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essentials of statistics

Essentials Of Statistics For Business And Economics 5th Edition David R. Anderson, Dennis J. Sweeney, Thomas A. Williams - Solutions

9. A 2003 New York Times/CBS News poll sampled 523 adults who were planning a vacation during the next six months and found that 141 were expecting to travel by airplane (New York Times News Service, March 2, 2003). A similar survey question in a May 1993 New York Times/CBS News poll found that of
8. Chicago O’Hare and Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson are the two busiest airports in the United States. The congestion often leads to delayed flight arrivals as well as delayed flight departures. The Bureau of Transportation tracks the on-time and delayed performance at major airports (Travel &
7. Slot machines are the favorite game at casinos throughout the United States (Harrah’s Survey 2002: Profile of the American Gambler). The following sample data show the number of women and number of men who selected slot machines as their favorite game.a. What is the point estimate of the
6. An American Automobile Association (AAA) study investigated the question of whether a man or a woman was more likely to stop and ask for directions (AAA, January 2006). The situation referred to in the study stated the following: “If you and your spouse are driving together and become lost,
5. In recent years, the number of people who use the Internet to obtain political news has grown. Often the political Web sites ask Internet users to register their opinions by participating in online surveys. Pew Research Center conducted a survey of its own to learn about the participation of
4. The Professional Golf Association (PGA) measured the putting accuracy of professional golfers playing on the PGA Tour and the best amateur golfers playing in the World Amateur Championship (Golf Magazine, January 2007). A sample of 1075 6-foot putts by professional golfers found 688 made putts.
3. Consider the hypothesis test The following results are for independent samples taken from the two populations?
2. Consider the following hypothesis test.H0: p1 p2 0 Ha: p1 p2 0 The following results are for independent samples taken from the two populations.
1. Consider the following results for independent samples taken from two populations.z (p¯1 p¯2)p¯(1 p¯)1 n11 n2 (.14 .09).1127(1 .1127)1 2501 300 1.85 p¯ n1 p¯1 n2 p¯2 n1 n2 250(.14) 300(.09)250 300 .1127 p¯p¯H0:Ha:p1 p2 0 p1 p2 0 Sample 1 Sample 2 n1 400 n2
49. In a study conducted to investigate browsing activity by shoppers, each shopper was initially classified as a nonbrowser, light browser, or heavy browser. For each shopper, the study obtained a measure to determine how comfortable the shopper was in a store. Higher scores indicated greater
48. Three different assembly methods have been proposed for a new product. A completely randomized experimental design was chosen to determine which assembly method results in the greatest number of parts produced per hour, and 30 workers were randomly selected and assigned to use one of the
47. Business 2.0’s first annual employment survey provided data showing the typical annual salary for 97 different jobs. The following data show the annual salary for 30 different jobs
46. Money magazine reports percentage returns and expense ratios for stock and bond funds.The following data are the expense ratios for 10 midcap stock funds, 10 small-cap stock funds, 10 hybrid stock funds, and 10 specialty stock funds (Money, March 2003).Use α .05 to test for any significant
45. A study reported in the Journal of Small Business Management concluded that selfemployed individuals do not experience higher job satisfaction than individuals who are not self-employed. In this study, job satisfaction is measured using 18 items, each of which is rated using a Likert-type scale
44. Typical prices of single-family homes in the state of Florida are shown for a sample of 15 metropolitan areas (Naples Daily News, February 23, 2003). Data are in thousands of dollars.a. Use a matched-sample analysis to develop a point estimate of the population mean one-year increase in the
43. The National Association of Home Builders provided data on the cost of the most popular home remodeling projects. Sample data on cost in thousands of dollars for two types of remodeling projects are as follows.a. Develop a point estimate of the difference between the population mean remodeling
42. Mutual funds are classified as load or no-load funds. Load funds require an investor to pay an initial fee based on a percentage of the amount invested in the fund. The no-load funds do not require this initial fee. Some financial advisors argue that the load mutual funds may be worth the extra
41. Three-megapixel digital cameras are typically the lightest, most compact, and easiest to use. However, if you plan to enlarge or crop images, you will probably want to spend more for a higher-resolution model. The following shows sample prices of five-megapixel and three-megapixel digital
40. Safegate Foods, Inc., is redesigning the checkout lanes in its supermarkets throughout the country and is considering two designs. Tests on customer checkout times conducted at two stores where the two new systems have been installed result in the following summary of the data.
