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Modern Production Operations Management 8th Edition Buffa, Elwood S., Sarin, Rakesh K. - Solutions

CHEMCO is a chemical manufacturing company that has been successful in research and development. It has built its reputation by exploiting its excellent research staff’s ability to develop new and
SITCOM is a producer of electronic home appliances, including VHS (Video Home System) television recorders, located in northern California. The pack¬aged product weighs about 75 pounds. SITCOM was
This problem is an extension ofthe text example for the economic evaluation of a product in its rapid development phase. The decision tree structure is given in Figure 17-12.A technological
New alternatives are made available for the example ofthe economic analysis of a mature product given in the text. The present value calculations for the text example are given in Figures 17-6, 17-8,
The production manager of the Lost Sales Company in problem 17 says he can put on a third shift that would provide a capacity of 600 units per month and risk virtually no capital. The higher labor
The Lost Sales Company is considering what to do; it is at two-shift capacity, it is limiting sales, and demand promises to continue to increase at the rate of 20 percent per year. The production
In problem 15, the equipment supplier for the plant states that it is working on a technological innovation that could make the smaller plant more economical to operate. It estimates the operating
A company is planning an expansion in capacity and two alternatives have been developed for the same site, based strictly on the size ofthe expansion. The first involves smaller, 2000-unit
What are typical factors that might suggest the use of chance events in capacity expansion analyses? What economic criteria would be appropriate under such circumstances?
Why are present values used in comparing the cash flows in capacity analyses?
Review the framework for analyzing capacity alternatives. How is it the same as the framework given for analyzing technological choices? How is it different from that framework?
Referring to question 10, what strategic factors should be weighed and traded off against objective cost—profit results in your strategies?
Home computers are now on the market. They are quite powerful, involving keyboard input, video output, and very substantial memory capacities, and they are designed to use rather capable languages
Define the following terms: regular capacity, optimal capacity, and maximum capacity.9- What are the effects of economies of scale on the capacity planning problem?
Using the cost—volume relationship shown in Figure 17-3 as a background:a. Under what conditions would you expect minimum unit cost plant size(output) to include a second shift?b. What are the
Describe the issues surrounding the choice between large- and small-capacity units.
What are alternative sources of capacity? How do they impact the capacity planning problem?
How is the capacity planning problem different for mature products that have relatively stable growth patterns than for products that are new or involve risky situations?
A fertilizer company is reviewing its future capacity needs. The company has concluded that its share of the market demand will expand at the rate of 20 percent per year for the next five years.
Why might there be imbalances in the existing capacities of X-ray, laboratory, intensive care, and other departments in a hospital?
What are the appropriate methods for predicting future requirements for the following?a. Electric powerb. Oil tankersc. Hula-hoops
After tires have been assembled, they go to curing presses where the various layers of rubber and fiber are vulcanized into one homogenous piece and the final shape, including the tread, is molded.
The 10-Minute Car Wash manager has problems in staffing the operation be¬cause of the fluctuating demand for car wash service. The crew is used to staff the gas pumps, for vacuum cleaning, to drive
Food King supermarket maintains a central warehouse from which it supplies all of its stores. In general, each market places orders and obtains daily shipments from the warehouse.The general routine
The manager of a Food King supermarket is reconsidering his service policies.He currently has six checkers working during the busy period, when customers arrive at the rate of X = 60 per hour, but he
XACTO, Inc., faces a decision of how to allocate its repair crew to various maintenance jobs. It has three journeymen mechanics who are paid $20 per hour and four apprentices who are paid $5 per hour.
The California Motor Vehicles Department established auto inspection facili¬ties to measure the smog emissions of cars. A typical test center has four parallel service channels. The fee is $15. The
A small town has six gas stations. As gas shortages began to occur during the 1979 oil crisis, the first visible effect was that stations began to close on week¬ends and to have shorter hours during
A university must maintain a large and complex physical plant, so plant mainte¬nance is an important support function. The plant maintenance department maintains a crew of six maintenance mechanics
The manager of a large bank has the problem of providing teller service for customer demand, which varies somewhat during the business day from 10 A.M.to 4 P.M. She has a total capacity ofsix windows
In the manufacture of photographic film, there is a specialized process of per¬forating the edges of the 35 mm film used in movie and still cameras. A bank of 20 such machines is required to meet
A stenographer has five persons for whom he performs stenographic services.Arrival rates are adequately represented by the Poisson distribution, and ser¬vice times follow the negative exponential
A taxicab company has four cabs that operate out of a given taxi stand. Cus¬tomer arrival rates and service rates are described by the Poisson distribution.The average arrival rate is 10 per hour,
The barber of a one-chair shop finds that sometimes customers are waiting but sometimes he has nothing to do and can read sports magazines. He prefers to keep a rather steady pace when he is working,
Given a Poisson distribution of arrivals with a mean of X = 5 per hour, what is the probability of an arrival of x = 4 in 1 hour? What is the probability of the occurrence of 15 minutes between
Why are the models associated with finite waiting lines so different from infinite models?
How is Equation 2 modified ifa. Service time is constant?b. Service time follows the negative exponential distribution?
What are the assumptions for the waiting line model represented by Equation 2?
Why is queuing felt to be an unacceptable method for dealing with overload conditions in medical systems?
Define the following terms:a. Arrival processb. Queue disciplinec. Infinite waiting line modeld. Finite waiting line modele. Single server modelf. Multiple server model
Classify the following in terms of the four basic waiting line structures:a. Assembly lineb. Large bank—six tellers (one waiting line for each)c. Cashier at a restaurantd. One-chair barbershope.
What is the actual payoff period for the office copier project discussed in problem 10? If interest is 10 percent, what should the minimum payoff period be to make the investment economically sound?
