Multivariable Modeling And Multivariate Analysis For The Behavioral Sciences 1st Edition Brian S. Everitt - Solutions

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What opportunities may exist for the use of some form of participant observation as a feature of your study? To what extent would such approaches to data gathering help to answer your research questions?
How likely is it that some form of semistructured or in-depth interviews would be feasible for your project?
What challenges are presented by making use of evidence about organisations taken from website sources?a They are difficult to reference in a dissertation b Website data is always less reliable than proper data c The visual images are distracting d The motivation of the creator and the context of
What problems are presented by analysing photo images as a form of visual data?a They capture different features of what you are researching into b They can supplement other evidence that is available to you c They can show historical changes in work organisations d The context of the
What issues should you consider if you decide to make use of evidence from organisational websites?a They were produced for commercial intent b It is likely that they will describe, flatter and justify rather than evaluate c They may have been written by an author who is not really familiar with
Which of the following are potential data sources about an organisation?a Corporate videos b Wikipedia listing about the organisation c Newspaper articles about the organisation d All of the above
Which of the following statements is correct in relation to using videos as a form of research data?a Videos take a great deal of time to watch b The data must be interpreted c It should be accurate d It might be fake news
Which of the following is an advantage of focus groups?a The facilitator cannot control how the discussion proceeds b They can produce a large volume of data that represents a range of different experiences and opinions c They show how reality is socially constructed d They can lead to a
Which of the following is a characteristic of a focus group?a It has two or three participants b It enables you to study decision-making processes in a group situation c It is a way of getting people to clarify your research methodology for you d It is a form of group interview involving a
Why is it important to prepare an interview guide or schedule before you undertake a semi-structured interview?a So that you can work out the statistical inferences from the answers b To make it easy to analyse the data using a computer software programme c To increase the reliability of your
How might you ensure that you take into account any biases (such as a management perspective)in any organisational documents that you analyse?
What level of permission will you require if you wish to obtain data from an HR information system?
To what extent are you interested in, and able to contribute to, web-based applications (such as blogs, social networking sites, wikis, podcasts, etc) that can provide information and ideas for your research project?
To what extent might large institutional surveys provide useful information about multiple organisations? Would this data be useful for benchmarking?
In what ways may data from any HR information system be useful for achieving your research objectives? What would be the most helpful format for the data?
If you are carrying out your study within your own organisation, to what extent are you so familiar with how things are that your knowledge of many of its features is ‘tacit’? What sources of evidence would justify your understanding through making your knowledge explicit?To what extent might
What challenges are presented by making use of evidence about organisations taken from website sources?a They are difficult to reference in a dissertation b Website data is always less reliable than proper data c The visual images are distracting d The motivation of the author and the context of
What issues should you take into account if you decide to make use of evidence from published diaries, memoires or autobiographies?a They were produced for commercial intent b It is likely that they will describe, flatter and justify rather than evaluate c They may have been ghost-written by an
What are the disadvantages of using organisational sources within your research project?a Provision of contextual information about the situation or issue that is being researched b Difficulties of achieving access within data protection regulations c Provision of specific details about relevant
Which of the following are documentary forms of evidence about any organisation?a Minutes of executive committee meetings b Email exchanges between an employee and their manager c Newspaper articles about the organisation d All of the above
If your study will be taking place in one organisation, to what extent have organisational stakeholders got firm ideas about the methods you should use? What skills will you need to manage these expectations and ensure the validity and reliability of the data that you gather?
If you plan to carry out organisationally based research, what information (primary and secondary) will you need and how will you achieve the co-operation of participants in your research?
What is your level of expertise in designing‘instruments’ of data collection (questionnaire design, interview design, facilitating focus groups, etc)? What development might be helpful in this area, and how might you undertake it?
How has your review of the literature informed your thinking about methods of data gathering? How satisfied are you with your review of the existing literature?Strengths and weaknesses
One of the advantages of mixed-method research is:a facilitation of different methods to answer a research question b focus in-depth using open interviews c theoretical purity d eliminating different perspectives
A study based on 12 in-depth interviews with people from different departments in an organisation is:a a longitudinal study b a structured study c a quantitative study d a qualitative study
Which of the following is associated with quantitative data?a Analysis begins once data is collected b It is associated with interpretivism c Research process takes full account of the research context d The emphasis is on ‘thick description’
How might you use your LinkedIn or other social network profile to attract research participants to your study? What ethical safeguards would be necessary?
If you are carrying out research in an organisation when you are also an employee, to what extent will it be possible for you, and those with whom you work, to be able to distinguish between your role as a researcher and your ‘usual’ work role? What steps might you take to maintain this
What plans do you have for the secure storage of data? Think about (a) paper-based data and (b) electronically stored data. Do you know how to add password protection to any electronic files that you keep?
To what extent will your research plans involve using digitally stored or hosted data, and what are the ethical implications of this?Strengths and weaknesses
To what extent is your research idea a sensitive issue for the organisation(s) and for any individuals who participate? What influence might this have for your ethical choices about informed consent and respect for dignity and wellbeing?
