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statistics for experimentert

Introductory Statistics 10th Global Edition Neil A. Weiss - Solutions

Acreage and Value. The document Arizona Residential Property Valuation System, published by the Arizona Department of Revenue, describes how county assessors use computerized systems to value single-family residential properties for property tax purposes.On the WeissStats site are data on lot size
Home Size and Value. On the WeissStats site are data on home size (in square feet) and assessed value (in thousands of dollars) for the same homes as in Exercise 14.73.
High and Low Temperature. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration publishes temperature information of cities around the world in Climates of the World. A random sample of 50 cities gave the data on average high and low temperatures in January shown on the WeissStats site.
PCBs and Pelicans. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), industrial pollutants, are known to be carcinogens and a great danger to natural ecosystems. As a result of several studies, PCB production was banned in the United States in 1979 and by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
More Money, More Beer? Does a higher state per capita income equate to a higher per capita beer consumption? From the document Survey of Current Business, published by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, and from the Brewer’s Almanac, published by the Beer Institute, we obtained data on
Gas Guzzlers. The magazine Consumer Reports publishes information on automobile gas mileage and variables that affect gas mileage. In one issue, data on gas mileage (in miles per gallon)and engine displacement (in liters) were published for 121 vehicles.Those data are available on the WeissStats
Top Wealth Managers. An issue of BARRON’S presented information on top wealth managers in the United States, based on individual clients with accounts of $1 million or more. Data were given for various variables, two of which were number of private client managers and private client assets. Those
Shortleaf Pines. The ability to estimate the volume of a tree based on a simple measurement, such as the tree’s diameter, is important to the lumber industry, ecologists, and conservationists. Data on volume, in cubic feet, and diameter at breast height, in inches, for 70 shortleaf pines were
Sample Covariance. For a set of n data points, the sample covariance, sxy, is given by sx y = (xi − x¯)(yi − y¯)n − 1 Defining formula= xi yi − (xi)(yi)/n n − 1 Computing formula. (14.1)The sample covariance can be used as an alternative method for finding the slope and
In this section, we introduced a descriptive measure of the utility of the regression equation for making predictions.a. Identify the term and symbol for that descriptive measure.b. Provide an interpretation.In each of Exercises 14.84–14.86, fill in the blanks.
A measure of total variation in the observed values of the response variable is the . The mathematical abbreviation for it is .
A measure of the amount of variation in the observed values of the response variable explained by the regression is the .The mathematical abbreviation for it is .
Tax Efficiency. Following are the data on percentage of investments in energy securities and tax efficiency from Exercise 14.58.x 3.1 3.2 3.7 4.3 4.0 5.5 6.7 7.4 7.4 10.6 y 98.1 94.7 92.0 89.8 87.5 85.0 82.0 77.8 72.1 53.5
Following are age and price data for 8 randomly selected ambulances between 1 and 6 years old. Here, x denotes age, in years, and y denotes price, in hundreds of dollars. Use the information to do parts (a) through (d).x 61626245 y 260 410 245 370 275 355 310 295 x = 32, y = 2520, x y = 9255, x 2 =
Homes for Sale. Following are the size and price data for custom homes from Exercise 14.60.x 2500 1346 5000 1250 1700 1937 2200 2249 2500 y 458.5 447.0 695.0 114.9 158.8 349.9 369.0 425.0 469.0
Plant Emissions. Following are the data on plant weight and quantity of volatile emissions from Exercise 14.61.x 57 85 57 65 52 67 62 80 77 53 68 y 8.0 22.0 10.5 22.5 12.0 11.5 7.5 13.0 16.5 21.0 12.0
Crown-Rump Length. Following are the data on age and crown-rump length for fetuses from Exercise 14.62.x 2 20 40 60 80 100 120 y 5.7 8.6 10.9 12.5 14.0 15.9 17.9
Study Time and Score. Following are the data on study time and score for statistics students from Exercise 14.63.x 12 24 10 9 15 17 9 18 16 22 y 84 79 81 90 81 85 82 84 83 75
Birdies and Score. The data from Exercise 14.70 for number of birdies during a tournament and final score for 63 women golfers are on the WeissStats site.
U.S. Presidents. The data from Exercise 14.71 for the ages at inauguration and of death for the presidents of the United States are on the WeissStats site.
