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mathematics
statistics

Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach 8th Edition Allan Bluman - Solutions

Compute the standard error of the estimate for Exercise 15 in Section 10€“1. The regression line equation was found in Exercise 15 in Section 10€“2.The director of an alumni association for a small college wants to determine whether there is any type of relationship between the
For the data in Exercises 13 in Sections 10€“1 and 10€“2 and 15 in Section 10€“3, find the 90% prediction interval when x = 200 new releases.The yearly data have been published showing the number of releases for each of the commercial movie studios and the gross receipts for those
For the data in Exercises 15 in Sections 10€“1 and 10€“2 and 17 in Section 10€“3, find the 90% prediction interval when x = 4 years.The director of an alumni association for a small college wants to determine whether there is any type of relationship between the amount of an
Find the coefficients of determination and non-determination and explain the meaning of each. r = 0.80
r = 0.75 Find the coefficients of determination and non-determination and explain the meaning of each.
A medical researcher found a significant relationship among a person’s age x1, cholesterol level x2, sodium level of the blood x3, and systolic blood pressure y. The regression equation is y’ = 97.7 + 0.691x1 + 219x2 + 299x3. Predict the systolic blood pressure of a person who is 35 years old
A manufacturer found that a significant relationship exists among the number of hours an assembly line employee works per shift x1, the total number of items produced x2, and the number of defective items produced y. The multiple regression equation is y’ = 9.6 + 2.2x1 - 1.08x2. Predict the
A pastry chef who specializes in special occasion cakes uses the following equation to help calculate the price of a cake: y = -26.279 + 14.855x1 + 3.1035x2 + 0.73079x3, where x1 is the number of layers desired, x2 the number of servings needed, and x3 the amount of filling mix used. Calculate the
A college statistics professor is interested in the relationship among various aspects of students’ academic behavior and their final grade in the class. She found a significant relationship between the number of hours spent studying statistics per week, the number of classes attended per
The U.S. Department of Transportation Office of Aviation Analysis provides the weekly average number of passengers per flight and the average one-way fare in dollars for common commercial routes. Randomly selected flights are listed below with the reported data. Is there evidence of a relationship
For Exercise 6, find the standard error of the estimate.A study was conducted with vegetarians to see whether the number of grams of protein each ate per day was related to diastolic blood pressure. The data are given here.If there is a significant relationship, predict the diastolic pressure of a
For Exercise 5, find the 90% prediction interval for time when the speed is 72 words per minute.A researcher desires to know whether the typing speed of a secretary (in words per minute) is related to the time (in hours) that it takes the secretary to learn to use a new word processing program. The
For Exercise 6, find the 95% prediction interval for pressure when the number of grams is 8.A study was conducted with vegetarians to see whether the number of grams of protein each ate per day was related to diastolic blood pressure. The data are given here.If there is a significant relationship,
A study found a significant relationship among a person’s years of experience on a particular job x1, the number of workdays missed per month x2, and the person’s age y. The regression equation is y’ = 12.8 + 2.09x1 + 0.423x2. Predict a person’s age if he or she has been employed for 4
Find R when ryx1 = 0.681 and ryx2 = 0.872 and rx1x2 = 0.746.
Find R2adj when R = 0.873, n = 10, and k = 3.
School district information was examined for a random selection of states. The data below show the number of elementary schools and the number of secondary schools for each particular state. Is there a significant relationship between the variables? Predict the number of secondary schools when the
Listed below are the number of touchdown passes thrown in the season and the quarterback rating for a random sample of NFL quarterbacks. Is there a significant linear relationship between the variables?Do a complete regression analysis by performing the following steps. a. Draw the scatter plot. b.
