Waste Management Practices 2nd Edition John Pichtel - Solutions

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Do you think that the 20–70–10 differentiation philosophy is an effective tool to use in a company or do you think it merely masks a greater issue with the hiring, managing, training, and other system aspects inherent in all companies? Explain.
Is there a correlation between how congruent the company is with its values, long term, and how successful the company is now and has been over a period of time? Does your research show core values, integrated throughout a company, to be a marker of success? Or can companies give only lip service
Success can be measured in a number of different ways, and it can be highly subjective. Success can mean profitability, it may mean market share, or it may just mean survival. For the purpose of this exercise, we rate success based upon both financial success and brand success (the recognizability
Determine whether or not the company is congruent with its stated values. Try to be as objective as possible.a. Do the values directly enforce the business-level strategy?b. Does the reputation of the company support its values?
Determine, through research and/or your own experience, what the company’s business-level strategy is. Does it utilize cost leadership, differentiation, integrated cost and differentiation, or focus strategies?
Review each of the companies/brands below. Find out, via Internet search or other means, what the core values of the company are and place them in the “Values” column.
Discuss your plan with the class.
What could be done to improve the performance of employees, reduce turnover, and improve earnings in this company by utilizing the concept of horizontal context?
Now get back together and read your plan out loud, starting with input and ending with output.a. While the overall plan is surely a good plan (and better than no plan at all), is integration between the three stages incongruent?b. How could an employee be confused, consciously or unconsciously, as
Discuss your balanced scorecard goals and measures with the rest of the class.. Working separately, each team member should choose one of the three core values above and incorporate it into the stage that he/she was assigned. Team member one will integrate his/her value into input, team member two
For which of the four categories did you find it the most difficult to create specific and measurable goals and measures? Why?
Suppose that you own a grocery store (or choose a market you would like). Fill out the balanced scorecard example below:a. For each of the four categories, include two specific and measurable goals (for a total of eight) you would like to accomplish at your grocery store in the next year. Explain
Which of the business-level strategies best suits You Inc.? Explain.
Focus: Do you have specific skills targeted to the specific niche in which you wish to focus? Or do you want to keep all of your options open? How well can you target yourself as having specific, valuable, and focused skills that others lack?
How could you differentiate yourself based on the business equivalents of quality, speed, or luxury in the marketplace?a. Quality: Is your work of the highest quality? How can you prove this to a future employer?b. Speed: Can you get more done than the average worker?How have you exhibited such
Differentiation: What makes you different from all of the Them Inc.’s out in the job market? Hopefully it is more than university grades. How can you begin marketing yourself as being different and create value relative to your competition?
Cost leadership: What does it cost to employ someone in the type of job you are looking for (or are in)? Keep in mind that an employee’s cost is relative to the amount of output created or dollar amount generated. With this in mind, how could you brand yourself as a “low cost” leader in the
If you were the CEO, and truly wanted to maintain the status quo, create four new core values for the company that would allow the company to be true to its values.
More specifically, in terms of horizontal context:a. How will the feedback from the output stage most likely affect the input stages and the throughput stages going forward?b. Perhaps the cost savings from the changes in the output stage offset potential cost savings from the input and throughput
How could the company’s violation of these core values mentioned above eventually affect:a. The core value of “Working hard?”b. The core value of “Treating customers with respect?”c. The longer-term financial success of DaughterPrinters?
It looks as though vertical alignment of values is not required for all companies to be successful. If you were a shareholder (if you got paid based upon the profitability of the company), would you be concerned about the discrepancy between the GigantoPrinters core values and the current state of
Is GigantoPrinters violating several of its core values? If so, which values is it violating?
GigantoPrinters is publicly traded and must provide a specific rate of return to shareholders. The printing industry is one that operates on relatively low margins. Thus competing on cost is vital. Do you think GigantoPrinters is justified in capitalizing on a low-cost strategy in this tough
Was this exercise easy or difficult for you? Do you think it would be hard for a company to do this when including additional variables such as millions of dollars, lawsuits, destroyed professional careers, and the like? Be prepared to share with the
As in any company, it is important that core values are vertically integrated throughout every facet of You Inc. This could include every aspect of your life including health, wealth, education, relationships, spirituality, leisure, and so on. To keep it simple, we take a look at relationships to
Taking an honest look at yourself, on a scale of 1 to 5, how congruent would you say you are with these core values in all aspects of your life? Is this merely a wish list, or do you actively live these values in every aspect of your life (health, wealth, education, relationships, spirituality,
Narrow down these seven to ten values into three to five values that are most important to you. Use the above four core value characteristics as criteria for evaluating your reduced set of values. Do your values that meet these standards?