Movie Grosses. The data from Exercise 14.72 on domestic and overseas grosses for a random sample of 50 movies are on the WeissStats site.
Acreage and Value. The data from Exercise 14.73 for lot size (in acres) and assessed value (in thousands of dollars) for a sample of homes in a particular area are on the WeissStats site.
Home Size and Value. The data from Exercise 14.74 for home size (in square feet) and assessed value (in thousands of dollars)for the same homes as in Exercise 14.107 are on the WeissStats site.
High and Low Temperature. The data from Exercise 14.75 for average high and low temperatures in January for a random sample of 50 cities are on the WeissStats site.
PCBs and Pelicans. The data for shell thickness and concentration of PCBs for 60 Anacapa pelican eggs from Exercise 14.76 are on the WeissStats site.
More Money, More Beer? The data for per capita income and per capita beer consumption for the 50 states and Washington, D.C., from Exercise 14.77 are on the WeissStats site.
Gas Guzzlers. The data for gas mileage and engine displacement for 121 vehicles from Exercise 14.78 are provided on the WeissStats site.
Shortleaf Pines. The data from Exercise 14.80 for volume, in cubic feet, and diameter at breast height, in inches, for 70 shortleaf pines are on the WeissStats site.
Body Fat. In the paper “Total Body Composition by DualPhoton (153Gd) Absorptiometry” (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 40, pp. 834–839), R. Mazess et al. studied methods for quantifying body composition. Eighteen randomly selected adults were measured for percentage of body fat,
Estriol Level and Birth Weight. J. Greene and J. Touchstone conducted a study on the relationship between the estriol levels of pregnant women and the birth weights of their children. Their findings, “Urinary Tract Estriol: An Index of Placental Function,”were published in the American Journal
The linear correlation coefficient is also known by another name. What is it?In Exercises 14.120–14.127, fill in the blanks.
The symbol that is used for the linear correlation coefficient is .
A value ofr close to ±1 indicates that there is a linear relationship between the variables.
If there is no linear relationship between x and y, the variables are linearly .In each of Exercises 14.128–14.130, determine whether r is positive, negative, or zero.
Answer true or false to the following statement and provide a reason for your answer: If there is a very strong positive correlation between two variables, a causal relationship exists between the two variables.
The following are the age (in years) and price (in hundreds of dollars) data for a certain type of car. A scatterplot of the data is given below.Age (x) 7661254514 Price (y) 266 256 271 403 362 299 338 307 409 302
Custom Homes. Following are the size and price data for custom homes from Exercises 14.60 and 14.100.x 26 27 33 29 29 34 30 40 22 y 540 555 575 577 606 661 738 804 496
Plant Emissions. Following are the data on plant weight and quantity of volatile emissions from Exercises 14.61 and 14.101.x 57 85 57 65 52 67 62 80 77 53 68 y 8.0 22.0 10.5 22.5 12.0 11.5 7.5 13.0 16.5 21.0 12.0
Crown-Rump Length. Following are the data on age and crown-rump length for fetuses from Exercises 14.62 and 14.102.x 2 20 40 60 80 100 120 y 5.7 8.6 10.9 12.5 14.0 15.9 17.9
Study Time and Score. Following are the data on study time and score for statistics students from Exercises 14.63 and 14.103.x 12 24 10 9 15 17 9 18 16 22 y 84 79 81 90 81 85 82 84 83 75
Height and Score. A random sample of 10 students was taken from an introductory statistics class. The following data were obtained, where x denotes height, in inches, and y denotes score on the final exam.x 71 68 71 65 66 68 68 64 62 65 y 87 96 66 71 71 55 83 67 86 60a. What sort of value of r
Consider the following set of data points.x −3 −2 −10123 y 9 4 10149a. Compute the linear correlation coefficient, r.b. Can you conclude from your answer in part (a) that the variables x and y are unrelated? Explain your answer.c. Draw a scatterplot for the data.d. Is use of the linear
Birdies and Score. The data from Exercise 14.70 for number of birdies during a tournament and final score for 63 women golfers are on the WeissStats site.
U.S. Presidents. The data from Exercise 14.71 for the ages at inauguration and of death for the presidents of the United States are on the WeissStats site.
Movie Grosses. The data from Exercise 14.72 on domestic and overseas grosses for a random sample of 50 movies are on the WeissStats site.
