New Semester
Started
Get
50% OFF
Study Help!
--h --m --s
Claim Now
Question Answers
Textbooks
Find textbooks, questions and answers
Oops, something went wrong!
Change your search query and then try again
S
Books
FREE
Study Help
Expert Questions
Accounting
General Management
Mathematics
Finance
Organizational Behaviour
Law
Physics
Operating System
Management Leadership
Sociology
Programming
Marketing
Database
Computer Network
Economics
Textbooks Solutions
Accounting
Managerial Accounting
Management Leadership
Cost Accounting
Statistics
Business Law
Corporate Finance
Finance
Economics
Auditing
Tutors
Online Tutors
Find a Tutor
Hire a Tutor
Become a Tutor
AI Tutor
AI Study Planner
NEW
Sell Books
Search
Search
Sign In
Register
study help
business
business statistics communicating
Essential Statistics Exploring The World Through Data 2nd Global Edition Robert Gould, Colleen N. Ryan, Rebecca Wong - Solutions
5.107 GSS: Political Party The General Social Survey (GSS) is a survey done nearly every year at the University of Chicago. One survey, summarized in the table, asked each respondent to report her or his political party affiliation and whether she or he was liberal, moderate, or conservative. (Dem
5.106 Soda A soda-bottling plant has a flaw in that 20% of the bottles it fills do not have enough soda in them. The sodas are sold in six-packs. Follow these steps to carry out a simulation to find the probability that three or more bottles in a six-pack will not have enough soda.a. Identify the
5.105 Red Light/Green Light A busy street has three traffic lights in a row. These lights are not synchronized, so they run independently of each other. At any given moment, the probability that a light is green is 60%. Assuming that there is no traffic, follow the steps below to design a
5.104 Simulating Guessing on a True/False Test Perform a simulation of a student guessing on a true/false quiz with 10 questions.Use the same four lines of the random number table that are given for the preceding question. Write out each of the seven steps outlined in Section 5.4. Be sure to
5.103 Simulating Guessing on a Multiple-Choice Test Suppose a student takes a 10-question multiple-choice quiz, and for each question on the quiz there are five possible options.Only one option is correct. Now suppose the student, who did not study, guesses at random for each question. A passing
5.102 Law of Large Numbers A certain professional basketball player typically makes 80% of his basket attempts, which is considered to be good. Suppose you go to several games at which this player plays. Sometimes the player attempts only a few baskets, say 10. Other times, he attempts about 60. On
5.101╇ Law of Large Numbers╇ A famous study by Amos Tversky and Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman asked people to consider two hospitals. Hospital A is small and has 15 babies born per day. Hospital B has 45 babies born each day. Over one year, each hospital recorded the number of days
5.100╇ Construct a two-way table with 60 women and 80 men in which there is a higher percentage of right-handed women.
5.99╇ Construct a two-way table with 60 women and 80 men in which both groups show equal percentages of right-handedness.
5.98╇ Left-handedness╇ Let’s assume that around 13% of the total men and 6% of the total women in the world are left-handed.If we randomly select a person, are the event that the person is lefthanded and the event that the person is female independent?
5.97╇ UK Recidivism and Gender╇ Men return to prison at a higher rate than women (27.5% for men, compared to 19.1% for women) in the United Kingdom. For a randomly chosen prisoner, are the event that the person returns to prison and the event that the person is a woman independent?
5.96╇ California Recidivism╇ In California, the recidivism rate for prisoners is 67.5%. That is, 67.5% of those released from prison go back to prison within three years. This is one of the highest recidivism rates in the nation.a. Suppose two independent prisoners are released. What
5.95╇ Car Thefts╇ In a city, 28% of new cars were stolen within one year of purchase. Suppose two new cars were randomly selected. Assume that thefts are independent for the selected cars.a. What is the probability that both of these cars will be stolen?b. What is the probability that
5.94╇ Satisfaction with FDI╇ In a CRISIL Survey conducted in India in April 2003, laborers were asked, “Are you satisfied with the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the country?” In response, 62%of senior management, 48% of middle management, and 28% of wage earners said Yes.