To what extent will your research or research proposal contribute to knowledge and understanding about work and employment‘for the common good’?
How might the ethical code of conduct of your professional association impact on the research project you are planning to undertake?
What is the ethical code or code of conduct of your professional organisation?
If you are undertaking your research in one organisation, does it have any ethical policies or procedures you must adhere to?
A formal ethical scrutiny or review process isn’t needed if:a your research involves getting information from living people b your research questions will be answered from employment statistics data sets published by the government c your research involves analysing online information sources
A gatekeeper is:a a pathway to continuing access to a group of people or organisation b the person who can arrange access to research participants and other forms of data c someone who requires money to ‘let you through’ into an organisation d the person in charge of ethical approval for
Which of the following approaches to organisational data gathering goes against the principles of organisational informed consent?a Taking internal organisational documents without permission b The researcher pretending to be an job applicant in order to find out how the process works from an
At which stages of the research process should you think about ethics?a When designing the questions and planning the research b When collecting data c When analysing data d When writing up e All of the above
Why is it important that research data is stored in a secure way?a So that you can track down your respondents at a later date if you want to get more data from them b So that people will not know what you have written about them c So that the external examiner can see the data if they want to d To
Which of these needs to be considered to gain informed consent?a Giving detailed information to potential participants b Describing the potential risks and benefits of the research c Respecting cultural diversity d Identifying how someone can pull out of the study e All of the above
Why are ethical considerations imperative in HR research?a Because the ends justify the means b Because research, like HR, is an inherently bureaucratic process c Because adherence to a professional code of ethical conduct is important for the development of relationships of trust and integrity d
To what extent is your thinking determined by features like any work experience you may have, your national cultural background, your political preferences and so on? What steps do you need to take to ensure you consider the issues from a range of perspectives when you are reviewing the literature?
How effective are your reading and notetaking‘habits’ and strategies? In previous assignments, how easy has it been to write an overview of what you have read abouta topic?How organised is your note-taking system?To what extent do you tend to note down readings that you agree with and skip over
Which academic journals are you already familiar with, and which do you find the most challenging to analyse?Strengths and weaknesses
What literature and information sources are available to you (physically and electronically)from:a. your study centre?b. your place of work?c. any professional institutions of which you or your organisation is a member?
When referencing, page numbers must be shown when:a you read any textbook relevant to your project b a source has been written by more than one author c you are using a direct quotation to enhance your argument d you download a database
Which of the following is an academic database?a People Management b European Journal of Training and Development c Scopus d www.acas.org.uk
Which of the following references is presented in the correct format (in line with the approach shown in this book) for your bibliography?a Pereira, V, Fontinha, R, Pawan, B and Arora, B (2018) Human resource management and performance at the Indian railway, 31 (1), pp. 47–61 b Pereira, V,
A systematic literature search involves:a identifying, reviewing and analysing sources using specific criteria b identifying the systems that are most important to your research topic c eliminating research studies carried out over 10 years ago d only using studies which feature empirical data
The ALT principles of being critical are:a Argument, Literature, Theory b Assert, List, Trustworthiness c Analysis, Logic, Timeliness d Argument, Logic, Trustworthiness
What will you do to make sure you gain the maximum benefit from your tutor, advisor or supervisor? How will you seek and respond to feedback?
Are there any specific skills you will need to develop? What resources or support do you need?
What are the key things you need to learn more about? How will you achieve this?
How might you be able to link your work on the research project with your professional development?Moving forward
What are the implications of your career aspirations of the research idea that you are considering?
What will be the main challenges with regard to access to primary or secondary data?What skills and behaviours will you need to develop to overcome those challenges? What opportunities does your current situation afford for access to people and data?
How clear are you about the aims of your potential project? What are the key concepts connected with your topic that you need to find out about? Who are the key authors in this field? Who might you discuss your research ideas with?
Write a summary (no more than three sentences for each) of the five research strategies (cross-sectional research; case study; action research; comparative research, quasi-experiment). Which strategy is most attractive to you and why? What are the potential challenges of this approach?Strengths and
If you have not yet determined your project, identify three possible research ideas. For each of them write down three advantages/disadvantages. Who might you also consult in the process of identifying a research idea?
How much time is left until your research proposal or research project must be completed and submitted? How will you measure and record your progress towards completion?
How did the authors get access to their data?
What research design and research strategy choices were made? How was it justified?
How clearly communicated are the research question or objectives?
How do the authors justify the value of their topic?
