components of selective attention? Spatial attention and temporal attention Sustained attention and divided attention Voluntary attention and reflexive attention Overt attention and covert attention

Voluntary attention and reflexive attention

What is divided attention, and how does it affect task performance? The process of filtering out irrelevant stimuli to focus on important information The ability to maintain focus on a specific task over an extended period without distraction The ability to process multiple sources of information or perform more than one task simultaneously, which can reduce efficiency and accuracy The capacity to switch focus between different tasks that require different cognitive demands

The ability to process multiple sources of information or perform more than one task simultaneously, which can reduce efficiency and accuracy

What is alternating attention, and how does it differ from divided attention? The process of filtering out irrelevant stimuli to focus on important information The capacity to maintain focus on a specific task over an extended period without distraction The ability to process multiple sources of information or perform more than one task simultaneously The ability to switch focus back and forth between different tasks that require different cognitive demands, unlike divided attention which involves handling multiple tasks simultaneously

The ability to switch focus back and forth between different tasks that require different cognitive demands, unlike divided attention which involves handling multiple tasks simultaneously

What is sustained attention, and why is it important for certain tasks? The ability to maintain focus on a specific task or stimulus over an extended period without becoming distracted, crucial for tasks requiring constant monitoring The ability to process multiple sources of information or perform more than one task simultaneously The ability to switch focus between different tasks that require different cognitive demands The process of filtering out irrelevant stimuli to focus on important information

The ability to maintain focus on a specific task or stimulus over an extended period without becoming distracted, crucial for tasks requiring constant monitoring

What is the difference between overt and covert attention? Overt attention is the ability to maintain focus on a specific task over an extended period, while covert attention is the ability to switch focus between tasks. Overt attention is voluntary, while covert attention is reflexive. Overt attention is the process of filtering out irrelevant stimuli, while covert attention is the ability to process multiple sources of information simultaneously. Overt attention involves focusing your eyes and body towards a stimulus, while covert attention involves directing attention without moving your eyes.

Overt attention involves focusing your eyes and body towards a stimulus, while covert attention involves directing attention without moving your eyes.

What is spatial attention, and how does it function like a mental spotlight? Spatial attention is the ability to switch focus between different tasks that require different cognitive demands. Spatial attention is the ability to maintain focus on a specific task over an extended period. Spatial attention is the process of filtering out irrelevant stimuli to focus on important information. Spatial attention helps us focus on a particular location in our environment, enhancing perception and processing information in that area.

Spatial attention helps us focus on a particular location in our environment, enhancing perception and processing information in that area.

What metaphor does Dr. Steinberg use to describe the relationship between the accelerator and the brake system in cognitive development? Brake system before a good accelerator is in place Neither accelerator nor brake system is developed Accelerator before a good brake system is in place Both accelerator and brake system are equally developed

Accelerator before a good brake system is in place

Why do adolescents tend to take more risks when they are around their peers or believe their peers are present? They are influenced by peer pressure They are less aware of the risks involved They want to impress their peers They feel more confident and supported

They want to impress their peers

How does the presence of peers affect alcohol consumption in adolescent mice compared to adult mice? Adolescent mice drink less when alone Adult mice drink more when around friends Adult mice drink more when alone Adolescent mice drink more when around friends

Adolescent mice drink more when around friends

At what age do most children master large motor skills, and what activities can they perform by ages 6-10? By 6-7 years, they can only walk and run By 4-5 years, they can only crawl and walk By 4-5 years, they can jump, climb, pedal, and balance a bike By 8-10 years, they develop balance, coordination, and strength for sports

By 4-5 years, they can jump, climb, pedal, and balance a bike

What fine motor skills do children develop by ages 6-7, and how are these skills linked to cognitive development? They can only draw simple shapes They can tie shoelaces, hold pencils, and brush teeth They can perform complex mathematical calculations They can only write their names

They can tie shoelaces, hold pencils, and brush teeth

Which of the following is NOT one of the 9 things educators should know about the brain? Sleep is crucial for memory consolidation. Repetition strengthens neural connections. The brain's development stops in adolescence. Emotions greatly impact learning and memory.

The brain's development stops in adolescence.

Which principle of IDEA ensures that students with disabilities are educated with non-disabled peers to the greatest extent possible? Individualized Education Program (IEP) Procedural Safeguards Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

Why are learning targets important in education? They are only used for standardized testing. They clarify objectives and guide instruction. They are optional in most educational settings. They replace the need for assessments.

They clarify objectives and guide instruction.

Which one of the following students is displaying extrinsic motivation, where the motivation is driven by external rewards or recognition? Brad wants to be a veterinarian because he loves animals and wants to help them. Elbert wants to become a professional football player so others will admire him. Roxanne wants to be an accountant because she likes working with numbers. Donnetta wants to become an actress because she thinks acting is fun.

Elbert wants to become a professional football player so others will admire him.

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