5.93╇ Drinking Coffee╇ The data collected in 2011−2012 by Australian Bureau of Statistics asked whether people consumed coffee and coffee substitutes on a daily basis. The table gives the total number of people in each age range (rounded) and the percentage who said they consumed
5.92╇ Rich Happier: 1990╇ A Gallup poll asked, “Do you think that rich people in America today are happier than you, less happy, or about the same?” In 1990, 36% said less happy, 11% said happier, and 50% said about the same. The reason these don’t add up to 100% is that there
5.91╇ Rich Happier: 2012╇ A Gallup poll asked, “Do you think that rich people in America today are happier than you, less happy, or about the same?” In 2012, 27% said less happy, 11% said happier, and 57% said about the same. The reason these don’t add to 100% is that there were
5.90 Use of Seatbelts According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), about 87% of the total population of driving adults used seatbelts in 2014 (www.exchange.aaa.com). Suppose that Wilson and Dannis are randomly selected adults driving a car.a. What is the probability that
5.89 Marriage Anniversaries Suppose all the months of the year are equally likely as marriage anniversaries. Glen and Shahid are two randomly selected married males (unrelated).a. What is the probability that they were both married in August?b. What is the probability that Glen OR Shahid was
5.88 GPA The probability of a randomly selected person having a GPA of 8.5 or above in all subjects is 0.25.a. If two students are chosen randomly and independently, what is the probability that they both have a GPA of 8.5 or above?b. If two students are selected from the same high school
5.87 Internet Access A 2013 Pew poll said that 93% of young adults in the United States have Internet access. Assume that this is still correct.a. If two people are randomly selected, what is the probability that they both have Internet access?b. If the two people chosen were a married couple
5.86 Literacy in 2015 The UNESCO Institute for Statistics reported that the literacy rate in Zimbabwe was 88.5% for males and 84.6% for females. Suppose these are accurate percentages.Now suppose a random man and a random woman meet.a. What is the probability that both of them are literate?b. What
5.85 Horse Racing According to CNN statistics, in British flat racing, 63% of winning horses are males while 37% are females.Now suppose that one male and one female horse are selected.a. What is the probability that both the horses are race winners?b. What is the probability that neither of them
5.84 Independent Variables Use your general knowledge to label the following pairs of variables as independent or associated.Explain.a. For a sample of adults, gender and ring size.b. The outcome on rolls of two separate, fair dices.
5.83 Independent Variables Use your general knowledge to label the following pairs of variables as independent or associated.Explain.a. For a sample of artists, number of visitors visiting their art exhibitions and nationality of the artists.b. For a sample of horses, their breed and body weight.
5.82 Socialism According to a Pew poll conducted in 2012, 235 out of 489 Democrats viewed “Socialism” as positive. If one Democrat is randomly chosen from those 489, what is the probability that the person has a positive view of “Socialism”?
5.81 Capitalism According to a Pew poll conducted in 2012, 228 out of 380 Republicans viewed “Capitalism” as positive. If one Republican is randomly chosen from those 380, what is the probability that the person has a positive view of “Capitalism”?
5.80 Simulation: Six-Sided Diea. Explain how you could use a random number table to simulate rolling a fair six-sided die 20 times. Assume you wish to find the probability of rolling a 1. Then report a line or two of the random number table(or numbers generated by a computer or calculator) and the
5.79 Simulation: Four-Sided Diea. Explain how you could use a random number table (or the random numbers generated by software or a calculator) to simulate rolling a fair four-sided die 20 times. Assume you are interested in the probability of rolling a 1. Then report a line or two of the random
5.78 Eye Color Some estimates say that 60% of the population has brown eyes. We wish to design a simulation to find an empirical probability that if 10 babies are born on a single day, at least 6 will have brown eyes. Suppose we decide that the numbers 0−4 will represent babies with brown eyes
5.77 State Assembly A state assembly is supposed to represent the population. We wish to perform a simulation to determine an empirical probability that an assembly of 50 representatives has 25 or fewer males. Assume that about 50% of the population is male, so the probability that a person who has
5.76 LLN: Die The graph shows the average when a six-sided die is rolled repeatedly. For example, if the first two rolls resulted in a 6 and a 2, the average would be 4. If the next trial resulted in a 1, the new average would be (6 + 2 + 1)>3 = 3. Explain how the graph demonstrates the Law of
5.75 LLN: Card If you draw a card from a fair deck of cards and the first five draws (after replacement each time) are black cards, are you more likely to get a red card on the next draw, more likely to draw a black card again, or equally likely to get a red or a black card?
5.74 LLN: Organizations Consider two corporate organizations.The first organization has 124 employees and the second organization has 15 employees. Which of the two organizations is more likely to have between 40% and 60% female employees, assuming that both males and females have equal employment
5.73 Law of Large Numbers Alfred and David are rolling dice.Whoever rolls the lower number wins the bet. If both roll the same number (for example, both roll five), they try again. Alfred and David do this 100 times. Laura and June are doing the same thing but only 20 times. Is it Alfred or June
5.72 Coin Flips, Again Refer to the figure.a. After a large number of flips, the overall proportion of heads “settles down” to nearly what value?b. Approximately how many coin flips does it take before the proportion of heads settles down?c. What do we call the law that causes this settling
5.71 Coin Flips Imagine flipping a fair coin many times. Explain what should happen to the proportion of heads as the number of coin flips increases.
