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mathematics
statistics
Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach 8th Edition Allan Bluman - Solutions
As a new type of environmentally friendly, natural air freshener is being developed, it is tested to see whether the effects of temperature and humidity affect the length of time that the scent is effective. The numbers of days that the air freshener had a significant level of scent are listed
A contractor wishes to see whether there is a difference in the time (in days) it takes two subcontractors to build three different types of homes. At α = 0.05, analyze the data shown here, using a two-way ANOVA. See below for raw data.DataANOVA Summary TablePerform these steps. Assume that all
A pigment laboratory is testing both dry additives and solution-based additives to see their effect on the durability rating (a number from 1 to 10) of a finished paint product. The paint to be tested is divided into four equal quantities, and a different combination of the two additives is added
Two types of outdoor paint, enamel and latex, were tested to see how long (in months) each lasted before it began to crack, flake, and peel. They were tested in four geographic locations in the United States to study the effects of climate on the paint. At α = 0.01, analyze the data shown, using
A company sells three items: swimming pools, spas, and saunas. The owner decides to see whether the age of the sales representative and the type of item affect monthly sales. At α = 0.05, analyze the data shown, using a two-way ANOVA. Sales are given in hundreds of dollars for a randomly
In a two-way ANOVA, variable A has three levels and variable B has two levels. There are five data values in each cell. Find each degrees-of-freedom value.a. d.f.N. for factor Ab. d.f.N. for factor Bc. d.f.N. for factor A × Bd. d.f.D. for the within (error) factor
In a two-way ANOVA, variable A has six levels and variable B has five levels. There are seven data values in each cell. Find each degrees-of-freedom value. a. d.f.N. for factor A b. d.f.N. for factor B c. d.f.N. for factor A × B d. d.f.D. for the within (error) factor
Describe what the graph of the variables would look like for each situation in a two-way ANOVA experiment. a. No interaction effect occurs. b. An ordinal interaction effect occurs. c. A disordinal interaction effect occurs.
The data represent the lengths in feet of three types of bridges in the United States. At α = 0.01, test the claim that there is no significant difference in the means of the lengths of the types of bridges.If the null hypothesis is rejected, use the Scheffé test when the sample sizes are
The numbers of state parks found in selected states in three different regions of the country are listed below. At α = 0.05 can it be concluded that the average number of state parks differs by region?If the null hypothesis is rejected, use the Scheffé test when the sample sizes are unequal
The number of carbohydrates per serving in randomly selected cereals from three manufacturers is shown. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence to conclude a difference in the average number of carbohydrates?If the null hypothesis is rejected, use the Scheffé test when
The number of grams of fat per serving for three different kinds of pizza from several manufacturers is listed below. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence that a difference exists in mean fat content?If the null hypothesis is rejected, use the Scheffé test when the
The iron content in three different types of food is shown. At the 0.10 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence to conclude that a difference in mean iron content exists for meats and fish, breakfast cereals, and nutritional high-protein drinks?If the null hypothesis is rejected, use
The average January high temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) for selected tourist cities on different continents are listed below. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude a difference in mean temperatures for the three areas? Use the 0.05 level of significance.If the null hypothesis is rejected,
A researcher wishes to see if there is a difference in the average number of times local police were called in school incidents. Samples of school districts were selected, and the numbers of incidents for a specific year were reported. At α = 0.05, is there a difference in the means? If so,
A statistics instructor wanted to see if student participation in review preparation methods led to higher examination scores. Five students were randomly selected and placed in each test group for a three-week unit on statistical inference. Everyone took the same examination at the end of the
A medical researcher wishes to test the effects of two different diets and two different exercise programs on the glucose level in a person€™s blood. The glucose level is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). Three subjects are randomly assigned to each group. Analyze the data shown
90.6, 47.0, 82.2, 9.27, 327.0, 52.9, 18.0, 145.0, 34.5, 9.54 Rank the set of data.
