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mathematics
statistics

Elementary Statistics 12th Edition Mario F. Triola - Solutions

Listed below are amounts (in millions of dollars) collected from parking meters by Brinks and others in New York City during similar time periods. A larger data set was used to convict five Brinks employees of grand larceny. The data were provided by the attorney for New York City, and they are
Listed below are contributions (in dollars) made to the two presidential candidates in the most recent election. All contributions are from the same Zip code as the author, and the data are from the Huffington Post.
Waiting times (in minutes) of customers at the Jefferson Valley Bank (where all customers enter a single waiting line) and the Bank of Providence (where customers wait in individual lines at three different teller windows) are listed below.
Use the magnitudes (Richter scale) of the earthquakes listed in Data Set 16 in Appendix B.
Refer to Data Set 15 in Appendix B and use the times required to taxi out for takeoff.
Refer to Data Set 12 in Appendix B and use the numbers of years that U.S. presidents have lived after their first inauguration.
Refer to Data Set 6 in Appendix B and use the listed IQ scores.
Exercise 25Earthquakes Use the magnitudes (Richter scale) of the earthquakes listed in Data Set 16 in Appendix B.
Exercise 26Flight Data Refer to Data Set 15 in Appendix B and use the times required to taxi out for takeoff.
Exercise 27Presidential Longevity Refer to Data Set 12 in Appendix B and use the numbers of years that U.S. presidents have lived after their first inauguration.
Exercise 28IQ Scores Refer to Data Set 6 in Appendix B and use the listed IQ scores.
Based on Data Set1 in Appendix B, female havepulse rates with a mean of 77.5 beats per minute and a standard deviation of 11.6 beats per minute. Is it unusual for a female to have a pulse rate of 99 beats per minute? (All of these pulse rates are measured at rest.) Explain.
Based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B, males have pulse rates with a mean of 67.3 beats per minute and a standard deviation of 10.3 beats per minute. Is it unusual for a male to have a pulse rate of 45 beats per minute? (All of these pulse rates are measured at rest.) Explain.
Based on Data Set 19 in Appendix B, cans of regular Coke have vol¬umes with a mean of 12.19 oz and a standard deviation of 0.11 oz. Is it unusual for a can to contain 11.9 oz of Coke? Explain.
Based on Data Set 19 in Appendix B, cans of regular Pepsi have weights with a mean of 0.82410 lb and a standard deviation of 0.00570 lb. Is it unusual for a can to contain 0.8133 lb of Pepsi? Explain.
Find the standard deviation of sample data summarized in a frequency distribution table by using the formula below, where x represents the class midpoint, f represents the class frequency, and n represents the total number of sample values. Also, compare the computed standard deviations to these
Find the standard deviation of sample data summarized in a frequency distribution table by using the formula below, where x represents the class midpoint, f represents the class frequency, and n represents the total number of sample values. Also, compare the computed standard deviations to these
Find the standard deviation of sample data summarized in a frequency distribution table by using the formula below, where x represents the class midpoint, f represents the class frequency, and n represents the total number of sample values. Also, compare the computed standard deviations to these
Based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B, blood platelet counts of women have a bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 280 and a standard deviation of 65. (All units are 1000 cells//xL.) Using Chebyshev’s theorem, what do we know about the percentage of women with platelet counts that are within 2
Based on Data Set 3 in Appendix B, body temperatures of healthy adults have a bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 98.20°F and a standard devia¬tion of 0.62°F. Using Chebyshev’s theorem, what do we know about the percentage of healthy adults with body temperatures that are within 3 standard
Let a population consist of the values 2 min, 3 min, 8 min. (These are departure delay times taken from American Airlines flights from New York’s JFK airport to Los Angeles. See Data Set 15 in Appendix B.) Assume that samples of two values are randomly selected with replacement from this
Use the same population of {2 min, 3 min, 8 min} from Exercise 45. Show that when samples of size 2 are randomly selected with replacement, the samples have mean absolute deviations that do not center about the value of the mean absolute deviation of the population. What does this indicate about a
If your score on your next statistics test is converted to a z score, which of these z scores would you prefer: —2.00, —1.00, 0, 1.00, 2.00? Why?
