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business
operations management 6th
Operations Management Sustainability And Supply Chain Management 13th Global Edition Jay Heizer, Barry Render, Chuck Munson - Solutions
Prepare the case for an optimistic sales manager that you should move ahead with the FMS now. LOP4
Why do you think major auto manufacturers do not build ambulances? LOP4
What is an alternative process strategy to the assembly line that Wheeled Coach currently uses? LOP4
Why is it more efficient for the work cells to prepare“ modules” and deliver them to the assembly line than it would be to produce the component (e.g., interior upholstery) on the line? LOP4
How does Wheeled Coach manage the tasks to be performed at each work station?1. Prepare a flowchart of the process a passenger’s bag follows from kiosk to destination carousel. (See Example 2 in Chapter 6 for a sample flowchart.) Include the exception process for the TSA opening of selected
Low-volume, high-variety processes are also known as:a) continuous processes.b) process focused.c) repetitive processes.d) product focused. LOP4
A crossover chart for process selection focuses on:a) labor costs.b) material cost.c) both labor and material costs.d) fixed and variable costs.e) fixed costs. LOP4
Tools for process analysis include all of the following except:a) flowchart.b) vision systems.c) service blueprinting.d) time-function mapping.e) value-stream mapping. LOP4
Customer feedback in process design is lower as:a) the degree of customization is increased.b) the degree of labor is increased.c) the degree of customization is lowered.d) both a and b.e) both b andc. LOP4
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) includes manufacturing systems that have:a) computer-aided design, direct numerical control machines, and material-handling equipment controlled by automation.b) transaction processing, a management information system, and decision support systems.c)
Explain the purpose of a control chart 279
Explain the role of the central limit theorem in SPC 280
Build x-charts and R-charts 281
List the five steps involved in building control charts 285
Build p-charts and c-charts 287
Explain process capability and compute Cp and Cpk 291
Explain acceptance sampling 294
List Shewhart’s two types of variation. What are they also called? L 0 1
Define “in statistical control.” L 0 1
Can the X-bar chart be used to see if the number of defectives in a production timeslot is randomly distributed? Explain. L 0 1
What might cause a process to be out of control? L 0 1
List some possible causes of assignable variation. L 0 1
Explain how a person using 2-sigma control charts will more easily find samples “out of bounds” than 3-sigma control charts. What are some possible consequences of this fact? L 0 1
When is the desired mean, m, used in establishing the centerline of a control chart instead of x? L 0 1
Why is a process termed “out of control” if it temporarily produces less defectives? L 0 1
In a control chart, what would be the effect on the control limits if the sample size varied from one sample to the next? L 0 1
Define Cpk and explain what a Cpk of 1.0 means. What is Cp? L 0 1
Even if the population distribution is not normal (e.g., beta or uniform), can the distribution of sample means be normal? L 0 1
What are the acceptable quality level (AQL) and the lot tolerance percentage defective (LTPD)? How are they used? L 0 1
What is a run test, and when is it used? L 0 1
Discuss the managerial issues regarding the use of control charts. L 0 1
What is a P-chart used for? L 0 1
What is the purpose of acceptance sampling? L 0 1
In the ideal world, we would like our processes to have a high process capability. Discuss. L 0 1
Is a capable process a perfect process? That is, does a capable process generate only output that meets specifications?Explain. L 0 1
Boxes of Honey-Nut Oatmeal are produced to contain 14 ounces, with a standard deviation of .1 ounce. Set up the 3-sigma x-chart for a sample size of 36 boxes. L 0 1
The overall average on a process you are attempting to monitor is 50 units. The process population standard deviation is 1.72. Determine the upper and lower control limits for a mean chart, if you choose to use a sample size of 5.a) Set z = 3.b) Now set z = 2. How do the control limits change?•
Rosters Chicken advertises “lite” chicken with 30%fewer calories than standard chicken. When the process for “lite”chicken breast production is in control, the average chicken breast contains 420 calories, and the standard deviation in caloric content of the chicken breast population is 25