List the advantages and disadvantages of nonparametric statistics.
3, 8, 6, 1, 4, 10, 7 Rank the set of data.
22, 66, 32, 43, 65, 43, 71, 34 Rank the set of data.
83, 460, 582, 177, 241 Rank the set of data.
19.4, 21.8, 3.2, 23.1, 5.9, 10.3, 11.1 Rank the set of data.
10.9, 20.2, 43.9, 9.5, 17.6, 5.6, 32.6, 0.85, 17.6 Rank the set of data.
28, 50, 52, 11, 71, 36, 47, 88, 41, 50, 71, 50 Rank the set of data.
The median U.S. family income is believed to be $63,211. In a survey of families in a particular neighborhood, it was found that out of 40 families surveyed, 10 had incomes below $63,211. At the 0.05 level of significance is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the median income is not
An educational researcher believes that the median number of faculty for proprietary (for-profit) colleges and universities is 150. The data provided list the number of faculty at a selected number of proprietary colleges and universities. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there sufficient
A researcher read that the median age for viewers of the Carson Daly show is 39. To test the claim, 75 viewers were surveyed, and 27 were under the age of 39. At α = 0.02 test the claim. Give one reason why an advertiser might like to know the results of this study. Perform these steps. a. State
One hundred students are asked if they favor increasing the school year by 20 days. The responses are 62 no, 36 yes, and 2 undecided. At α = 0.10, test the hypothesis that 50% of the students are against extending the school year. Use the P-value method. Perform these steps. a. State the
A meteorologist suggests that the median number of deaths per year from tornadoes in the United States is 60. The number of deaths for a sample of 11 years is shown. At α = 0.05 is there enough evidence to reject the claim? If you took proper safety precautions during a tornado, would you feel
A study was conducted to see whether a certain diet medication had an effect on the weights (in pounds) of eight women. Their weights were taken before and six weeks after daily administration of the medication. The data are shown here. At α = 0.05, can you conclude that the
A statistics professor wants to investigate the relationship between a student€™s midterm examination score and the score on the final. Eight students were selected, and their scores on the two examinations are noted below. At the 0.10 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence
A large corporation sent several of its prospective supervisors to a two-day seminar in identifying and increasing supervisory skills. Participants were given a pretest at the start of the seminar and a posttest at the conclusion. Their scores are listed below. At α = 0.05 can it be
A researcher wishes to test the effects of a pill on a person€™s appetite. Twelve subjects are allowed to eat a meal of their choice, and their caloric intake is measured. The next day, the same subjects take the pill and eat a meal of their choice. The caloric intake of the second meal is
A researcher wishes to determine if the number of viewers for 10 returning television shows has not changed since last year. The data are given in millions of viewers. At α = 0.01, test the claim that the number of viewers has not changed. Depending on your answer, would a television
A manufacturer believes that if routine maintenance (cleaning and oiling of machines) is increased to once a day rather than once a week, the number of defective parts produced by the machines will decrease. Nine machines are selected, and the number of defective parts produced over a 24-hour
3, 12, 15, 18, 16, 15, 22, 30, 25, 4, 6, 9 (95%) Find the confidence interval of the median, indicated in parentheses, for the set of data.
101, 115, 143, 106, 100, 142, 157, 163, 155, 141, 145, 153, 152, 147, 143, 115, 164, 160, 147, 150 (90%) Find the confidence interval of the median, indicated in parentheses, for the set of data.
8.2, 7.1, 6.3, 5.2, 4.8, 9.3, 7.2, 9.3, 4.5, 9.6, 7.8, 5.6, 4.7, 4.2, 9.5, 5.1 (98%) Find the confidence interval of the median, indicated in parentheses, for the set of data.
1, 8, 2, 6, 10, 15, 24, 33, 56, 41, 58, 54, 5, 3, 42, 31, 15, 65, 21 (99%) Find the confidence interval of the median, indicated in parentheses, for the set of data.