39. How much is the cost of a hospital stay increasing? The mean cost of one day in a semiprivate room was reported to be $4848 in 2005 and $5260 in 2006 (The Wall Street Journal, January 2, 2007). Assume the estimate for 2005 is a sample mean based on a sample size of 80 and the estimate for 2006
38. Awell-known automotive magazine took three top-of-the-line midsize automobiles manufactured in the United States, test-drove them, and compared them on a variety of criteria.In the area of gasoline mileage performance, five automobiles of each brand were each test-driven 500 miles; the miles
37. Four different paints are advertised as having the same drying time. To check the manufacturer’s claims, five samples were tested for each of the paints. The time in minutes until the paint was dry enough for a second coat to be applied was recorded. The following data were obtained.At the α
36. Auditors must make judgments about various aspects of an audit on the basis of their own direct experience, indirect experience, or a combination of the two. In a study, auditors were asked to make judgments about the frequency of errors to be found in an audit. The judgments by the auditors
35. To study the effect of temperature on yield in a chemical process, five batches were produced at each of three temperature levels. The results follow. Construct an analysis of variance table. Use a .05 level of significance to test whether the temperature level has an effect on the mean yield
34. Refer to the NCP data in Table 10.6. Set up the ANOVA table and test for any significant difference in the mean examination score for the three plants. Use α .05.
33. Three different methods for assembling a product were proposed by an industrial engineer.To investigate the number of units assembled correctly with each method, 30 employees were randomly selected and randomly assigned to the three proposed methods in such a way that each method was used by 10
32. Develop the analysis of variance computations for the following completely randomized design. At α .05, is there a significant difference between the treatment means?
31. In a completely randomized design, 12 experimental units were used for the first treatment, 15 for the second treatment, and 20 for the third treatment. Complete the following analysis of variance. At a .05 level of significance, is there a significant difference between the treatments?
30. In an experiment designed to test the output levels of three different treatments, the following results were obtained: SST 400, SSTR 150, nT 19. Set up the ANOVA table and test for any significant difference between the mean output levels of the three treatments. Use α .05.
29. Refer to exercise 28.a. What hypotheses are implied in this problem?b. At the α .05 level of significance, can we reject the null hypothesis in part (a)? Explain.
28. In a completely randomized design, seven experimental units were used for each of the five levels of the factor. Complete the following ANOVA table.Source Sum Degrees Mean of Variation of Squares of Freedom Square F p-value Treatments 300 Error Total 460
27. The following data are from a completely randomized design.10.5 Analysis of Variance and the Completely Randomized Design 413 Exercise 34 will ask you to analyze the NCP data using the analysis of variance procedure.SELF test Treatment ABC 162 142 126 142 156 122 165 124 138 145 142 140 148 136
26. StreetInsider.com reported 2002 earnings per share data for a sample of major companies(February 12, 2003). Prior to 2002, financial analysts predicted the 2002 earnings per share for these same companies (Barron’s, September 10, 2001). Use the following data to comment on differences between
25. In recent years, a growing array of entertainment options competes for consumer time. By 2004, cable television and radio surpassed broadcast television, recorded music, and the daily newspaper to become the two entertainment media with the greatest usage (The Wall Street Journal, January 26,
24. Airline travelers often choose which airport to fly from based on flight cost. Cost data (in dollars) for a sample of flights to eight cities from Dayton, Ohio, and Louisville, Kentucky, were collected to help determine which of the two airports was more costly to fly from(The Cincinnati
23. Bank of America’s Consumer Spending Survey collected data on annual credit card charges in seven different categories of expenditures: transportation, groceries, dining out, household expenses, home furnishings, apparel, and entertainment (U.S. Airways Attaché, December 2003). Using data
22. Per-share earnings data comparing the current quarter’s earnings with the previous quarter are in the CD file entitled Earnings2005 (The Wall Street Journal, January 27, 2006).Provide a 95% confidence interval estimate of the difference between the population mean for the current quarter
21. A market research firm used a sample of individuals to rate the purchase potential of a particular product before and after the individuals saw a new television commercial about the product. The purchase potential ratings were based on a 0 to 10 scale, with higher values indicating a higher
20. The following data are from matched samples taken from two populations.a. Compute the difference value for each element.b. Compute .c. Compute the standard deviation sd.d. What is the point estimate of the difference between the two population means?e. Provide a 95% confidence interval for the