Ross Hopkins is attempting to monitor a filling process that has an overall average of 705 mL. The average range is 6 mL. If you use a sample size of 10, what are the upper and lower control limits for the mean and range? L 0 1
Sampling four pieces of precision-cut wire (to be used in computer assembly) every hour for the past 24 hours has produced the following results:HOUR X R HOUR X R 1 3.25” .71” 13 3.11” .85”2 3.10 1.18 14 2.83 1.31 3 3.22 1.43 15 3.12 1.06 4 3.39 1.26 16 2.84 .50 5 3.07 1.17 17 2.86 1.43 6
Auto pistons at Wemming Chung’s plant in Shanghai are produced in a forging process, and the diameter is a critical factor that must be controlled. From sample sizes of 10 pistons produced each day, the mean and the range of this diameter have been as follows:DAY MEAN (MM) RANGE (MM)1 156.9 4.2 2
A. Choudhury’s bowling ball factory in Illinois makes bowling balls of adult size and weight only. The standard deviation in the weight of a bowling ball produced at the factory is known to be 0.12 pounds. Each day for 24 days, the average weight, in pounds, of nine of the bowling balls produced
Organic Grains LLC uses statistical process control to ensure that its health-conscious, low-fat, multigrain sandwich loaves have the proper weight. Based on a previously stable and in-control process, the control limits of the x- and R-charts are UCLx = 6.56. LCLx = 5.84, UCLR = 1.141, LCLR = 0.
A process that is considered to be in control measures an ingredient in ounces. Below are the last 10 samples (each of size n = 5) taken. The population process standard deviation, s, is 1.36.SAMPLES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 9 13 10 12 10 10 13 8 10 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 10 8 12 10 11 10 11 9 8 10 8 12
Twelve samples, each containing five parts, were taken from a process that produces steel rods at Emmanuel Kodzi’s factory. The length of each rod in the samples was determined.The results were tabulated and sample means and ranges were computed. The results were:SAMPLE SAMPLE MEAN (in.) RANGE
The defect rate for data entry of insurance claims at Sadegh Kazemi Insurance Co. has historically been about 1.5%.a) What are the upper and lower control chart limits if you wish to use a sample size of 100 and 3-sigma limits?b) What if the sample size used were 50, with 3s?c) What if the sample
You are attempting to develop a quality monitoring system for some parts purchased from Charles Sox Manufacturing Co. These parts are either good or defective. You have decided to take a sample of 100 units. Develop a table of the appropriate upper and lower control chart limits for various values
The results of an inspection of DNA samples taken over the past 10 days are given below. Sample size is 100.DAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DEFECTIVES 7 6 6 9 5 6 0 8 9 1a) Construct a 3-sigma p-chart using this information.b) Using the control chart in part (a), and finding that the number of defectives
In the past, the defective rate for your product has been 1.5%. What are the upper and lower control chart limits if you wish to use a sample size of 500 and z = 3? L 0 1
Refer to Problem S6.16. If the defective rate was 3.5%instead of 1.5%, what would be the control limits (z = 3)? L 0 1
Five data entry operators work at the data processing department of the Birmingham Bank. Each day for 30 days, the number of defective records in a sample of 250 records typed by these operators has been noted, as follows:SAMPLE NO.NO.DEFECTIVE SAMPLE NO.NO.DEFECTIVE SAMPLE NO.NO.DEFECTIVE 1 7 11
Houston North Hospital is trying to improve its image by providing a positive experience for its patients and their relatives. Part of the “image” program involves providing tasty, inviting patient meals that are also healthful. A questionnaire accompanies each meal served, asking the patient,
Jamison Kovach Supply Company manufactures paper clips and other office products. Although inexpensive, paper clips have provided the firm with a high margin of profitability. Sample size is 200. Results are given for the last 10 samples:SAMPLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DEFECTIVES 5 7 4 4 6 3 5 6 2 8a)
Peter Ittig’s department store, Ittig Brothers, is Amherst’s largest independent clothier. The store receives an average of six returns per day. Using z = 3, would 9 returns in a day warrant action? L 0 1