12, 15, 18, 14, 17, 19, 25, 32, 16, 47, 14, 23, 27, 42, 33, 35, 39, 41, 21, 19 (95%) Find the confidence interval of the median, indicated in parentheses, for the set of data.
The median age at first marriage for men in the United States in 2008 was 27.6 years. Alumni officers at a large university contacted recent newlyweds to see if their median age was different. Their ages (in years) at marriage are listed below. At α = 0.05 can it be concluded that the
An athletic director suggests the median number for the paid attendance at 20 local football games is 3000. The data for a sample are shown. At α = 0.05, is there enough evidence to reject the claim? If you were printing the programs for the games, would you use this figure as a
An educator hypothesizes that the median of the number of students enrolled in cyber schools in school districts in southwestern Pennsylvania is 25. At α = 0.05, is there enough evidence to reject the educator€™s claim? The data are shown here. What benefit would this
According to the Women€™s Bureau of the U.S. Department of Labor, the occupation with the highest median weekly earnings among women is pharmacist with median weekly earnings of $1603. Based on the weekly earnings listed below from a sample of female pharmacists, can it be concluded that
For a specific year, the median price of natural gas was $10.86 per 1000 cubic feet. A researcher wishes to see if there is enough evidence to reject the claim. Out of 42 households, 18 paid less than $10.86 per 1000 cubic feet for natural gas. Test the claim at α = 0.05. How could a prospective
Samples of enrollments from medical schools that specialize in research and in primary care are listed below. At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference?Use the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Assume that the samples are independent. Also perform each of these steps. a. State
Volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two groups to test the speed with which a pain reliever brought relief. One group took the standard dose of extra-strength acetaminophen (group A) while the other group (group N) took a newly approved pain-relieving drug. The number of minutes until
A random sample of men and women in prison was asked to give the length of sentence each received for a certain type of crime. At α = 0.05, test the claim that there is no difference in the sentence received by each gender. The data (in months) are shown here.Use the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
The following are scores from a technology proficiency test required of all new incoming students at a particular college. Use the Wilcoxon rank sum test to see if there is a difference in scores between freshmen and transfer students at the 0.05 level of significance.Use the Wilcoxon rank sum
To test the claim that there is no difference in the lifetimes of two brands of handheld video games, a researcher selects a sample of 11 video games of each brand. The lifetimes (in months) of each brand are shown here. At α = 0.01, can the researcher conclude that there is a difference in the
A researcher wishes to see if the stopping distance for midsize automobiles is different from the stopping distance for compact automobiles at a speed of 70 miles per hour. The data are shown. At α = 0.10, test the claim that the stopping distances are the same. If one of your safety
For the years 1970€“1993 the National League (NL) and the American League (AL) (major league baseball) were each divided into two divisions: East and West. Below is a sample of the number of games won by each league€™s Eastern Division. At α = 0.05, is there
A game commissioner wishes to see if the number of hunting accidents in counties in western Pennsylvania is different from the number of hunting accidents in counties in eastern Pennsylvania. A sample of counties from the two regions is selected, and the numbers of hunting accidents are shown. At
Use the sign test to test the hypothesis that the assessed value has changed between 2006 and 2010. Use α = 0.05. Do you think land values in a large city would be normally distributed?
Eight subjects were weighed before and after a new three-week €œhealthy€ diet. At the 0.05 level of significance, can it be concluded that a difference in weight resulted? (Weights are in pounds.)
A sample of legal costs (in thousands of dollars) for school districts for two recent consecutive years is shown. At α = 0.05, is there a difference in the costs?
A researcher wishes to compare the prices for prescription drugs in the United States with those in Canada. The same drugs and dosages were compared in each country. At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that the drugs in Canada are cheaper?
Find the sum of the signed ranks. Assume that the samples are dependent. State which sum is used as the test value.