What are the advantages of the use of secondary data in your research project?a It gives a generalisable picture of what is going on b Ethical approval is less arduous to achieve c It is easier to access d Analysis is easier
Which of the following are documentary forms of secondary data about any organisation?a Minutes of executive committee meetings b Email exchanges between an employee and their manager c Newspaper articles about the organisation d All of the above
Where a research project is seeking to obtain an accurate picture of something that occurred in a specific organisation, this approach is:a explanatory b exploratory c descriptive d comparative
Cross-cultural studies make use of:a a case study research strategy b a comparative research strategy c an action research strategy d a longitudinal research strategy
A challenge of case study-based research is:a findings cannot be generalised b individuals do not get their own voice c it is only suitable for very large organisations d it requires both qualitative and quantitative data
Positivist researchers believe:a research should be value-free, utilise a scientific method, and be based on empirical observations b unexpected events and contextual differences prevent researchers from generalising about their research findings c there is no substitute for an in-depth, reflexive
Research philosophy is about:a choosing between qualitative and quantitative methods b considering how we make sense of the world and the implications this has on research c analysing primary and secondary data d identifying your research respondents
What are the timescales for your project that are required by your study centre or organisation (whichever is appropriate)?What are the implications of this for the process of doing your project?
How aware are you of sources of secondary data that would be relevant to your project?What skills will you need to obtain and analyse the secondary data you have in mind?(Chapter 6 is particularly relevant to these issues.)
How confident are you about the process of undertaking a literature search to enable you to critically evaluate what is already known about your topic? What are the skills you will need to search and critically review theories, models and concepts within the literature?(Chapter 3 is particularly
What resources or expertise and advice are available to you from your centre? How can you make best use of these resources?Strengths and weaknesses
How clear are you about a topic for your project? Who do you need to discuss your ideas with to decide about the feasibility of the project? (Chapter 2 is particularly relevant to these questions.)
How feasible or desirable is it for you to undertake research in one organisation? For how long do you expect to be a part of the organisation in which your research may be based? What other options may be open to you?
Review your most recent assignment feedback and make a list of any learning that you can transfer to your project. For example, if you have received feedback that your work should be more critical, this is something that you would need to concentrate on when writing your review of the literature.
Are there any time-sensitive elements to your project?
What are your busiest times of the day, week and month? How do they coincide with deadlines for your project? How will you manage this process?
What support is available to students when undertaking their project and how can that support be accessed?After you have considered these questions from your centre’s perspective, you should also consider your personal and professional constraints by thinking about the following:
How necessary is it to gather primary data in an organisational context?
What is the submission deadline?
Which of the following describes ‘researcher as doctor’?a The researcher has a clear idea about the research problem b The research likes to enter unknown territory c The researcher likes to replicate existing studies in a new context d The researcher recognises the need to work with the
What type of publication is CIPD (2019) Rotten apples, bad barrels and sticky situations: An evidence-based review of unethical workplace behaviour?a Professional journal b Practitioner report c Green paper d Academic peer-reviewed journal
The role of a tutor or supervisor is to:a tell you exactly how to get a distinction or first class mark b read drafts of every chapter or section c organise your time between now and the submission date d provide advice, guidance and support
The data in exer_134.txt show the chemical composition for nine oxides of 48 specimens of Romano-British pottery determined by atomic absorption spectra. Also, given in the data file is the label of the kiln site at which the pot was found. Use MANOVA to test whether the pots found at different
In the SID data by coding a variable, group, as controls = 1 and SID victims = −1, show the equivalence of a multiple regression model for group as the response variable and explanatory variables HR, BW, F68, and GA with the discriminant function for the data derived in the text.
For the data from the risk-taking investigation, produce a scatterplot of “High” versus “Low” scores showing the three groups. As an exercise, construct discriminant functions for each pair of groups, and show these on the scatterplot.
Return to the body measurement data introduced in Chapter 9, and find Fisher’s linear discriminant function for allocating individuals to be men and women (I am aware that there is a foolproof method).(The first 10 observations in the data set are men, the remaining 10 are women.) Construct a
The data in exer_124.txt give the protein consumption in 25 European countries for 9 food groups. Is there any evidence that the countries cluster in some way?
Apply the model-based clustering approach to the data on life expectancies and compare the results with those from the k-means clustering given in the text. Do the same for the crime rate data.
The data in exer_123.txt give the lowest temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit recorded in various months for cities in the United States. Plot the data in any way that you think might be helpful and explore whether there may be clusters of cities using some method of cluster analysis. Display
Apply k-means to the crime rate data after standardizing each variable by its standard deviation. Compare the results with those given in the text found by standardizing by a variable’s range.
Reanalyze the data on life expectancies without standardizing the variables. How do the results compare with those given in the text for the standardized data?
Using the correlations between the first eight statements of the previous exercise, fit a correlated two-factor model in which statements 1, 3, 4, and 8 are assumed to be indicators of a latent variable, doctor’s responsibility, and statements 2, 5, 6, and 7 are assumed to be indicators of a
The following matrix gives the correlations between ratings on pain made by 123 people suffering from extreme pain. The nine statements are 1. Whether or not I am in pain in the future depends on the skills of the doctors.2. Whenever I am in pain, it is usually because of something I have done or
Investigate the use of alternative rotation methods to varimax on the crime rate data.

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Multivariable Modeling And Multivariate Analysis For The Behavioral Sciences 1st Edition Brian S. Everitt - Solutions

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