Shown below is a STATDISK-generated boxplot of the amounts of money (in millions of dollars) that movies grossed (based on data from the Motion Picture Association of America). What do the displayed values of 5, 47, 104, 121, and 380 tell us?
As of this writing, Barack Obama is President of the United States and he has a net worth of $3,670,505. The 17 members of the Executive Branch have a mean net worth of $4,939,455 with a standard deviation of $7,775,948 (based on data from opensecrets.org).a.What is the difference between President
Data Set 16 in Appendix B lists 50 magnitudes (Richter scale) of 50 earth¬quakes, and those earthquakes have magnitudes with a mean of 1.184 with a standard devia¬tion of 0.587. The strongest of those earthquakes had a magnitude of 2.95.a.What is the difference between the magnitude of the
When Steve Jobs was Chicf Executive Officer (CEO) of Apple, he earned an annual salary of $1. The CEOs of the 50 largest U. S. companies had a mean salary of $1,449,779 and a standard deviation of $527,651 (based on data from USA Today).a.What is the difference between Jobs’ salary and the mean
A male student of the author has a measured pulse rate of 52 beats per minute. Based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B, males have a mean pulse rate of 67.3 beats per minute and a standard deviation of 10.3 beats per minute.a.What is the difference between the student’s pulse rate and the mean pulse
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale measures IQ scores with a test designed so that the mean is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. Consider the group of IQ scores that are unusual. What are the z scores that separate the unusual IQ scores from those that are usual? What are the IQ scores that
In the process of designing aircraft seats, it was found that men have hip breadths with a mean of 36.6 cm and a standard deviation of 2.5 in. (based on anthropometric survey data from Gordon, Clauser, et al.). Consider the values of hip breadths of men that are unusual. What are the 2 scores that
The Southern California Earthquake Data Center recorded magnitudes (Richter scale) of 10,594 earthquakes in a recent year. The mean is 1.240 and the standard deviation is 0.578. Consider the magnitudes that are unusual. What are the magnitudes that separate the unusual earthquakes from those that
As of this writing, the tallest living man is Sultan Kosen, who has a height of 247 cm. The tallest living woman is De-Fen Yao, who is 236 cm tall. Heights of men have a mean of 175 cm and a standard deviation of 7 cm. Heights of women have a mean of 162 cm and a standard deviation of 6 cm.
Sandra Bullock was the last woman to win an Oscar for Best Actress and Jeff Bridges was the last man to win for Best Actor. At the time of the awards ceremony, Sandra Bullock was 45 years of age and Jeff Bridges was 60 years of age. Based on Data Set 11 in Appendix B, the Best Actresses have a mean
Scores on the SAT test have a mean of 1518 and a standard deviation of 325. Scores on the ACT test have a mean of 21.1 and a standard deviation of 4.8. Which is relatively better: a score of 1490 on the SAT test or a score of 17.0 on the ACT test? Why?
Based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B, males have red blood cell counts with a mean of 5.072 and a standard deviation of 0.395, while females have red blood cell counts with a mean of 4.577 and a standard deviation of 0.382. Who has the higher count relative to the sample from which it came: A male
When finding percentiles using Figure 3-5, if the locator L is not a whole number, we round it up to the next larger whole number. An alternative to this procedure is to interpolate. For example, using interpolation with a locator of L = 23.75 leads to a value that is 0.75 (or 3/4) of the way
When designing an eye-recognition security device, engineers must consider the eye heights of standing women. (It’s easy for men to bend lower, but it’s more difficult for women to rise higher.) Listed below are the eye heights (in millimeters) obtained from a simple random sample of standing
Using the sample data given below find the z score corresponding to the eye height of 1642 mm. Is that eye height unusual? Why or why not?1550 1642 1538 1497 1571
Using the same standing heights listed in Exercise 1, construct a box plot and include the values of the 5-number summary. Does the box plot indicate that the data are from a population with a normal (bell-shaped) distribution? Explain.1550 1642 1538 1497 1571
The body mass indices (BMI) of a sample of males have a mean of 26.601 and a standard deviation of 5.359. The body mass indices of a sample of females have a mean of 28.441 and a standard deviation of 7.394 (based on Data Set 1 in Appendix B). When considered among members of the same gender, who
Use the range rule of thumb to estimate the standard deviation of ages of all teachers at your college.