Take a moment for introspection and look at the things that are most important to you. Create seven to ten values are important to you.
In order to systematically maximize performance management in your company, it will be critical to integrate your values through all stages of the employees’ tenure. How will you incorporate your values into each of the following stages:a. Hiring: Filtering job candidates in and out of the
Value statements are expressions that list a company’s core beliefs in a clear and concise manner. Value statements are written to provide employees with guiding principles by which to operate through unclear decision-making circumstances. A statement of values can also be useful for an
What type of business-level strategy (strategies) would you utilize to distinguish yourself from the competition? What would your rationale be for utilizing this business-level strategy?
Imagine that you could create and operate your own business, of any size and in any industry.a. What kind of business would it be?b. How many employees would it have?c. How much would it generate in revenues annually?
Assess the performance management system in terms of the administrative context. Do you think that the performance management system, as described in the opening example, would do a good job of serving administrative purposes for MegaCo?Why or why not?
Assess the performance management system at MegaCo in terms of the horizontal context. How could it be improved?
Does the performance management system reflect and support the core values? If not, what would you suggest MegaCo do to align its performance management system with its core values?
Based on the example, is there alignment between the performance management of project managers at MegaCo and the strategic context? Explain your assessment.
Is the estimated dollar impact worth the cost of the program?
If there is a performance effect of the program, what is it worth in dollar terms? and finally,
Does the program make a difference that shows up later on the job?
MSW compaction in a collection truck allows for increased volumes of waste to be transported;however, if this compacted material is brought to a materials recovery facility, there are potential disadvantages. Discuss.
In your community, observe the different containers used for the storage of MSW. What types of collection trucks are used for residential (single family) neighborhoods? Apartment complexes? Commercial facilities (restaurants, industrial parks, etc.)?
In your community, what are the major systems and equipment used for the collection of domestic and commercial solid wastes? Do programs exist for collection of source-separated wastes? For household hazardous wastes? Other?
In your community, is waste collected by the municipality or by a private hauler? Who collects commercial wastes?
What recommendations would you make regarding current waste collection in your community in order to reduce costs and improve efficiency?
How are yard wastes managed in your community? Are these materials collected separately from other wastes? If yard wastes are currently collected along with MSW, what changes to the collection system would be required in order to collect these wastes separately?
In your community, is there a program for collecting recyclable materials? If a program is in place, which materials are collected and how? Where are the recyclables shipped after collection? How much of each material (in tons) is collected per month?
In your community, how are household hazardous wastes transported to treatment or disposal facilities? In your opinion, is this management scheme effective, or are there problems to address?
If your community’s wastes are collected by a municipal system, how much of the municipal budget is earmarked to cover these costs? Visit the local waste management office and determine how costs have changed over the past 10 years or more.
You have been hired as a consultant for a small town (population = 12,000) that wishes to begin a municipal program for solid waste collection. The community wants their wastes to be collected once per week. What type of collection vehicle would you recommend? What capacity truck would be
Using a map of your community, use a computer-aided design package to formulate a suitable route for waste collection vehicles. Alternatively, apply tracing paper and the U.S.EPA heuristic routing guidelines. Contact the waste hauler in your community and determine the method used to route
Locate three sites in your area that could serve as locations for transfer stations. Justify your choices.
Discuss the benefits of transfer stations to a community in terms of economics, time savings, and environmental quality.
At your City Hall, obtain the accident records for city employees. Determine the relative accident rate for solid waste collection employees.
A material is not truly considered “recycled” until it has proceeded through several distinct steps and is ultimately purchased by the consumer. True or false? Justify your answer. List and discuss the steps.
Why have many community recycling programs failed over the past two decades? How could programs have been planned, operated, and financed in order to have been more successful?
What are the primary approaches for separation of recyclable materials from the waste stream? Which is superior in terms of producing a clean, quality product? Which method is often preferred on account of its convenience to the consumer? How do total costs differ between the different approaches?
How do source reduction, reuse, and recycling differ?
Why is price volatility in recycling markets a “given” in the industry?
How does purity affect the demand for a separated product? What can be accomplished(by the consumer, the municipality) in order to improve overall purity?
List the three major methods of pulping virgin fiber. How might each method affect the quality of recycled paper?
What is the major limitation on the amount of waste paper that can be recycled in a given year?
How many lifetimes do office paper or newsprint have before they can no longer be effectively recycled? Aluminum? Steel? Glass?
List some alternative recycling markets for paper, glass, and plastics.
Why does aluminum container manufacture from UBCs save substantially more energy and produce less pollution than manufacture using raw materials? Be specific.