An aggressive marketer of a new office copier has made its machine available for sale as well as lease. The idea of buying a copying machine seems revolution¬ary, but it seems less so when we
Suppose that we are considering the installation of a small computer to accom¬plish internal tasks of payroll computation, invoicing, and other routine ac¬counting. The purchase price is quoted as
The proud owner of a new automobile states that she intends to keep her car for only two years in order to minimize repair costs, which she feels should be near zero during the initial period. She
What is the value of an annuity of $2000 per year for 10 years at the end of its life? Interest is at 10 percent.
What is the present value of an income stream of $1500 for 15 years at 10 percent interest?
At 8 percent interest, how many years will it take money to double itself?
What interest rate would a $10,000 bond have to earn to be worth $50,000 in 10 years?
What is the future value in 25 years of a bond that earns interest at 10 percent and has a present value of $10,000?
What is the present value of the salvage of a machine that can be sold 10 years hence for $2500? Interest is at 10 percent.
A trucking firm owns a five-year-old truck that it is considering replacing. The truck can be sold for $5000, and Blue Book values indicate that its salvage value would be $4000 one year from now. It
History records that the electronic pocket calculator had a product ancestor known as the mechanical desk calculator, first hand powered and later electri¬cally powered. It was a mechanical marvel,
Nels Jensen started his grocery business 35 years ago in the Lake Tahoe resort community. The combination of good management and well-to-do patrons pro¬duced an independent supermarket of
The manufacturing manager of the PANDEX Company is considering the technology that should be adopted for a new7 product that must be available for the market in 18 months. The market forecasts
A company has a largely manual technology for performing an operation in their plant, and it is considering two machines to make it somewhat less depen¬dent on the labor supply in the area since
The manufacturing manager for a company making a line of toys for the highvolume Christmas market is considering options for a particular novelty toy for which market testing has indicated good
After additional efforts to ferret out the cost differences between the two machines in problem 31, it was found that maintenance costs for machine 2 increase rapidly at the rate of $500 per year.
A company is considering two different machines to perform an important operation in their manufacturing process. The first is a standard machine. The second is more expensive, but it has a higher
If one alternative is lower in expected monetary value and another is chosen instead because it can produce a higher quality product, what economic value is implicitly being placed on the quality
If a technological alternative has the lowest expected monetary value, why shouldn’t it automatically be the clear choice?
Why are present values used in measuring comparative economic values in technological choice?
What is the meaning of expected monetary value? Why is it a useful criterion for measuring technological alternatives? If there were no chance points in the decision structure, would it be an
What framework for analyzing technological choice was discussed in the text?
What is the state of process technology in such nonmanufacturing operations as distribution and transport, warehousing, retailing, and banking? Assess the impact of advanced process technologies on
How do the alternative technologies compare in terms of the four competitive priorities of cost, quality, flexibility, and on-time performance?
Is the automatic factory a reality? State examples that would appear to justify saying that the automatic factory is a reality.
What is GT, group technology? What is unique about the concept? What is its field of application?
Describe two of the major applications of FMS. Do they appear to be econom¬ically justified?
What is FMS? What is the general field of FMS application? Is the field of FMS application significant in terms of the potential market size for its capability?State statistics.
What are the general areas of CAD/CAM application that have yielded produc¬tivity and quality improvements?
In what industrial sectors has CAD/CAM been applied? What companies wdthin those sectors use CAD/CAM?
What is CAD/CAM?
Describe the general volume levels at which manual, hard automation, and reprogrammable automation break even in overall costs? Account for these break-even levels.
What is an NC machine? How long is an NC machine tied up during the set-up process?
What does it cost per hour to operate a robot (capital plus operating costs)?
What are the design characteristics of robots? Which of the human senses can robots mimic?
Define the term robot. Is it all-inclusive in terms of automatic devices?
What is a transfer machine? What is its general field of application?
Define the term hard automation. What is its field of application?
Defend the proposition that manual technology is inappropriate in today’s hightech world.
Define the terms general purpose machines and special purpose machines. What is the general field of application of each? What is their significance in mechanized and automated technologies?
Describe the role of labor in manual, mechanized, and automated technologies.What is the relative capital cost of each?
Regarding product design, define the following terms and indicate their signifi¬cance for production cost:a. Interchangeable partsb. Standardizationc. Simplificationd. Modular design
Define the term production design. Give examples.
In what ways is process design dependent on the design of the product? How is product design dependent on the design of the processes used to produce it?
How is the model for product and process innovation related to a firm’s com¬petitive position?
Describe the model for product and process innovation. What is the nature of the processes in each of the three stages of the model?
How does the competitiveness and profitability of a firm depend on the techno¬logical choices it makes?
An Interview with W. Edwards Deming6 Dr. Deming, you said it will take about thirty years for the United States to catch up with Japan. This is a somewhat pessimistic view of the United States. Would
Compare the results ofJIT production in U.S. and Japanese plants as shown by Tables 14-1 and 14-2. Do you feel that Japanese manufacturing methods are culturally and environmentally dependent?
Define the term Yo-i-don. How is it related to teamwork?
Define the term autonomation as it is used in the Toyota production system.How is it related to the term automation?19- Define the terms Andon and Bakayoke.
What is meant by JIT purchasing?
Contrast the differences in typical Japanese and U.S. practices in dealing with suppliers.
How do suppliers fit into the kanban system in Japan?
Explain how a simple kanban system works.
What is a kanban? Why is this system called a “pull” or demand system of inventory control?
What is a quality circle? How important is this concept in implementing the concept of total quality control?
What are the principles for implementing the slogan “quality at the source” in the Japanese system?

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