A study is conducted to determine the relationship between a driver€™s age and the number of accidents he or she has over a 1-year period. The data are shown here.If there is a significant relationship, predict the number of accidents of a driver who is 28.Do a complete regression
A researcher desires to know whether the typing speed of a secretary (in words per minute) is related to the time (in hours) that it takes the secretary to learn to use a new word processing program. The data are shown.If there is a significant relationship, predict the time it will take the
A study was conducted with vegetarians to see whether the number of grams of protein each ate per day was related to diastolic blood pressure. The data are given here.If there is a significant relationship, predict the diastolic pressure of a vegetarian who consumes 8 grams of protein per day.Do a
Although more and more women are becoming physicians each year, it is well known that men outnumber women in many specialties. Randomly selected specialties are listed below with the numbers of male and female physicians in each. Can it be concluded that there is a significant relationship between
For Exercise 4, find the standard error of the estimate.A study is conducted to determine the relationship between a driver€™s age and the number of accidents he or she has over a 1-year period. The data are shown here.If there is a significant relationship, predict the number of
For Exercise 5, find the standard error of the estimate.A researcher desires to know whether the typing speed of a secretary (in words per minute) is related to the time (in hours) that it takes the secretary to learn to use a new word processing program. The data are shown.If there is a
In a recent year, the most popular colors for light trucks were white, 30%; black, 17%; red, 14%; silver, 12%; gray, 11%; blue, 8%; and other, 8%. A survey of light truck owners in a particular area revealed the following. At Î± = 0.05 do the proportions differ from those
As part of the Mathematics Assessment, eighth-graders were asked about the frequency with which they used calculators while taking tests or quizzes. The results for national public schools were as follows: never, 28%; sometimes, 51%, and always, 21%. A random sample of 140 eighth-grade students in
The Head Start Program provides a wide range of services to low-income children up to the age of 5 and their families. Its goals are to provide services to improve social and learning skills and to improve health and nutrition status so that the participants can begin school on an equal footing
A USA TODAY Snapshot states that 53% of adult shoppers prefer to pay cash for purchases, 30% use checks, 16% use credit cards, and 1% have no preference. The owner of a large store randomly selected 800 shoppers and asked their payment preferences. The results were that 400 paid cash, 210 paid by
A survey of 800 recent degree recipients found that 155 received associate degrees; 450, bachelor degrees; 20, first professional degrees; 160, master degrees; and 15, doctorates. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that at least one of the proportions differs from a report which stated that
A survey was targeted at determining if educational attainment affected Internet use. Randomly selected shoppers at a busy mall were asked if they used the Internet and their highest level of education attained. The results are listed below. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level of
A researcher wishes to see if the number of adults who do not have health insurance is equally distributed among three categories (less than 12 years of education, 12 years of education, more than 12 years of education). A sample of 60 adults who do not have health insurance is selected, and the
A medical researcher wishes to determine if the way people pay for their medical prescriptions is distributed as follows: 60% personal funds, 25% insurance, 15% Medicare. A sample of 50 people found that 32 paid with their own money, 10 paid using insurance, and 8 paid using Medicare. At α = 0.05
Three coins are tossed 72 times, and the number of heads is shown. At Î± = 0.05, test the null hypothesis that the coins are balanced and randomly tossed.Perform these steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the critical value. c. Compute the test value. d. Make
Students who are home-schooled often attend their local schools to participate in various types of activities such as sports or musical ensembles. According to the government, 82% of home-schoolers receive their education entirely at home, while 12% attend school up to 9 hours per week and 6% spend
A researcher wishes to see if the five ways (drinking decaffeinated beverages, taking a nap, going for a walk, eating a sugary snack, other) people use to combat midday drowsiness are equally distributed among office workers. A sample of 60 office workers is selected, and the following data are
In a recent year, 77.8% of recorded music sales were full-length CDs, 12.8% digital downloads, 3.8% singles, and the rest a mixture of other formats. A survey of college students and their recent music purchases indicated that out of 200 purchases, 48 were downloads, 135 were full-length CDs, 10
According to the Bureau of Transportation statistics, on-time performance by the airlines is described as follows:Action % of TimeOn time ........................70.8National Aviation System delay ..............8.2Aircraft arriving late .....................9.0Other (because of weather and other
An ABC News poll asked adults whether they felt genetically modified food was safe to eat. Thirty-five percent felt it was safe, 52% felt it was not safe, and 13% had no opinion. A random sample of 120 adults was asked the same question at a local county fair. Forty people felt that genetically
This table lists the numbers of officers and enlisted personnel for women in the military. At Î± = 0.05, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that a relationship exists between rank and branch of the Armed Forces?Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b.