5.70 Law of Large Numbers The table shows the results of rolling a fair six-sided die.Outcome on Die 20 Trials 100 Trials 1000 Trials 1 8 20 167 2 4 23 167 3 5 13 161 4 1 13 166 5 2 16 172 6 0 15 167 Using the table, find the empirical probability of rolling a 1 for 20, 100, and 1000 trials. Report
5.69 Law of Large Numbers Refer to Histograms A, B, and C, which show the relative frequencies from experiments in which a fair six-sided die was rolled. One histogram shows the results for 20 rolls, one the results for 100 rolls, and another the results for 10,000 rolls. Which histogram do you
5.68 Simulationa. Explain how you could use digits from a random number table to simulate rolling a fair eight-sided die with outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 equally likely. Assume that you want to know the probability of getting a 1.b. Carry out your simulation, beginning with line 5 of the
5.67 Simulating Coin Flips (Example 17)a. Simulate flipping a coin 20 times. Use the line of random numbers below to obtain and report the resulting list of heads and tails. Use odd numbers (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) for heads and even numbers for tails(0, 2, 4, 6, 8).1 4 7 0 9 9 3 2 2 0 8 9 5 4 7 9 5 3 2 0b.
5.66 Replacement of Helmets Use of obsolete helmets by bikers in the United Kingdom in 2016 is estimated at 40%, which means 40% of bikers use helmets that have become obsolete.Suppose two independent bikers have been randomly selected.a. What is the probability that neither of them is using
5.65 Recidivism (Example 16) Norway’s recidivism rate is one of the lowest in the world at 20%. This means that about 20% of released prisoners end up back in prison (within three years). Suppose three randomly selected prisoners who have been released are studied.a. What is the probability that
5.64 Babies Assume that babies born are equally likely to be boys (B) or girls (G). Assume a woman has 6 children, none of whom are twins. Which sequence is more likely? Explain.Sequence A: GGGGGG Sequence B: GGGBBB
5.63 Die Sequences (Example 15) Roll a fair six-sided die five times, and record the number of spots on top. Which sequence is more likely? Explain.Sequence A: 66666 Sequence B: 16643
5.62 Die Imagine rolling a fair six-sided die three times.a. What is the theoretical probability that all three rolls of the die show a 1 on top?b. What is the theoretical probability that the first roll of the die shows a 6 AND the next two rolls both show a 1 on the top.
5.61 Coin (Example 14) Imagine flipping three fair coins.a. What is the theoretical probability that all three come up heads?b. What is the theoretical probability that the first toss is tails AND the next two are heads?
5.60 Happiness Using the table in Exercise 5.59, determine whether being unhappy is independent of disagreeing with the statement for this sample.
5.59 Happiness and Traditional Views (Example 13) In the 2012 General Social Survey (GSS), people were asked about their happiness and were also asked whether they agreed with the following statement: “In a marriage the husband should work, and the wife should take care of the home.” The table
5.58 Dice When two dice are rolled, is the event “the first die shows a 1 on top” independent of the event “the second die shows a 1 on top”?
5.57 Hand Folding (Example 12) When people fold their hands together with interlocking fingers, most people are more comfortable with one of two ways. In one way, the right thumb ends up on top and in the other way, the left thumb is on top. The table shows the data from one group of people. M
5.56 College Poll Assume a person is selected randomly from the group of people represented in the table in Exercise 5.47. The probability that the person says Yes given that the person is a woman is 577>722, or 79.9%. The probability that the person is a woman given that the person says Yes is
5.55 College Poll (Example 11) Refer to the table in Exercise 5.47. Suppose a person is randomly selected from this group. Is being female independent of answering YES?
5.54 Independent? Shoe sizes typically range from 4 to 12.Based on what you know about gender differences, if we randomly select a person, are the event that the shoe size is smaller than 6 and the event that the person is female independent or associated?Explain.
5.53 Independent? About 12% of boys and 19% of girls in a school wear glasses. If we select a student at random, are the event that the student is a girl and the event that the student wears spectacles independent or associated?
5.52 Independent? Suppose a person is chosen at random. Use your knowledge about literacy to decide whether the event that the person is above 20 years of age and the event that the person is illiterate are independent or associated? Explain.