Engineers designing overhead bin storage in an aircraft must consider the sitting heights of male passengers. Sitting heights of adult males have a mean of 914 mm and a standard deviation of 36 mm (based on anthropometric survey data from Gordon, Churchill, et al.). Use the range rule of thumb to
Use the hand lengths in Exercise 1 to construct a frequency distribution. Use a class width of 10 mm, and use 150 mm as the lower class limit of the first class.
Use the hand lengths in Exercise 1 and find the following:(a) Mean;(b) Median;(c) Standard deviation;(d) Variance;(e) Range. Include the appropriate units of measurement.173 179 207 158 196 195 214 199
Find the probability of selecting someone who got a result that is a false positive. Who would suffer from a false positive result? Why?
In a survey, 169 respondents say that they never use a credit card, 1227 say that they use it sometimes, and 2834 say that they use it frequently. What is the probability that a randomly selected person uses a credit card frequently? Is it unlikely for someone to use a credit card frequently? How
In a recent year, among 135,933,000 registered passenger cars in the United States, there were 10,427,000 crashes. Find the probability that a randomly selected passenger car in the United States will crash this year. Is it unlikely for a car to crash in a given year? What does this suggest about
One measure of air travel safety is this: There are 117 fatalities per billion passenger flights. Express that measure as a probability. Is it unlikely for an air passenger to be a fatality? How does air travel compare to the car fatality rate of 40 fatalities per billion trips? Is this comparison
In a New York Times/CBS News poll, respondents were asked if it should be legal or illegal to send a text message while driving. Eight said that it should be legal and 804 said that it should be illegal. What is the probability of randomly selecting someone who believes it should be legal to text
In a New York Times/CBS News poll, respondents were asked if it should be legal or illegal to use hand-held cell phones while driving. One hundred forty-one said that it should be legal, and 663 said that it should be illegal. What is the probability of randomly selecting someone who believes it
Among respondents asked which is their favorite seat on a plane, 492 chose the window seat, 8 chose the middle seat, and 306 chose the aisle seat (based on data from USA Today). What is the probability that a passenger prefers the middle seat? Is is unlikely for a passenger to prefer the middle
In a Marist poll, respondents chose the most annoying phrases used in conversation. Nineteen chose “at the end of the day,” 441 chose “whatever,” 235 chose “you know,” 103 chose “it is what it is,” 66 chose “anyway,” and 75 were unsure. Based on these results, what is the
Each of two parents has the genotype brown/blue, which consists of the pair of alleles that determine eye color, and each parent contributes one of those alleles to a child. Assume that if the child has at least one brown allele, that color will dominate and the eyes will be brown. (The actual
Men have XY (or YX) chromosomes and women have XX chromosomes. X-linked recessive genetic diseases (such as juvenile retinoschisis) occur when there is a defective X chromosome that occurs without a paired X chromosome that is good. In the following, represent a defective X chromosome with
Texas Pick 3 lottery, you can bet $1 by selecting the exact order of three digits between 0 and 9 inclusive, so the probability of winning is 1 /1000. If the same three numbers are drawn in the same order, you collect $300, so your net profit is $499. a. Find the actual odds against winning. b.