Is the composition of state legislatures in the House of Representatives related to the specific state? Use Î± = 0.05.Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use
Is the size of the population by age related to the state that it€™s in? Use Î± = 0.05. (Population values are in thousands.)Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the
The 2010 Winter Olympics final medal counts for the top four nations are shown below. At the 0.10 level of significance can it be concluded that the type of medal won was dependent upon the competing country?Perform the following steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the
Four states were randomly selected, and their members in the U.S. House of Representatives (111th Congress) are noted below. At Î± = 0.10 can it be concluded that there is a dependent relationship between the state and the political party affiliation of their representatives?Perform the following
The table below shows the number of students (in thousands) participating in various programs at both two-year and four-year institutions. At Î± = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a relationship between program of study and type of institution?Perform the following steps.a. State the
Listed below is information regarding organ transplantation for three different years. Based on these data, is there sufficient evidence at Î± = 0.01 to conclude that a relationship exists between year and type of transplant?Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the
A large furniture retailer with stores in three cities had the following results from a special weekend sale. At Î± = 0.05 is there sufficient evidence that the type of furniture sold was dependent upon the store?Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find
Are the sales of CDs (in thousands) by genre related to the year in which the sales occurred? Use the 0.05 level of significance.Perform the following steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the critical value. c. Compute the test value. d. Make the decision. e. Summarize the
Is the choice of exercise equipment dependent upon gender? Recent records from a large gym indicated the following equipment usage. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there a relationship?Perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c.
To test the effectiveness of a new drug, a researcher gives one group of individuals the new drug and another group a placebo. The results of the study are shown here. At Î± = 0.10, can the researcher conclude that the drug is effective? Use the P-value method.Perform the following steps.a. State
A book publisher wishes to determine whether there is a difference in the type of book selected by males and females for recreational reading. A random sample provides the data given here. At Î± = 0.05, test the claim that the type of book selected is independent of the gender of the individual.
A local college recently made the news by offering foreign language€“speaking dorm rooms to its students. When questioned at another school, 50 students from each class responded as shown. At Î± = 0.05, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportions of students favoring foreign
According to a recent survey, 64% of Americans between the ages of 6 and 17 cannot pass a basic fitness test. A physical education instructor wishes to determine if the percentages of such students in different schools in his school district are the same. He administers a basic fitness test to 120
An advertising firm has decided to ask 92 customers at each of three local shopping malls if they are willing to take part in a market research survey. According to previous studies, 38% of Americans refuse to take part in such surveys. The results are shown here. At Î± = 0.01, test the claim
A researcher wishes to see if the proportions of workers for each type of job have changed during the last 10 years. A sample of 100 workers is selected, and the results are shown. At Î± = 0.05, test the claim that the proportions have not changed. Can the results be generalized to the population
According to a recent survey, 59% of Americans aged 8 to 17 would prefer that their mother work outside the home, regardless of what she does now. A school district psychologist decided to select three samples of 60 students each in elementary, middle, and high school to see how the students in her
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported information on volunteers by selected characteristics. They found that 24.4% of the population aged 16 to 24 volunteers a median number of 36 hours per year. A survey of 75 students in each age group revealed the following data on volunteer practices. At
On average, 79% of American fathers are in the delivery room when their children are born. A physician€™s assistant surveyed 300 first-time fathers to determine if they had been in the delivery room when their children were born. The results are shown here. At Î± = 0.05, is there enough
A children€™s playground equipment manufacturer read in a survey that 55% of all U.S. playground injuries occur on the monkey bars. The manufacturer wishes to investigate playground injuries in four different parts of the country to determine if the proportions of accidents on the monkey bars
According to the American Automobile Association, 31 million Americans travel over the Thanksgiving holiday. To determine whether to stay open or not, a national restaurant chain surveyed customers at each of four locations to see if they would be traveling over the holiday. The results are shown
The vice president of a large supermarket chain wished to determine if her customers made a list before going grocery shopping. She surveyed 288 customers in three stores. The results are shown here. At Î± = 0.10, test the claim that the proportions of the customers in the three stores
For a 2 Ã— 2 table, a, b, c, and d are the observed values for each cell, as shown.The chi-square test value can be computed as X2 = n (ad €“ bc)2 / (a + b) (a + c) (c + d) (b + d) Where n = a + b + c + d. Compute the X2 test value by using the above formula and the formula
For the contingency table shown in Exercise 32, compute the chi-square test value by using the Yates correction for continuity.