What are the primary contamination concerns with recycled glass? Recycled aluminum?
“Due to the positive net value of scrap aluminum, there is virtually no waste of aluminum containers in the United States.” True or false? Discuss.
List the main manufacturing processes used to transform raw polymers to a useful product.Are any of these processes preferable for recycling polymers?
What are the two most commonly recycled polymers? In what types of products, are they used?
The city of Pristine, IL, will develop a comprehensive waste management program in order to divert waste materials from the county landfill. The city will employ curbside collection of glass, paper, aluminum, and PETE. What actions can the municipality undertake that will ensure the success of the
Suppose the city was to avoid working with a materials broker and instead work directly with material buyers. What agreements should be specified in a proposal from a recycled materials buyer?
The city is allowing a local recycling company to acquire the abandoned Hi-Jinx Chemical Company manufacturing building for use as a recycling center. List five practical issues that the company must consider before accepting the building.
“As of the late 1990s, recycling in the United States reached its maximum potential.” True or false? Justify your answer.
Identify the materials that are currently being recycled in your community. What other materials could potentially be recycled?
If your community is engaged in a recycling or waste reduction program, is the program voluntary or mandatory? How is the public involved—for example, are educational programs available? Which agency or office is responsible for managing the program? Are there areas in which the program could be
In your home, which waste materials do you now separate? What other components could potentially be separated for eventual recycling or reuse?
How does resource recovery affect the overall cost of solid waste management? Be specific.Consider storage and collection issues, and landfill lifetime.
At your university or place of employment, what efforts have been undertaken to reduce the volume of solid waste? Describe any resource recovery or waste reduction programs in place.
The number of MRFs in the United States has increased dramatically over the past two decades. Explain the reasons for this increase based on factors such as economics, NIMBY, and environmental consciousness.
Where in the MRF is human labor essential (i.e., a machine cannot adequately perform the job)?
What factors influence separation efficiency of a trommel screen?
What is the most critical parameter for efficient MSW separation by a trommel screen?
To avoid carryover of glass fines in an air classifier, what device or unit operation may wastes be first passed through?
What are the advantages in using a shredder for MSW processing in a MRF? What are the disadvantages?
Plastic wastes can be sorted optically or mechanically using “color screening” (true/false).Explain.
What is the ideal trommel rotation speed? Consider cascading, cataracting, and centrifuging of feed.
List and discuss some of the major safety hazards associated with shredding MSW.
All other factors being equal, are there any practical advantages to horizontal hammermills over vertical models? Consider efficiency of shredding, energy requirements, noise generation, and jamming by rigid articles.
Using mechanical equipment for separation of mixed MSW, it is not possible to achieve 100% separation efficiency. Explain and provide an example.
During air classification, recovery of organics is complicated by what factors?
What factors influence the effectiveness of magnetic separation?
Calculate the waste thickness for a conveyor belt measuring 1.0 m wide with an average belt speed of 20 m/min. The waste loading rate is 25.5 MT per hour and the average density of the waste on the belt is 105 kg/m3.
A trommel screen measuring 9 m long and 3 m diameter is rotating at 2.5 rpm. The feed rate is 12 MT of raw MSW per hour. Calculate the critical speed. At the above speed, would the waste input be cascading, cataracting, or centrifuging?
If the trommel screen in Question 15 were to be adjusted to a steeper angle, how would separation efficiency be affected?
A magnetic separator is used at a MRF for ferrous recovery from commingled MSW. The feed rate to the separator is 1255 kg/h. The feed contains 4.2% ferrous. A total of 40 kg is collected in the product stream and 32 kg is actually ferrous. Calculate the recovery, purity, and efficiency of the unit
List the key components of the receiving area of an MSW processing facility.
In terms of separation of potentially recyclable components, what is a detrimental effect of shredding raw MSW to a fine particle size?
Contact your local waste management authority and determine the fraction of materials recovered for recycling collected via drop-off centers versus curbside pickup programs or MRFs.
Diagram a sequence of unit operations for a mechanized waste separation system. The input waste includes paper products, food waste, glass, plastic (PET, HDPE, and others), metals (ferrous and nonferrous), and household hazardous wastes. List all the equipment required for adequate separation.
Hazardous materials can be removed from the commingled wastes arriving at a MRF via:(a) magnetic separation, (b) manual hunt-and-pick, (c) air knife, (d) froth flotation.
Waste paper should be removed: (a) using an air classifier, (b) after ferrous removal, (c) after shredding the waste stream, (d) after trommel screening, (e) all of the above.

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Waste Management Practices 2nd Edition John Pichtel - Solutions

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