An ad agency tracks the complaints, by week received, about the billboards in its city:WEEK 1 2 3 4 5 6 NO. OF COMPLAINTS 4 5 4 11 3 9a) What type of control chart would you use to monitor this process? Why?b) What are the 3-sigma control limits for this process? Assume that the historical
The school board is trying to evaluate a new math program introduced to second-graders in five elementary schools across the county this year. A sample of the student scores on standardized math tests in each elementary school yielded the following data:SCHOOL A B C D E NO. OF TEST ERRORS 52 27 35
Telephone inquiries of 100 IRS “customers” are monitored daily at random by Xiangling Hu. Incidents of incorrect information or other nonconformities (such as impoliteness to customers) are recorded. The data for last week follow:DAY 1 2 3 4 5 NO. OF NONCONFORMITIES 5 10 23 20 15a) Construct a
The accounts receivable department at Rick Wing Manufacturing has been having difficulty getting customers to pay the full amount of their bills. Many customers complain that the bills are not correct and do not reflect the materials that arrived at their receiving docks. The department has decided
The overall average of a process you are attempting to monitor at Gihan Edirisinghe Motors is 75 units. The process standard deviation is 1.95, and the sample size is n = 10. What would be the upper and lower control limits for a 3-sigma control chart? L 0 1
The overall average of a process you are attempting to monitor at Feryal Erhun Enterprises is 50 units. The average range is 4 units. The sample size you are using is n = 5.a) What are the upper and lower control limits of the 3-sigma mean chart?b) What are the upper and lower control limits of the
Autopitch devices are made for both major- and minor-league teams to help them improve their batting averages.When set at the standard position, Autopitch can throw hardballs toward a batter at an average speed of 60 mph. To monitor these devices and to maintain the highest quality, Autopitch
A process at Amit Eynan Bottling Company that is considered in control measures liquid in ounces. Below are the last 12 samples taken. The sample size = 4.SAMPLES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 20.2 19.9 19.8 20.1 19.8 19.7 20.2 20.1 20.0 19.9 20.1 19.9 20.1 19.9 19.9 19.9 20.1 19.6 20.1 20.1 19.9 19.8
Your supervisor, Lisa Lehmann, has asked that you report on the output of a machine on the factory floor. This machine is supposed to be producing optical lenses with a mean weight of 50 grams and a range of 3.5 grams. The following table contains the data for a sample size of n = 6 taken during
A part at Belleh Fontem Manufacturing requires holes of size .5 { 0.01 inches. The drill bit has a stated size of.5 { 0.005 inches and wears at the rate of .00017 inches per hole drilled. Give the most and least number of holes that can be drilled with one drill bit before it has to be replaced. L
Microlaboratories has decided to develop a quality control program. The semiconductor parts that it gets from suppliers are either good or defective. The total number of semiconductors in every sample is 200. Determine the upper control chart limit and the lower control chart limit for various
The smallest defect in a computer chip will render the entire chip worthless. Therefore, tight quality control measures must be established to monitor these chips. In the past, the percent defective at Chieh Lee’s Computer Chips has been 1.1%. The sample size is 1,000. Determine upper and lower
Daily samples of 100 power drills are removed from the assembly line at Drills by Stergios Fotopoulos and inspected for defects. Over the past 21 days, the following information has been gathered. Develop a 3 standard deviation (99.73% confidence) p-chart and graph the samples. Is the process in
In order to monitor the allocation of patrol cars and other police resources, the local police chief, Timothy Kraft, collects data on the incidence of crime by city sector. The city is divided into ten sectors of 1000 residents each. The number of crime incidents reported last month in each sector
A process filling small bottles with baby formula has a target of 3 ounces {0.150 ounce. Two hundred bottles from the process were sampled. The results showed the average amount of formula placed in the bottles to be 3.042 ounces. The standard deviation of the amounts was 0.034 ounce. Determine the
A new process has just been established on Jianli Hu’s assembly line. The process is supposed to place 4 grams of a deep red coloring in each bottle of nail polish with an Upper Specification Limit of 4.1 grams and a Lower Specification Limit of 3.9 grams. Although the mean is 4 grams, the