When the chi-square test value is significant and there is a relationship between the variables, the strength of this relationship can be measured by using the contingency coefficient. The formula for the contingency coefficient isC = √X2 / X2 + nWhere X2 is the test value and n is the sum of
Are movie admissions related to ethnicity? A 2007 study indicated the following numbers of admissions (in thousands) for two different years. At the 0.05 level of significance can it be concluded that movie attendance by year was dependent upon ethnicity?Perform the following steps. a. State the
Can you conclude a relationship between the class of vertebrate and whether it is endangered or threatened? Use the 0.05 level of significance. Is there a different result for the 0.01 level of significance?Perform the following steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the
A traffic safety report indicated that for the 21–24 year age group, 31.58% of traffic fatalities were victims who had used a seat belt. Victims who were not wearing a seat belt accounted for 59.83% of the deaths, and the status of the rest was unknown. A study of 120 traffic fatalities in a
Is the frequency of cardiovascular procedure related to gender? The following data were obtained for selected procedures for a recent year. At Î± = 0.10 is there sufficient evidence to conclude a dependent relationship between gender and procedure?Follow these steps. a. State the
The reasons that workers in the 25–54 year old category were displaced are listed below.Plant closed/moved .....44.8%Insufficient work ......25.2%Position eliminated .......30%A random sample of 180 displaced workers (in this age category) found that 40 lost their jobs due to their position being
The federal government has proposed labeling tires by fuel efficiency to save fuel and cut emissions. A survey was taken to see who would use these labels. At Î± = 0.10, is the gender of the individual related to whether or not a person would use these labels? The data from a sample are shown
A police investigator read that the reasons why gun sales to applicants were denied were distributed as follows: criminal history of felonies, 75%; domestic violence conviction, 11%; and drug abuse, fugitive, etc., 14%. A sample of applicants in a large study who were refused sales is obtained and
A survey was taken on how a lump-sum pension would be invested by 45-year-olds and 65-year-olds. The data are shown here. At Î± = 0.05, is there a relationship between the age of the investor and the way the money would be invested?Follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the
According to records from the Storm Prediction Center, the following numbers of tornadoes occurred in the first quarter of each of the years 2003€“2006. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that a relationship exists between the month and year in which the tornadoes occurred? Use Î± =
A guidance counselor wishes to determine if the proportions of female high school students in his school district who have jobs are equal to the national average of 36%. He surveys 80 female students, ages 16 through 18, to determine if they work. The results are shown. At Î± = 0.01, test the
The risk of injury is higher for males compared to females (57% versus 43%). A hospital emergency room supervisor wishes to determine if the proportions of injuries to males in his hospital are the same for each of four months. He surveys 100 injuries treated in his ER for each month. The results
Based on the following data showing the numbers of people (in thousands) with and without health insurance, can it be concluded at the 0.01 level of significance that the proportion with or without health insurance is related to the state chosen?Follow these steps. a. State the hypotheses and
Americans appear to be eating healthier. Between 1970 and 2007 the per capita consumption of broccoli increased 1000% from 0.5 to 5.5 pounds. A nutritionist followed a group of people randomly assigned to one of three groups and noted their monthly broccoli intake (in pounds). At Î± = 0.05 is
The lengths (in feet) of a random sample of suspension bridges in the United States, Europe, and Asia are shown. At Î± = 0.05, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a difference in mean lengths?Assume that all variables are normally distributed, that the samples are
A researcher wishes to see whether there is any difference in the weight gains of athletes following one of three special diets. Athletes are randomly assigned to three groups and placed on the diet for 6 weeks. The weight gains (in pounds) are shown here. At Î± = 0.05, can the
The average local cell phone monthly bill is $50.07. A random sample of monthly bills from three different providers is listed below. At Î± = 0.05 is there a difference in mean bill amounts among providers?Assume that all variables are normally distributed, that the samples are independent, and
The numbers (in thousands) of farms per state found in three sections of the country are listed next. Test the claim at Î± = 0.05 that the mean number of farms is the same across these three geographic divisions.Assume that all variables are normally distributed, that the samples are independent,
Annual child care costs for infants are considerably higher than for older children. At Î± = 0.05, can you conclude a difference in mean infant day care costs for different regions of the United States? (Annual costs per infant are given in dollars.)Assume that all variables are normally
A research organization tested microwave ovens. At Î± = 0.10, is there a significant difference in the average prices of the three types of oven?A computer printout for this exercise is shown. Use the P-value method and the information in this printout to test the claim.Assume that all variables
Three popular fast-food restaurant franchises specializing in burgers were surveyed to find out the number of calories in their frequently ordered sandwiches. At the 0.05 level of significance can it be concluded that a difference in mean number of calories per burger exists?Assume that all
Below are randomly selected scores for winning college basketball teams in each of three regions for a particular weekend. At the 0.10 level of significance is there sufficient evidence that there is a difference in mean scores by region?Assume that all variables are normally distributed, that the
State three reasons why multiple t tests cannot be used to compare three or more means.