Acreage and Value. The data from Exercise 14.73 for lot size (in acres) and assessed value (in thousands of dollars) for a sample of homes in a particular area are on the WeissStats site.
Home Size and Value. The data from Exercise 14.74 for home size (in square feet) and assessed value (in thousands of dollars)for the same homes as in Exercise 14.157 are on the WeissStats site.
High and Low Temperature. The data from Exercise 14.75 for average high and low temperatures in January for a random sample of 50 cities are on the WeissStats site.
PCBs and Pelicans. The data on shell thickness and concentration of PCBs for 60 Anacapa pelican eggs from Exercise 14.76 are on the WeissStats site.
More Money, More Beer? The data for per capita income and per capita beer consumption for the 50 states and Washington, D.C., from Exercise 14.77 are on the WeissStats site.
Gas Guzzlers. The data for gas mileage and engine displacement for 121 vehicles from Exercise 14.78 are provided on the WeissStats site.
Shortleaf Pines. The data from Exercise 14.80 for volume, in cubic feet, and diameter at breast height, in inches, for 70 shortleaf pines are on the WeissStats site.
Body Fat. The data from Exercise 14.114 for age and percentage of body fat for 18 randomly selected adults are on the WeissStats site.
Estriol Level and Birth Weight. The data for estriol levels of pregnant women and birth weights of their children from Exercise 14.115 are on the WeissStats site.
Fiber Density. In the article “Comparison of Fiber Counting by TV Screen and Eyepieces of Phase Contrast Microscopy” (American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 63, pp. 756–761), I. Moa et al. reported on determining fiber density by two different methods. Twenty samples of varying
Country Music Blues. A Knight-Ridder News Service article in an issue of the Wichita Eagle discussed a study on the relationship between country music and suicide. The results of the study, coauthored by S. Stack and J. Gundlach, appeared as the paper “The Effect of Country Music on Suicide”
use and understand the formulas in this chapter.
define and apply the concepts related to linear equations with one independent variable.
explain the least-squares criterion.
obtain and graph the regression equation for a set of data points, interpret the slope of the regression line, and use the regression equation to make predictions.
define and use the terminology predictor variable and response variable.
understand the concept of extrapolation.
identify outliers and influential observations.
know when obtaining a regression line for a set of data points is appropriate.
calculate and interpret the three sums of squares, SST, SSE, and SSR, and the coefficient of determination, r 2.
find and interpret the linear correlation coefficient, r.
identify the relationship between the linear correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination.
Regarding the variables in a regression analysis,a. what is the independent variable called?b. what is the dependent variable called?In each of Problems 9–11, fill in the blank.
Based on the least-squares criterion, the line that best fits a set of data points is the one with the possible sum of squared errors.
The line that best fits a set of data points according to the leastsquares criterion is called the line.
Using a regression equation to make predictions for values of the predictor variable outside the range of the observed values of the predictor variable is called .
For each of the sums of squares in regression, state its name and what it measures.a. SSTb. SSRc. SSE In each of Problems 15–18, fill in the blank.
One use of the linear correlation coefficient is as a descriptive measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables.