5.51 Independent? Suppose a person is chosen at random.Use your understanding of commercial vehicle driving to decide whether the event that the person holds a valid commercial driving license and the event that the person drives a cab are independent or associated? Explain.
5.50 College Poll Use the data given in Exercise 5.47.a. Find the probability that a randomly chosen person was female given that the person said Yes. In other words, what percentage of the people who said Yes were female?b. Find the probability that a randomly chosen person who reported being
5.49 College Poll (Example 10) Use the data given in Exercise 5.47.a. Find the probability that a randomly chosen person said Yes given that the person is female. In other words, what percentage of the females said Yes?b. Find the probability that a randomly chosen person said Yes given that the
5.48 College Poll A person is selected randomly from the entire group whose responses are summarized in the table for Exercise 5.47. We want to find the probability that the person selected is a male who said yes. Which of the following statements best describes the problem?i. P(Yes|Male)ii.
5.47 College Poll Again: Is College Worth It? (Example 9)No Unsure Yes All Female 45 100 577 722 Male 56 96 401 553 All 101 196 978 1275 A person is selected randomly from the men in the group whose responses are summarized in the table. We want to find the probability that a male said Yes. Which
5.46 True or False Exam A true/false exam consists of 50 questions.Each of the questions can be answered as either true or false.Suppose that the probability of getting fewer than 20 answers correct is 0.24 and the probability of getting 20 to 40 answers correct is 0.64. Find the probability of
5.45 Online Test An online test consists of 20 multiple-choice questions. Each of the 20 answers is either right or wrong. Suppose the probability that an examinee gets fewer than 5 answers correct is 0.42 and the probability that an examinee gets from 5 to 12 (inclusive)answers correct is 0.38.
5.44╇ Thumbtacks╇ When a certain type of thumbtack is tossed, the probability that it lands tip up is 60%, and the probability that it lands tip down is 40%. All possible outcomes when two thumbtacks are tossed are listed. U means the tip is Up, and D means the tip is
5.43╇ Thumbtacks╇ When a certain type of thumbtack is tossed, the probability that it lands tip up is 60%. All possible outcomes when two thumbtacks are tossed are listed. U means the tip is up, and D means the tip is down.UU╅╅UD╅╅DU╅╅DDa.
5.42╇ “AND” and “OR”╇ Considering all the employees of a company, which group is larger: employees coming late OR leaving early or employees coming late AND leaving early?
5.41╇ “AND” and “OR”╇ Considering all the students in a college, which group is larger: students who can sing AND dance or students who can sing OR dance?
5.40╇ “AND” and “OR”╇ Assume that we are talking about all residents in a colony.a. Which group is larger: residents having children below 10 years OR children above 10 years, or residents having children below 10 years?b. Which group is larger: residents having children below
5.39╇ “AND” and “OR”╇ Consider these categories of players, assuming that we are talking about all the players in a national cricket team:Category 1: Players who can bat AND bowl well.Category 2: Players who can only bat well.Category 3: Players who can only bowl well.Category
5.38╇ Education╇ The children of a locality go to primary school, middle school, and high school. Suppose that 38% go to primary school and 42% go to middle school. What percentage of children go to high school?
5.37╇ Driving License╇ Suppose that according to transport authority, adults are classified as having a regular driving license, having a temporary/learner’s license, and not having a driving license. In a city, 78% of the adults had a regular driving license and 14% did not have a
5.36╇ Changing Multiple-Choice Answers╇ One of the authors did a survey to determine the effect of students changing answers while taking a multiple-choice test on which there is only one �correct answer for each question. Some students erase their initial choice and replace it
5.35╇ Grades╇ Assume that the only grades possible in a history course are A, B, C, and lower than C. The probability that a randomly selected student will get an A in a certain history course is 0.18, the probability that a student will get a B in the course is 0.25, and the
5.34╇ Roll a Die╇ Roll a fair six-sided die.a. What is the probability that the die shows an odd number OR a number greater than 5 on top?b. What is the probability that the die shows an odd number OR a number greater than 4 on top?
5.33╇ Fair Die (Example 8)╇ Roll a fair six-sided die.a. What is the probability that the die shows an odd number OR a number less than 3 on top?b. What is the probability that the die shows an odd number OR a number less than 2 on top?
5.32╇ “OR” for Dinner╇ Suppose a family says the probability that they will dine out on Friday is 60% and the probability that they will dine out on Saturday is 80%. From this information, is it possible to find the probability that the family will dine out on Friday OR Saturday
5.31╇ “OR” for Farmers╇ In a village, the percentage of farmers who use chemical fertilizers is 80%. About 60% of the farmers practice crop rotation. From this information, is it possible to find the percentage of farmers who use chemical fertilizers OR crop rotation (or both)?
