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business
range management principles
Range Management Principles and Practices 6th edition Jerry L. Holechek, Rex D. Pieper, Carlton H. Herbel - Solutions
Define the followings:1. Photosynthesis2. Stolon3. Phytomer4. "r" selected species5. Nonstructural carbohydrates
Why must plants store carbohydrates?
During what period in their annual cycle are perennial grass plants most vulnerable to heavy defoliation?
Why can't all the material be removed from forage plants by grazing during dormancy?
Why do unpalatable plants replace palatable plants under heavy grazing?
Reduced vegetation cover from heavy grazinga. Increases water infiltration into soilb. Reduces overland flow of water over soilc. Increases loss of soil particlesd. Has no real effect on rangeland soils in most casese. Has increased the amount of moisture in the soil
Plants obtain carbon for the photosynthetic process from:a. Sunb. Airc. Soild. Animal wastee. Rain water
Which of the following is an effect of heavy grazing on grass plants?a. Decreased photosynthesisb. Increased carbohydrate reservesc. Increased root growthd. Increased seed productione. All are the effects of heavy grazing on grass plantsf. None are the effects of heavy grazing on grass plants
Which grazing factor has the most effect on how range plants will respond to grazing?a. Intensityb. Frequencyc. Timingd. Grazing of surrounding plants
Defoliation generally has the least severe effect on a grass plant in which period?a. During dormancyb. There is no most critical periodc. In the period from seed formation to dormancyd. In the period from spring initiation of growth to seed formatione. In the spring when the plant first initiates
Define the followings:1. Savanna woodland2. Grass3. Forest climate4. Tundra5. Desert shrublands
Why is the southern mixed prairie so well suited to common use grazing?
Why does sagebrush usually return to sagebrush grass areas after brush control?
Why is the shortgrass prairie so well suited to livestock production?
Which of the 5 deserts in the United States is most suited for livestock production and why?
Discuss the climate and soils characteristics associated with grasslands.
This range type is well suited for cattle production and is considered to be one of the best places in the world to grow com.a. Palouse prairieb. California annual grasslandc. Northern mixed prairied. Tallgrass prairiee. Southern pine forest
This range type was the center of the "dust bowl" in the 1930s.a. Palouse prairieb. Southern pine forestc. Shortgrassd. Chihuahuan deserte. Mojave desert
Which ranch type has the least remaining original vegetation?a. Coniferous forestb. Chihuahuan desertc. Shortgrassd. California annual grasslande. Sagebrush grassland
Which range type has increased over the last 100 years?a. Pinyon-juniperb. Tall grass prairiec. Sonoran Desertd. Mountain browsee. Salt desert
Which desert is lowest in forage production for livestock?a. Chihuahuan Desertb. Sagebrush grasslandc. Sonoran Desertd. Mojave Desert
Define the followings:1. Drought2. Soil3. Aspect4. Soil structure5. Aridisol
What is the most critical part of any range management plan from a soil standpoint?
Discuss the precipitation and temperature characteristics of the "Great Basin" climatic type?
Give the 6 six factors that determine precipitation effectiveness in terms of forage production for a given area?
Discuss what "orographic effect" refers to.
Why is the western United States so much drier than the eastern United States?
Which soil texture type would most favor shrubs in arid areas of the world?a. claysb. loamsc. sandsd. There would be no difference
Grasslands of the world generally are characterized by which soil order?a. Mollisolb. Aridisolc. Spodosold. Oxisole. Histosol
Which climatic type has the driest winters and the wettest summers?a. Great Basinb. Pacificc. Southwesternd. Plains
Which nutrient is most limiting to forage growth in the western USA?a. Sulfurb. Potassiumc. Copperd. Nitrogene. Phosphorus
What is the most serious consequence of rangeland mismanagement (over grazing)?a. Loss of palatable forage plants.b. Soil erosionc. Low productivity of range livestockd. Decrease in desirable wildlife species such as deer and quail
Define the followings:1. L. A. Stoddart2. Homestead Act3. Enlarged Homestead Act4. Taylor Grazing Act5. National Environmental Policy Act6. E. J. Dyksterhuis
What are some of the consequences if livestock grazing was discontinued on federal lands in the western United States?
What is the "tragedy of the commons?"
When and where did the "dust bowl" occur in the United States? What was its cause?
Discuss the contributions of Frederick Clements to range science.
Discuss who, when, and how the first livestock were brought into the western United States.
Which government agency controls the most federal land in the United States?a. Forest Serviceb. Natural Resource Conservation Servicec. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serviced. Bureau of Land Managemente. U. S. Department of Army
What has been the trend in the condition of publicly owned rangelands in the United States over the past 60 years?a. They have declined in conditionb. They have not changed in conditionc. They have improved in conditiond. Information is not available on their trend in condition
When did sheep numbers in the United States reach a peak?a. 1840sb. 1890sc. 1930sd. 1950se. 1970s
When did range science originate?a. Early 1600sb. Late 1700sc. Early 1900sd. Mid 1900se. During the 1980s
Which man is considered to be the father of range management?a. F. Clementsb. J. Smithc. A. Sampsond. E. Dyksterhuise. H. Heady
Define the followings:1. Rangeland2. Range management3. Multiple Use4. Desertification5. Grazing6. Peak oil
What are the 6 activities of range managers?
What are some recreational products from rangelands?
What are some important challenges confronting range managers in the twenty-first century?
What are the two primary professional journals that provide information on range management?
Give the name of the primary professional organization concerned with rangelands and range management.
Which natural resource is most likely to constrain human population and progress?a. Energyb. Woodc. Farmlandd. Rare metalse. Fertilizer
What is the primary land type in the world?a. Forest and woodlandb. Urbanized landc. Farmlandd. Rangeland
The doubling time of the world’s human population is most nearly?a. 20 yearsb. 35 yearsc. 560 yearsd. 75 yearse. 100 years
Where did the science and art of range management originate?a. Africab. Western United Statesc. Spaind. Russiae. Israel
Over the next 50 years, the amount of rangeland in the western United States will likelya. Increase by 20 to 30%b. Decrease by 10 to 20%c. Remain the same
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