19. Consider the following hypothesis test.The following data are from matched samples taken from two populations?
18. Educational testing companies provide tutoring, classroom learning, and practice tests in an effort to help students perform better on tests such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). The test preparation companies claim that their courses will improve SAT score performances by an average of
17. Periodically, Merrill Lynch customers are asked to evaluate Merrill Lynch financial consultants and services (2000 Merrill Lynch Client Satisfaction Survey). Higher ratings on the client satisfaction survey indicate better service, with 7 the maximum service rating.Independent samples of
16. The College Board provided comparisons of Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores based on the highest level of education attained by the test taker’s parents. A research hypothesis was that students whose parents had attained a higher level of education would on average score higher on the
15. Injuries to Major League Baseball players have been increasing in recent years. For the period 1992 to 2001, league expansion caused Major League Baseball rosters to increase 15%.However, the number of players being put on the disabled list due to injury increased 32%over the same period (USA
14. Are nursing salaries in Tampa, Florida, lower than those in Dallas, Texas? Salary.com provided salary data showing staff nurses in Tampa earn less than staff nurses in Dallas(The Tampa Tribune, January 15, 2007). Suppose that in a follow-up study of 40 staff nurses in Tampa and 50 staff nurses
13. FedEx and United Parcel Service (UPS) are the world’s two leading cargo carriers by volume and revenue (The Wall Street Journal,January 27, 2004). According to the Airports Council International, the Memphis International Airport (FedEx) and the Louisville International Airport (UPS) are two
12. The U.S. Department of Transportation provides the number of miles that residents of the 75 largest metropolitan areas travel per day in a car. Suppose that for a simple random sample of 50 Buffalo residents the mean is 22.5 miles a day and the standard deviation is 8.4 miles a day, and for an
11. Consider the following data for two independent random samples taken from two normal populations.Sample 1 10 7 13 7 9 8 Sample 2 87 8469a. Compute the two sample means.b. Compute the two sample standard deviations.c. What is the point estimate of the difference between the two population
10. Consider the following hypothesis test.The following results are from independent samples taken from two populations.H0:Ha:μ1 μ2 0μ1 μ2 0a. What is the value of the test statistic?b. What is the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?c. What is the p-value?d. At α .05, what is your
9. The following results are for independent random samples taken from two populations.a. What is the point estimate of the difference between the two population means?b. What is the degrees of freedom for the t distribution?c. At 95% confidence, what is the margin of error?d. What is the 95%
8. Arnold Palmer and Tiger Woods are two of the best golfers to ever play the game. To show how these two golfers would compare if both were playing at the top of their game, the following sample data provide the results of 18-hole scores during a PGA tournament competition. Palmer’s scores are
7. During the 2003 season, Major League Baseball took steps to speed up the play of baseball games in order to maintain fan interest (CNN Headline News, September 30, 2003).The following results come from a sample of 60 games played during the summer of 2002 and a sample of 50 games played during
6. The nation’s 40,000 mortgage brokerages are some of the most profitable small businesses in the United States. These low-profile companies find loans for customers in exchange for commissions. Mortgage Bankers Association of America provides data on the average size of loans handled by
5. The average expenditure on Valentine’s Day was expected to be $100.89 (USA Today, February 13, 2006). Do male and female consumers differ in the amounts they spend?The average expenditure in a sample survey of 40 male consumers was $135.67, and the average expenditure in a sample survey of 30
4. Gasoline prices reached record high levels in 16 states during 2003 (The Wall Street Journal, March 7, 2003). Two of the affected states were California and Florida. The American Automobile Association reported a sample mean price of $2.04 per gallon in California and a sample mean price of
3. Consider the following hypothesis test.The following results are for two independent samples taken from the two populations.
2. Consider the following hypothesis test.The following results are for two independent samples taken from the two populations.