Find the sum of the signed ranks. Assume that the samples are dependent. State which sum is used as the test value.
Eight drugs were selected, and the prices for the human doses and the animal doses for the same amounts were compared. At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that the prices for the animal doses are significantly less than the prices for the human doses? If the null hypothesis is rejected,
Samples of four different cereals show the following numbers of calories for the suggested servings of each brand. At α = 0.05, is there a difference in the number of calories for the different brands?Perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical
The amounts of caffeine in a regular (small) serving of assorted beverages are listed below. If someone wants to limit caffeine intake, does it really matter which beverage she or he chooses? Is there a difference in caffeine content at α = 0.05?Perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and
A human is said to be able to reach a maximum speed of 27.89 miles per hour. The maximum speeds of various types of other animals are listed below. Based on these particular groupings is there evidence of a difference in speeds? Use the 0.05 level of significance.Perform these steps.a. State the
Through the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 15-year-olds are tested in member countries in mathematics, reading, and science literacy. Below are listed total mathematics literacy scores (i.e., both genders) for selected countries in different parts of the world. Test,
A researcher wishes to compare the prices of three types of lawnmowers. At α = 0.10, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the prices? Based on your answer, do you feel that the cost should be a factor in determining which type of lawnmower a person would purchase?Perform these
Three brands of microwave dinners were advertised as low in sodium. Samples of the three different brands show the following milligrams of sodium. At α = 0.05, is there a difference in the amount of sodium among the brands?Perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b.
In Chapter 12 we did this exercise assuming that the populations were normally distributed and that the population variances were equal. Assume that this is not the case. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, is the outcome affected? Do you think unemployment benefits are normally distributed? Test for a
A recent study recorded the number of job offers received by newly graduated chemical engineers at three colleges. The data are shown here. At α = 0.05, is there a difference in the average number of job offers received by the graduates at the three colleges?Perform these steps.a. State the
The expenditures in dollars per pupil for states in three sections of the country are listed below. At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in spending between regions?Perform these steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the critical
An electronics store manager wishes to compare the costs (in dollars) of three types of computer printers. The data are shown. At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the prices? Based on your answer, do you think that a certain type of printer generally costs
In a large city, the number of crimes per week in five precincts is recorded for five weeks. The data are shown here. At α = 0.01, is there a difference in the number of crimes?Perform these steps. a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the critical value. c. Compute
The data below show the number of books published in six different subject areas for the years 1980 and 2004. Use α = 0.05 to see if there is a relationship between the two data sets. Do you think the same relationship will hold true 20 years from now? (In case you€™re
Shown is a comparison between the average gasoline prices charged by a gasoline station and a car rental company for 10 cities in the United States before the recent surge in gasoline prices. At α = 0.05, is there a relationship between the prices? How might a person who travels a lot and rents
Is there a relationship between the number of motor vehicle (MV) thefts and the number of burglaries (per 100,000 populations) for different metropolitan areas? Use α = 0.05.Perform these steps. a. Find the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. b. State the hypotheses. c. Find the
Shown are the number of students enrolled in cyber school for five randomly selected school districts and the per-pupil costs for the cyber school education. At α = 0.10, is there a relationship between the two variables? How might this information be useful to school administrators?Perform
Shown are the price for a human dose of several prescription drugs and the price for an equivalent dose for animals. At α = 0.10, is there a relationship between the variables?Perform these steps. a. Find the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. b. State the hypotheses. c. Find the
A school dentist wanted to test the claim, at α = 0.05, that the number of cavities in fourth-grade students is random. Forty students were checked, and the number of cavities each had is shown here. Test for randomness of the values above or below the median.
Listed below are the daily numbers (daytime drawing) for the Pennsylvania State Lottery for February 2007. Using O for odd and E for even, test for randomness at α = 0.05.
Many eating facilities serve one brand of soft drinks only, but the College Corner Café serves two different brands. On a Friday night here are the orders for cola. Test for randomness at the 0.05 level of significance.