5.30╇ Mutually Exclusive╇ Suppose a student is selected at random in a college. Label each pair of events as mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive.a. The student is specializing in finance; the student is specializing in computers.b. The student gets a distinction; the student
5.29╇ Mutually Exclusive╇ Suppose a student is selected at random in a college. Label each pair of events as mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive.a. The student studies economics; the student studies statistics.b. The student is pursuing a graduate degree; the student is
5.28╇ College Poll: Not Mutually Exclusive╇ Refer to the table given in Exercise 5.19. Suppose we select one person at �random from this group. Name a pair of events that are not mutually exclusive.
5.27╇ College Poll: Mutually Exclusive (Example 7)╇ Referring to the table given in Exercise 5.19, name a pair of mutually exclusive events that could result when one person was selected at random from the entire group.
5.26╇ College Poll: OR Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19.If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person is female OR said No (or both)?
5.25 College Poll: “OR” (Example 6) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person is male OR said Yes (or both)? The question was whether college was worth the financial investment. See page 269 for guidance.
5.24 College Poll: OR Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19.a. If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person is male OR female?b. Are the events being male and being female complementary? Explain.
5.23 College Poll: “OR” (Example 5) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19.a. If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person said Yes OR No?b. Are saying Yes and saying No complementary in this data set? Explain.
5.22 College Poll: “AND” Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person is male AND said No?
5.21 College Poll: “AND” (Example 4) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen randomly from the group, what is the probability that the person is female AND said Yes?
5.20 College Poll Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19.a. If a person is chosen randomly, what is the probability that the person is female?b. If a person is chosen randomly, what is the probability that the person said No?
5.19 College Poll A StatCrunch poll asked people if college was worth the financial investment. They also asked the respondent’s gender. The table shows a summary of the responses. (Source:StatCrunch: Responses to Is college worth it? Owner: scsurvey)No Unsure Yes All Female 45 100 577 722 Male
5.18 Playing Cards If one card is selected from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards, what is the probability that the card will be a club OR a diamond OR a heart? What is the probability of the complement of this event? (Refer to Exercise 5.11 for information about cards.)
5.17 Anniversary What is the probability that the anniversary of a randomly selected couple will fall on a weekday if all the days of the week are equally likely?
5.16 Three Coins The sample shows the possible sequences for flipping three fair coins or flipping one coin three times, where H stands for heads and T stands for tails.HHH HHT HTT TTT HTH THT THH TTH Assume that all of the 8 outcomes are equally likely. Find the probability of having exactly the
5.15 Four Children (Example 3) The sample space given here shows all possible sequences for a family with 4 children, where B stands for boy and G stands for girl.GGGG GGGB GGBB GBBB BBBB GGBG GBGB BGBB GBGG GBBG BBGB BGGG BGGB BBBG BGBG BBGG Assume that all of the 16 outcomes are equally likely.
5.14 Guessing on Balls Consider a bag containing five balls of different colors (green, blue, red, white, and yellow) for each of these questions.a. What is the probability of guessing the draw of a blue ball if a ball is to be drawn only once?b. What is the probability of guessing the draw of any
5.13 Guessing on Testsa. On a true/false quiz in which you are guessing, what is the probability of guessing correctly on one question?b. What is the probability that a guess on one true/false question will be incorrect?
5.12 Playing Cards Refer to Exercise 5.11 for information about cards. If you draw 1 card randomly from a standard 52-card playing deck, what is the probability that it will be:a. A black card?b. A diamond?c. A face card (jack, queen, or king)?d. A nine?e. A king or queen?
5.11 Playing Cards (Example 2) There are four suits: clubs( ), diamonds ( ), hearts ( ), and spades ( ), and the following cards appear in each suit: ace, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, jack, queen, king. The jack, queen, and king are called face cards because they have a drawing of a face on them.
5.10 Which of the following numbers could not be probabilities, and why?a. 38.4b. 3.84%c. 23.84d. 384%e. 0.00384
5.9 Which of the following numbers could not be probabilities, and why?a. 20.85b. 8.50c. 8.5%d. 0.85e. 850%
5.8 Random Assignment of Professors A study randomly assigned students attending the Air Force Academy to different professors for Calculus I, with equal numbers of students assigned to each professor. Some professors were experienced, and some were relatively inexperienced. Suppose the names of
Showing 300 - 400
of 6020
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Last
Step by Step Answers
Get 50% OFF
Claim Now