1. The following results come from two independent random samples taken of two populations.a. What is the point estimate of the difference between the two population means?b. Provide a 90% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means.c. Provide a 95% confidence interval
59. According to the federal government, 24% of workers covered by their company’s health care plan were not required to contribute to the premium (Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006). A recent study found that 81 out of 400 workers sampled were not required to contribute to their
58. A radio station in Myrtle Beach announced that at least 90% of the hotels and motels would be full for the Memorial Day weekend. The station advised listeners to make reservations in advance if they planned to be in the resort over the weekend. On Saturday night a sample of 58 hotels and motels
57. During the 2004 election year, new polling results were reported daily. In an IBD/TIPP poll of 910 adults, 503 respondents reported that they were optimistic about the national outlook, and President Bush’s leadership index jumped 4.7 points to 55.3 (Investor’s Business Daily, January 14,
56. Virtual call centers are staffed by individuals working out of their homes. Most home agents earn $10 to $15 per hour without benefits versus $7 to $9 per hour with benefits at a traditional call center (BusinessWeek, January 23, 2006). Regional Airways is considering employing home agents, but
55. An airline promotion to business travelers is based on the assumption that two-thirds of business travelers use a laptop computer on overnight business trips.a. State the hypotheses that can be used to test the assumption.b. What is the sample proportion from an American Express sponsored
54. A study by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) found that 23.3% of adults are smokers and that roughly 70% of those who do smoke indicate that they want to quit (Associated Press, July 26, 2002). CDC reported that, of people who smoked at some point in their lives, 50% have been able to kick
53. The U.S. Energy Administration reported that the mean price for a gallon of regular gasoline in the United States was $2.357 (U.S. Energy Administration, January 30, 2006). Data for a sample of regular gasoline prices at 50 service stations in the Lower Atlantic states are contained in the data
52. The chamber of commerce of a Florida Gulf Coast community advertises that area residential property is available at a mean cost of $125,000 or less per lot. Suppose a sample of 32 properties provided a sample mean of $130,000 per lot and a sample standard deviation of $12,500. Use a .05 level
51. An extensive study of the cost of health care in the United States presented data showing that the mean spending per Medicare enrollee in 2003 was $6883 (Money, Fall 2003). To investigate differences across the country, a researcher took a sample of 40 Medicare enrollees in Indianapolis. For
50. The College Board reported that the average number of freshman class applications to public colleges and universities is 6000 (USA Today, December 26, 2002). During a recent application/enrollment period, a sample of 32 colleges and universities showed that the sample mean number of freshman
49. On Friday, Wall Street traders were anxiously awaiting the federal government’s release of numbers on the January increase in nonfarm payrolls. The early consensus estimate among economists was for a growth of 250,000 new jobs (CNBC, February 3, 2006). However, a sample of 20 economists taken
48. Playbill is a magazine distributed around the country to people attending musicals and other theatrical productions. The mean annual household income for the population of Playbill readers is $119,155 (Playbill, January 2006). Assume the standard deviation is s $20,700. A San Francisco civic
47. At Western University the historical mean of scholarship examination scores for freshman applications is 900. A historical population standard deviation σ 180 is assumed known.Each year, the assistant dean uses a sample of applications to determine whether the mean examination score for the
46. A production line operates with a mean filling weight of 16 ounces per container. Overfilling or underfilling presents a serious problem and when detected requires the operator to shut down the production line to readjust the filling mechanism. From past data, a population standard deviation σ
45. Many investors and financial analysts believe the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)provides a good barometer of the overall stock market. On January 31, 2006, 9 of the 30 stocks making up the DJIA increased in price (The Wall Street Journal, February 1, 2006). On the basis of this fact, a
44. In a cover story, BusinessWeek published information about sleep habits of Americans(BusinessWeek, January 26, 2004). The article noted that sleep deprivation causes a number of problems, including highway deaths. Fifty-one percent of adult drivers admit to driving while drowsy. A researcher
43. Eagle Outfitters is a chain of stores specializing in outdoor apparel and camping gear. They are considering a promotion that involves mailing discount coupons to all their credit card customers. This promotion will be considered a success if more than 10% of those receiving the coupons use
42. According to the University of Nevada Center for Logistics Management, 6% of all merchandise sold in the United States gets returned (BusinessWeek, January 15, 2007). A Houston department store sampled 80 items sold in January and found that 12 of the items were returned.a. Construct a point
41. Speaking to a group of analysts in January 2006, a brokerage firm executive claimed that at least 70% of investors are currently confident of meeting their investment objectives. A UBS Investor Optimism Survey, conducted over the period January 2 to January 15, found that 67% of investors were
40. Before the 2003 Super Bowl, ABC predicted that 22% of the Super Bowl audience would express an interest in seeing one of its forthcoming new television shows, including 8 Simple Rules, Are You Hot?, and Dragnet. ABC ran commercials for these television shows during the Super Bowl. The day after
39. The National Center for Health Statistics released a report that stated 70% of adults do not exercise regularly (Associated Press, April 7, 2002). A researcher decided to conduct a study to see whether the claim made by the National Center for Health Statistics differed on a state-by-state
38. A study by Consumer Reports showed that 64% of supermarket shoppers believe supermarket brands to be as good as national name brands. To investigate whether this result applies to its own product, the manufacturer of a national name-brand ketchup asked a sample of shoppers whether they believed
37. A study found that, in 2005, 12.5% of U.S. workers belonged to unions (The Wall Street Journal, January 21, 2006). Suppose a sample of 400 U.S. workers is collected in 2006 to determine whether union efforts to organize have increased union membership.a. Formulate the hypotheses that can be
36. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 300 items was selected. Compute the p-value and state your conclusion for each of the following sample results. Use α .05.a. .68c. .70b. p¯ .72d. p¯ .77
35. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 400 provided a sample proportion .175.a. Compute the value of the test statistic.b. What is the p-value?c. At α .05, what is your conclusion?d. What is the rejection rule using the critical value? What is your conclusion?