A roulette wheel has 38 slots. One slot is 0, another is 00, and the others are numbered 1 through 36, respectively. You place a bet that the outcome is an odd number.a. What is your probability of winning?b. What are the actual odds against winning?c. When you bet that the outcome is an odd
When the horse Super Saver won the 136th Kentucky Derby, a $2 bet that Super Saver would win resulted in a return of $18.a. How much net profit was made from a $2 win bet on Super Saver?b. What were the payoffs odds against a Super Saver win?c. Based on preliminary wagering before the race, bettors
In a clinical trial of 2103 subjects treated with Nasonex, 26 reported headaches. In a control group of 1671 subjects given a placebo, 22 reported headaches. Denoting the proportion of headaches in the treatment group by pt and denoting the proportion of headaches in the control (placebo) group by
For a Gallup poll, M is the event of randomly selecting a male, and R is the event of randomly selecting a Republican. Are events M and R disjoint? Why or why not?
Arriving late for your next statistics class. Arriving early for your next statistics class. Determine whether the two events are disjoint for a single trial.
In a Microsoft Instant Messaging survey, respondents were asked to choose the most fun way to flirt, and it found that P(D) = 0.550, where D is directly in person. If someone is randomly selected, what does P(D) represent, and what is its value?
If one of the test subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the subject had a positive test result or does not use drugs.
If one of the subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the subject had a negative test result or does not use drugs.
If one of the subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the subject had a negative test result or uses drugs.
If one of the physicians is randomly selected, what is the probability of getting one who calculated the dose correctly? Is that probability as high as it should be?
If one of the physicians is randomly selected, what is the probability of getting one who calculated the dose incorrectly? Is that probability as low as it should be?
a.For the physicians given the bottles labeled with a concentration, find the percentage of correct dosage calculations, then express it as a probability.b.For the physicians given the bottles labeled with a ratio, find the percentage of correct dosage calculations; then express it as a
a. For the physicians given the bottles labeled with a concentration, find the percentage of wrong dosage calculations; then express it as a probability.b. For the physicians given the bottles labeled with a ratio, find the percentage of wrong dosage calculations; then express it as a
What is the probability that the selected person refused to answer? Does that probability value suggest that refusals are a problem for pollsters? Why or why not?
What is the probability that the selected person responded or is in the 18-21 age bracket?
What is the probability that the selected person refused to respond or is over 59 years of age?
A market researcher is interested in responses, especially from those between the ages of 22 and 39, because they are the people more likely to make purchases. Find the probability that a selected subject responds or is between the ages of 22 and 39.
A market researcher is not interested in refusals or subjects below 22 years of age or over 59. Find the probability that the selected person refused to answer or is below 22 or is older than 59.
Use If one of the test subjects is randomly selected, find the probability that the subject actually used marijuana. Do you think that the result reflects the marijuana use rate in the general population? Use these results from the “1-Panel-THC” test for marijuana use, which is provided by the
Use Find the probability of a false positive or false negative. What does the result suggest about the test’s accuracy? Use these results from the “1-Panel-THC” test for marijuana use, which is provided by the company Drug Test Success: Among 143 subjects with positive test results, there are
Use Find the probability of a correct result by finding the probability of a true positive or a true negative. How does this result relate to the result from Exercise 37? Use these results from the “1-Panel-THC” test for marijuana use, which is provided by the company Drug Test Success: Among
If events A and B are disjoint and events B and C are disjoint, must events A and Cbe disjoint? Give an example supporting your answer.
The formal addition rule expressed the probability of A or B as follows: P{A or B) = P{A) + (B) — P{A and B). The exclusive or means either one or the other events occurs, but not both. Rewrite the expression for P{A or B) assuming that the addition rule uses the exclusive or instead of the
Addition Rule Extend the formal addition rule to develop an expression for P{A or B or C). {Hint: Draw a Venn diagram.)
a. Develop a formula for the probability of not getting either A or B on a single trial. That is, find an expression for P{A or B).b. Develop a formula for the probability of not getting A or not getting B on a single trial. That is, find an expression for P{A or B).
Are events R and D from Exercise 1 independent or dependent? Explain.