Two machines are currently in use in a process at the Dennis Kira Mfg. Co. The standards for this process are LSL = .400" and USL = .403". Machine One is currently producing with mean = .401" and standard deviation .0004". Machine Two is currently producing with mean .4015" and standard deviation
Product specifications call for a part at Vaidy Jayaraman’s Metalworks to have a length of 1.000" { .040".Currently, the process is performing at a grand average of 1.000"with a standard deviation of 0.010". Calculate the capability index of this process. Is the process “capable”? L 0 1
The upper and lower design specification limits for a medical procedure performed by Dr. Muge Yayla Kallu are 15 minutes and 13 minutes, respectively. The process x = 14.5 minutes and s = .2 minutes. Compute the Cp and interpret its meaning.Problems S6.51–S6.55 relate to Acceptance Sampling L 0
An acceptance sampling plan has lots of 500 pieces and a sample size of 60. The number of defects in the sample may not exceed 2. This plan, based on an OC curve, has a probability of .57 of accepting lots when the incoming lots have a defective rate of 4%, which is the historical average for this
The percent defective from an incoming lot is 3%. An OC curve showed the probability of acceptance to be 0.55. Given a lot size of 2,000 and a sample of 100, determine the average outgoing quality in percent defective. L 0 1
In an acceptance sampling plan developed for lots containing 1,000 units, the sample size n is 85. The percent defective of the incoming lots is 2%, and the probability of acceptance is 0.64. What is the average outgoing quality? L 0 1
We want to determine the AOQ for an acceptance sampling plan when the quality of the incoming lots in percent defective is 1.5%, and then again when the incoming percent defective is 5%.The sample size is 80 units for a lot size of 550 units. Furthermore, Pa at 1.5% defective levels is 0.95. At 5%
What is your analysis of the bag-weight problem? L 0 1
What procedures would you recommend to maintain proper quality control? L 0 1
Angela is now going to evaluate a new salt process delivery system and wants to know if the upper and lower control limits at 3 standard deviations for the new system will meet the upper and lower control specifications noted earlier.The data (in percents) from the initial trial samples are: L 0
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Frito-Lay drivers stocking their customers’ shelves? L 0 1
Why is quality a critical function at Frito-Lay? L 0 1
How does Darden build quality into the supply chain? L 0 1
Select two potential problems—one in the Darden supply chain and one in a restaurant—that can be analyzed with a fish-bone chart. Draw a complete chart to deal with each problem. L 0 1
Darden applies SPC in many product attributes. Identify where these are probably used. L 0 1
The SPC chart on page 284 illustrates Darden’s use of control charts to monitor the weight of salmon filets. Given these data, what conclusion do you, as a Darden quality control inspector, draw? What report do you issue to your supervisor? How do you respond to the salmon vendor? L 0 1
The central limit theorem:a) is the theoretical foundation of the c-chart.b) states that the average of assignable variations is zero.c) allows managers to use the normal distribution as the basis for building some control charts.d) states that the average range can be used as a proxy for the
The type of chart used to control the central tendency of variables with continuous dimensions is:a) x-chart.b) R-chart.c) p-chart.d) c-chart. L 0 1 e) none of the above.
Control charts for attributes are:a) p-charts.b) c-charts.c) R-charts.d) x-charts.e) both a andb. L 0 1
The ability of a process to meet design specifications is called:a) Taguchi.b) process capability.c) capability index.d) acceptance sampling.e) average outgoing quality. L 0 1
The _______ risk is the probability that a lot will be rejected despite the quality level exceeding or meeting the _______ L 0 1
Describe corporate social responsibility 226
Describe sustainability 226
Explain the circular economy 229
Calculate design for disassembly 231
Explain the impact of sustainable regulations on operations 234
Why must companies practice corporate social responsibility? lop5
Find statements of sustainability for a well-known company online and analyze that firm’s policy. lop5
Explain sustainability. lop5
Discuss the circular economy. lop5
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