Kiplinger€™s listed the top 100 public colleges based on many factors. From that list, here is the average debt at graduation for various schools in four selected states. At Î± = 0.05, can it be concluded that the average debt at graduation differs for these four states?
The amount of sodium (in milligrams) in one serving for a random sample of three different kinds of foods is listed here. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that a difference in mean sodium amounts exists among condiments, cereals, and desserts?Assume that
A study was done before the recent surge in gasoline prices to compare the cost to drive 25 miles for different types of hybrid vehicles. The cost of a gallon of gas at the time of the study was approximately $2.50. Based on the information given below for different models of hybrid cars, trucks,
The data consist of the weights in ounces of three different types of digital camera. Use Î± = 0.05 to see if the means are equal.Do a complete one-way ANOVA. If the null hypothesis is rejected, use either the ScheffÃ© or Tukey test to see if there is a significant difference in the pairs of
The number of grams of fiber per serving for a random sample of three different kinds of foods is listed. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level of significance to conclude that there is a difference in mean fiber content among breakfast cereals, fruits, and vegetables?Do a complete one-way
The expenditures (in dollars) per pupil for states in three sections of the country are listed. Using Î± = 0.05, can you conclude that there is a difference in means?Do a complete one-way ANOVA. If the null hypothesis is rejected, use either the ScheffÃ© or Tukey test to see if there is a
The average weekly unemployment benefit for the entire United States is $297. Three states are randomly selected, and a sample of weekly unemployment benefits is recorded for each. At Î± = 0.05 is there sufficient evidence to conclude a difference in means? If so, perform the appropriate test to
A study was done before the recent surge in gasoline prices to compare the cost to drive 25 miles for different types of hybrid vehicles. The cost of a gallon of gas at the time of the study was approximately $2.50. Based on the information given below for different models of hybrid cars, trucks,
A researcher wishes to see whether there is any difference in the weight gains of athletes following one of three special diets. Athletes are randomly assigned to three groups and placed on the diet for 6 weeks. The weight gains (in pounds) are shown here. At Î± = 0.05, can the researcher
The per-pupil costs (in thousands of dollars) for cyber charter school tuition for school districts in three areas of southwestern Pennsylvania are shown. At Î± = 0.05, is there a difference in the means? If so, give a possible reason for the difference.The null hypothesis was rejected. Use the
A research organization tested microwave ovens. At Î± = 0.10, is there a significant difference in the average prices of the three types of oven?A computer printout for this exercise is shown. Use the P-value method and the information in this printout to test the claim.The null hypothesis was
Three popular fast-food restaurant franchises specializing in burgers were surveyed to find out the number of calories in their frequently ordered sandwiches. At the 0.05 level of significance can it be concluded that a difference in mean number of calories per burger exists?The null hypothesis was
Kiplinger€™s listed the top 100 public colleges based on many factors. From that list, here is the average debt at graduation for various schools in four selected states. At Î± = 0.05, can it be concluded that the average debt at graduation differs for these four states?The null hypothesis
A gardening company is testing new ways to improve plant growth. Twelve plants are randomly selected and exposed to a combination of two factors, a €œGrow-light€ in two different strengths and a plant food supplement with different mineral supplements. After a number of days, the plants are

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