Answer true or false to the following statement, and explain your answer: A strong correlation between two variables doesn’t necessarily mean that they’re causally related.Applying the Concepts and Skills
Machinery Depreciation. A company has procured machinery of worth $ 12,000 and plans to depreciate the value of the machinery by $ 1500 per year for 8 years. Let x denote the age of the machinery, in years, and y denote the value of the machinery, in hundreds of Rupeesa. Find the equation that
Dropout Rates. Dropout rate—the percentage of students entering as freshmen but leaving before graduating, and what influences this is a major concern. From a certain Web article, we found data for dropout rate as a function of age at the first entry in college, starting the course in the
25 12.0 20
21 19.2 25
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20 22.3a. Draw a scatter plot of the data.b. Is finding a regression line for the data reasonable? Explain your answer.c. Determine the regression equation for the data, and draw its graph on the scatterplot you drew in part (a).d. Describe the apparent relationship between average age and dropout
Dropout Rates. Refer to Problem 21.a. Determine SST, SSR, and SSE by using the computing formulas.b. Obtain the coefficient of determination.c. Obtain the percentage of the total variation in the observed dropout rates that is explained by average age (i.e., by the regression line).d. State how
Dropout Rates. Refer to Problem 21.a. Compute the linear correlation coefficient, r.b. Interpret your answer from part (a) in terms of the linear relationship between average age and dropout rate.c. Discuss the graphical implications of the value of the linear correlation coefficient, r.d. Use your
Exotic Plants. In the article “Effects of Human Population,Area, and Time on Non-native Plant and Fish Diversity in the United States” (Biological Conservation, Vol. 100, No. 2, pp. 243–252), M. McKinney investigated the relationship of various factors on the number of exotic plants in each
IMR and Life Expectancy. From the International Data Base,published by the U.S. Census Bureau, we obtained data on infant mortality rate (IMR) and life expectancy (LE), in years, for a sample of 60 countries. The data are presented on the WeissStats site.For part (d), predict the life expectancy of
High Temperature and Precipitation. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration publishes temperature and precipitation information for cities around the world in Climates of the World. Data on average high temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit) in July and average precipitation (in inches) in
U.S. Open. From the website Golf.com, part of Sports Illustrated Sites, we obtained the scores for the first and second rounds of the 2013 U.S. Open golf tournament. You will find those scores on the WeissStats site. For part (d), predict the second-round score of a golfer who got a 72 on the first
(Appendix) PURCHASES AND PURCHASES RETURNS. On November 6, Lubin Products purchased on credit 350 parts kits from Michaels Electronics for $38 per kit. Michaels paid $320 to have the kits shipped to Lubin. Lubin paid for the kits on December 1.On December 15, Lubin discovered that 4 kits were
(Appendix) INVENTORY TURNOVER. A recent annual report for The Limited shows cost of goods sold for the year of approximately $5,286 million and average inventory of approximately $769 million during the year.REQUIRED:1. Calculate The Limited’s inventory turnover.2. Assuming a 365-day year, how
The t-table has entries for areas of 0.10, 0.05, 0.025, 0.01, and 0.005. In contrast, the χ2-table has entries for those areas and for 0.995, 0.99, 0.975, 0.95, and 0.90. Explain why the t-values corresponding to these additional areas can be obtained from the existing t-table but must be provided
For a χ2-curve with 19 degrees of freedom, determine theχ2-value that has areaa. 0.025 to its right.b. 0.01 to its right.
For a χ2-curve with 22 degrees of freedom, determine theχ2-value that has areaa. 0.01 to its right.b. 0.005 to its right.
For a χ2-curve with df = 10, determinea. χ2 0.05.b. χ2 0.025.
For a χ2-curve with df = 4, determinea. χ2 0.005.b. χ2 0.01.
Primary Heating Fuel. According to Current Housing Reports, published by the U.S. Census Bureau, the primary heating fuel for all occupied housing units is distributed as follows.Primary heating fuel Percentage Utility gas 50.8 Fuel oil, kerosene 7.9 Electricity 33.9 Bottled, tank, or LPG 5.2 Wood
Meningiomas: Demographic profile of patients diagnosed with intracranial meningiomas is studied in two academic hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. The following table gives the relativefrequency distribution of intracranial meningiomas Diagnosis Glioma Myeloma Meningioma Pituitary adenoma
Freshmen Politics. The Higher Education Research Institute of the University of California, Los Angeles, publishes information on characteristics of incoming college freshmen in The American Freshman. In 2000, 27.7% of incoming freshmen characterized their political views as liberal, 51.9% as
Road Rage. The research article Road Rage: Prevalaence Pattern and web based survey Feasibility published by Hinawi Publishing Corporation by Shaily Mina, Rohit Verma, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, and Shiraz Ul-Hasan. The authors aims to quantitatively evaluate risk factors among motor vehicle drivers
M&M Colors. Observing that the proportion of blue M&Ms in his bowl of candy appeared to be less than that of the other colors, R. Fricker, Jr., decided to compare the color distribution in randomly chosen bags of M&Ms to the theoretical distribution reported by M&M/MARS consumer affairs. Fricker
Wheel of Fortune: A wheel of fortune player has 7 symbols with 6 sections of null and 1 section each of the rest 6 symbols. The following table shows the frequency of each symbol in 150 trials.Symbol Null one two three four five Six Frequency 65 15 5 7 20 23 15 At the 5% significance level, do the

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