34. Joan’s Nursery specializes in custom-designed landscaping for residential areas. The estimated labor cost associated with a particular landscaping proposal is based on the number of plantings of trees, shrubs, and so on to be used for the project. For costestimating purposes, managers use two
33. Annual per capita consumption of milk is 21.6 gallons (Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006). Being from the Midwest, you believe milk consumption is higher there and wish to support your opinion. A sample of 16 individuals from the midwestern town of Webster City showed a sample
32. According to the National Automobile Dealers Association, the mean price for used cars is $10,192. A manager of a Kansas City used car dealership reviewed a sample of 50 recent used car sales at the dealership in an attempt to determine whether the population mean price for used cars at this
31. Raftelis Financial Consulting reported that the mean quarterly water bill in the United States is $47.50 (U.S. News & World Report, August 12, 2002). Some water systems are operated by public utilities, whereas other water systems are operated by private companies. An economist pointed out that
30. AOL Time Warner Inc.’s CNN has been the longtime ratings leader of cable television news. Nielsen Media Research indicated that the mean CNN viewing audience was 600,000 viewers per day during 2002 (The Wall Street Journal, March 10, 2003). Assume that for a sample of 40 days during the first
29. The cost of a one-carat VS2 clarity, H color diamond from Diamond Source USA is $5600(http://www.diasource.com, March 2003). A midwestern jeweler makes calls to contacts in the diamond district of New York City to see whether the mean price of diamonds there differs from $5600.a. Formulate
28. A shareholders’ group, in lodging a protest, claimed that the mean tenure for a chief executive officer (CEO) was at least nine years. A survey of companies reported in The Wall Street Journal found a sample mean tenure of 7.27 years for CEOs with a standard deviation of s 6.38 years (The
27. The Employment and Training Administration reported the U.S. mean unemployment insurance benefit of $238 per week (The World Almanac, 2003). A researcher in the state of Virginia anticipated that sample data would show evidence that the mean weekly unemployment insurance benefit in Virginia was
26. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 65 is used. Identify the p-value and state your conclusion for each of the following sample results. Use α .05.a. 103 and s 11.5b. 96.5 and s 11.0c. 102 and s 10.5
25. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 36 is used. Identify the p-value and state your conclusion for each of the following sample results. Use α .01.a. 44 and s 5.2b. 43 and s 4.6c. x¯ 46 and s 5.0
24. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 48 provided a sample mean 17 and a sample standard deviation s 4.5.a. Compute the value of the test statistic.b. Use the t distribution table (Table 2 in Appendix B) to compute a range for the p-value.c. At α .05, what is your
23. Consider the following hypothesis test:A sample of 25 provided a sample mean 14 and a sample standard deviation s 4.32.a. Compute the value of the test statistic.b. Use the t distribution table (Table 2 in Appendix B) to compute a range for the p-value.c. At α .05, what is your
22. CCN and ActMedia provided a television channel targeted to individuals waiting in supermarket checkout lines. The channel showed news, short features, and advertisements. The length of the program was based on the assumption that the population mean time a shopper stands in a supermarket
21. Fowle Marketing Research, Inc., bases charges to a client on the assumption that telephone surveys can be completed in a mean time of 15 minutes or less. If a longer mean survey time is necessary, a premium rate is charged. A sample of 35 surveys provided the survey times shown in the CD file
19. In 2001, the U.S. Department of Labor reported the average hourly earnings for U.S. production workers to be $14.32 per hour (The World Almanac, 2003). A sample of 75 production workers during 2003 showed a sample mean of $14.68 per hour. Assuming the population standard deviation σ $1.45,
18. The average annual total return for U.S. Diversified Equity mutual funds from 1999 to 2003 was 4.1% (BusinessWeek, January 26, 2004). A researcher would like to conduct a hypothesis test to see whether the returns for mid-cap growth funds over the same period are significantly different from
17. Wall Street securities firms paid out record year-end bonuses of $125,500 per employee for 2005 (Fortune, February 6, 2006). Suppose we would like to take a sample of employees at the Jones & Ryan securities firm to see whether the mean year-end bonus is different from the reported mean of

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