The event of finding that your car’s radio works and the event of finding that your car’s air conditioner works are independent events because they work separately from each other. Explain.
There are currently 28,741,346 adults in California, and they are all included in one large numbered list. The Gallup organization uses a computer to randomly select 1068 different numbers between 1 and 28,741,346 and then contacts the corresponding adults for a survey. Are the events of selecting
If 2 of the 1000 test subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they both had false positive results. Is it unlikely to randomly select subjects and get 2 results that are both false positive results?a. Assume that the 2 selections are made with replacement.b. Assume that the 2
If 3 of the 1000 test subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they all had false negative results. Is it unlikely to randomly select subjects and get 3 results that are all false negative results?a. Assume that the 3 selections are made with replacement.b. Assume that the 3
If 3 of the 1000 test subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they all had correct test results (either true positive or true negative). Is such an event unlikely?a. Assume that the 3 selections are made with replacement.b. Assume that the 3 selections are made without replacement.
If 4 of the 1000 test subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they all had true negative test results. Is such an event unlikely?a. Assume that the 4 selections are made with replacement.b. Assume that the 4 selections are made without replacement.
With one method of a procedure called acceptance sampling, a sample of items is randomly selected without replacement and the entire batch is accepted if every item in the sample is okay. Among 8834 cases of heart pacemaker malfunctions, 504 were found to be caused by firmware, which is software
With one method of a procedure called acceptance sampling, a sample of items is randomly selected without replacement and the entire batch is accepted if every item in the sample is okay. Among 810 airport baggage scales, 102 are defective (based on data from the New York City Department of
Hard Drives It is generally recognized that it is wise to back up computer data. Assume that there is a 2% rate of disk drive failure in a year (based on data from various sources, including “Failure Trends in Large Disk Drive Population,” by Pinhero et al. of Google, Inc.).a.If you store all
The FAA requires that commercial aircraft used for flying in instrument conditions must have two independent radios instead of one. Assume that for a typical flight, the probability of a radio failure is 0.0035. What is the probability that a particular flight will be threatened with the failure of
For the following, ignore leap years and assume that births on the 365 different days of the year are equally likely.a.What is the probability that a randomly selected person was born on July 4?b.What is the probability that two randomly selected people were both born on July 4?c.What is the
Assume that Google, Inc. hires employees on the different business days of the week (Monday through Friday) with equal likelihood.a.If two different employees are randomly selected, what is the probability that they were both hired on a Monday?b.If two different employees are randomly selected,
Use If 2 of the subjects are randomly selected without replacement, what is the probability that they both had correct test results (either true positive or true negative)? Is such an event unlikely?
In a Microsoft Instant Messaging survey, 1021 adults were asked to identify the most fun way to flirt, and 61 of them chose e-mail. a. If 1 of the surveyed adults is randomly selected, what is the probability that this person chose something other than e-mail? b. If 40 of the different subjects are
427 different adult women were randomly selected and asked what they purchase online, and 162 of the women said that they purchase clothes online (based on a survey by the Consumer Reports Research Center).a. If 2 of the surveyed women are randomly selected without replacement, what is the
Among respondents asked which is their favorite seat on a plane, 492 chose the window seat, 8 chose the middle seat, and 306 chose the aisle seat (based on data from USA Today).a. What is the probability of randomly selecting 1 of the surveyed people and getting one who did not choose the middle
Refer to the figure at the top of the next page in which surge protectors p and q are used to protect an expensive 3D HDTV. If there is a surge in the voltage, the surge protector reduces it to a safe level. Assume that each surge protector has a 0.99 probability of working correctly when a voltage
If 25 people are randomly selected, find the probability that no 2 of them have the same birthday. Ignore leap years.
Subjective Probability a. Estimate the probability that on the next test in a randomly selected statistics class, at least one student earns a grade of A. b. Answer part (a) with the additional knowledge that the selected class is a special section for honors students with very high grade point

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