Random? A calculator generated these integers randomly. Apply the runs test to see if you can reject the hypothesis that the numbers are truly random. Use α = 0.05.
As students, faculty, friends, and family arrived for the Spring Wind Ensemble Concert at Shafer Auditorium, they were asked whether they were going to sit in the balcony (B) or on the ground floor (G). Use the responses listed below and test for randomness at α = 0.05.
Twenty shoppers are in a checkout line at a grocery store. At α = 0.05, test for randomness of their gender: male (M) or female (F). The data are shown here.
A supervisor records the number of employees absent over a 30-day period. Test for randomness, at α = 0.05.
A ski lodge manager observes the weather for the month of February. If his customers are able to ski, he records S; if weather conditions do not permit skiing, he records N. Test for randomness, at α = 0.05.
n = 30, α = 0.01 Find the critical r value (assume that the test is two-tailed).
n = 60, α = 0.10 Find the critical r value (assume that the test is two-tailed).
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (U.S. Department of Education) tests mathematics, reading, and science achievement in grades 4 and 8. A random sample of states is selected, and their mathematics achievement scores are noted for fourth- and eighth-graders. At α = 0.05 can a linear
Six cities are selected, and the number of daily passenger trips (in thousands) for subways and commuter rail service is obtained. At α = 0.05, is there a relationship between the variables? Suggest one reason why the transportation authority might use the results of this
In Chapter 10 it was demonstrated that there was a significant linear relationship between the numbers of releases that a motion picture studio put out and its gross receipts for the year. Is there a relationship between the two at the 0.05 level of significance?Perform these steps. a. Find the
Find the Spearman rank correlation coefficient for the following data, which represent the number of hospitals and nursing homes in each of seven randomly selected states. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there enough evidence to conclude that there is a correlation between the two?Perform
Use the Spearman rank correlation coefficient to see if there is a linear relationship between these two sets of data, representing the number of calories and the amount of cholesterol in fast-food sandwiches.Perform these steps. a. Find the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. b. State the
The median age for the total population of the state of Maine is 41.2, the highest in the nation. The mayor of a particular city believes that his population is considerably €œyounger€ and that the median age there is 36 years. At α = 0.05, is there sufficient
A statistics instructor wishes to see whether there is a relationship between the number of homework exercises a student completes and her or his exam score. The data are shown here. Using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, test the hypothesis that there is no relationship at
Shown below is the average number of viewers for 10 television shows for two consecutive years. At α = 0.05, is there a relationship between the number of viewers?Follow this procedure: a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim. b. Find the critical value(s). c. Compute the test
A bookstore has a display of sale books arranged on shelves in the store window. A combination of hardbacks (H) and paperbacks (P) is arranged as follows. Test for randomness at α = 0.05. H H H P P P P H P H P H H H H P P P P P H H P P P H P P P P P P Follow this procedure: a. State the hypotheses
An instructor wishes to see whether grades of students who finish an exam occur at random. Shown here are the grades of 30 students in the order that they finished an exam. (Read from left to right across each row, and then proceed to the next row.) Test for randomness, at α = 0.05.Follow this
A tire manufacturer claims that the median lifetime of a certain brand of truck tires is 40,000 miles. A sample of 30 tires shows that 12 lasted longer than 40,000 miles. Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at α = 0.05? Use the sign test. Follow this procedure: a. State the hypotheses and
A grocery store chain has decided to help customers save money by instituting €œtemporary repricing€ to help cut costs. Nine products from the sale flyer are featured below with their regular price and their €œtemporary€ new price. Using the paired sample
Shown here are the record high temperatures for Dawson Creek in British Columbia, Canada, and for Whitehorse in Yukon, Canada, for 12 months. Using the Wilcoxon rank sum test at α = 0.05, do you find a difference in the record high temperatures? Use the P-value method.Follow this
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