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Business Statistics
The authors of the report ?Findings from the 2009 Administration of the College Senior Survey? (Higher Education Research Institute, 2010) asked a large number of college seniors how they would rate
College student attitudes about e-books were investigated in a survey of 1625 students. Students were asked to indicate their level of agreement with the following statement:? ?I would like to be
The paper “Effect of a Nutritional Supplement on Hair Loss in Women” (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology [2015]: 76–82) describes an experiment to see if a dietary supplement consisting of Omega
USA TODAY (August 25, 2015) reported that “American women favor Kate Middleton as a shopping buddy over Michelle Obama by 10 percentage points.” This statement was based on a study in which 1001
A news release from Intel, “Intel’s Security International Internet of Things Smart Home Survey Shows Many Respondents Sharing Personal Data for Money” (March 30, 2016, newsroom.intel.com
The press release “Men Need to Man Up, According to Ball Park Brand Survey” (PR Newswire, October 14, 2015) describes the results of a study in which 1012 U.S. men were asked a number of
The short article “Developing Science-Based Food and Nutrition Information” (Journal of the American Dietetic Association [2001]: 1144–1145) includes some guidelines for evaluating a research
An article titled “I Said, Not While You Study: Science Suggests Kids Can’t Study and Groove at the Same Time” appeared in the Washington Post (September 5, 2006). This provides an example of a
The actual paper referred to in the USA Today article described in the previous exercise was “Children’s Television Exposure and Behavioral and Social Outcomes at 5.5 years: Does Timing of
The article “Effects of Too Much TV Can Be Undone” (USA Today, October 1, 2007) included the following paragraph: Researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health report that it’s
The following paragraph appeared in USA Today (August 6, 2009): Cement doesn’t hold up to scrutiny A common treatment that uses medical cement to fix cracks in the spinal bones of elderly people
The San Luis Obispo Tribune (May 7, 2002) reported that “a new analysis has found that in the majority of trials conducted by drug companies in recent decades, sugar pills have done as well as—or
Suppose that the researchers who carried out the experiment described in the previous exercise thought that sex might be a potentially confounding variable. If 700 of the children participating in
The article “Study Points to Benefits of Knee Replacement Surgery Over Therapy Alone” (The New York Times, October 21, 2015) describes a study to compare two treatments for people with knee pain.
Give an example of an experiment for each of the following: a. Single-blind experiment with the subjects blindedb. Single-blind experiment with the individuals measuring the response blindedc.
The following is from an article titled “After the Workout, Got Chocolate Milk?” that appeared in the Chicago Tribune (January 18, 2005): Researchers at Indiana University at Bloomington have
The report “Comparative Study of Two Computer Mouse Designs” (Cornell Human Factors Laboratory Technical Report RP7992) included the following description of the subjects used in an experiment:
The authors of the paper “Playing by the Rules: Parental Mediation of Video Game Play” (Journal of Family Issues [2015]: 1–24) used data from a sample of parents to investigate the ways in
The 2013 National Study of Substance Use Habits of College Student-Athletes surveyed student-athletes at NCAA member colleges and universities. The passage below is from the survey website
Briefly explain why it is advisable to avoid the use of convenience samples.
Does sitting for long periods of time hurt your heart? The article “Why Sitting May Be Bad for Your Heart” (The New York Times, December 20, 2017) describes a study of 1700 people who were
A survey of adult Americans who are Internet users carried out in 2016 found that 79% were Facebook users (“Social Media Update 2016,” Pew Research Center, November 11, 2016). a. What
The article “Americans are ‘Getting the Wrong Idea’ on Alcohol and Health” (Associated Press, April 19, 2005) reported that observational studies in recent years that have concluded that
The article “Popping Cork Sound Makes Wine Taste Better” (decanter.com/wine-news/popping-cork -sound-makes-wine-taste-better-experiment -377364, retrieved February 11, 2018) describes a study in
The article ?Adolescents Living the 24/7 Lifestyle: Effects of Caffeine and Technology on Sleep Duration and Daytime Functioning? (Pediatrics [2009]: e1005-e1010) describes a study in which
In the United States, movies are rated by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). The accompanying table gives the MPAA rating of the 25 top money-making movies of 2015 (data from
The report 2013 International Bedroom Poll: Summary of Findings describes a survey of 251 adult Americans conducted by the National Sleep Foundation (sleepfoundation.org/sites/default
The report ?Trends in Community Colleges? (collegeboard.com/trends April 2106, trends .collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/trends-in -community-colleges-research-brief.pdf, retreived February 8,
Give brief definitions of the terms population and sample.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reported the estimated percentage of households with only wireless phone service (no landline) in 2014 for the 50 states and the District of Columbia
The report referenced in the previous exercise also gave wet weather grades for the same beaches: a. Construct a bar chart for the wet weather grades. b. Do the bar charts from Part (a) and from the
Heal the Bay is an environmental organization that releases an annual beach report card based on water quality (Heal the Bay Beach Report Card, beachreportcard.org, retrieved May 7, 2016). The grades
The accompanying table gives the total number visits and the number of unique visitors for some popular social networking sites in the United States for the month of July 2017. The number of unique
The following display is a graph similar to one that appeared in USA TODAY (June 29, 2009). This graph is meant to be a bar graph of responses to the question shown in the graph. a. Is response to
The report “With Their Whole Lives Ahead of Them” (publicagenda.org/files/theirwhole livesaheadofthem.pdf, retrieved February 6, 2018) includes data from a survey of 200 students who started
Box Office Mojo (boxofficemojo.com) tracks movie ticket sales. Ticket sales (in millions of dollars) for each of the top 20 movies in 2014 and 2015 are shown in the accompanying table. a.
An article in the New Times San Luis Obispo (February 4, 2016) reported the accompanying concussion rates for different high school sports. The given data are concussion rates per 10,000 athletes
The Gallup report “More Americans Say Real Estate Is Best Long-Term Investment” (gallup.com, April 20, 2016, retrieved April 15, 2017) included data from a poll of 1015 adults. The responses to
A building contractor has a chance to buy an odd lot of 5000 used bricks at an auction. She is interested in determining the proportion of bricks in the lot that are cracked and therefore
A consumer group conducts crash tests of new model cars. To determine the severity of damage to 2019 Toyota Camrys resulting from a 10-mph crash into a concrete wall, the research group tests six
The supervisors of a rural county are interested in the proportion of property owners who support the construction of a sewer system. Because it is too costly to contact all 7000 property owners, a
The National Retail Federation used data from a survey of 7439 adult Americans to estimate the percent who planned to spend more on holiday shopping in 2017 than they spent in 2016. They estimated
The student senate at a university with 15,000 students is interested in the proportion of students who favor a change in the grading system to allow for plus and minus grades (for example, B1, B,
Based on a study of 2121 children between the ages of 1 and 4, researchers at the Medical College of Wisconsin concluded that there was an association between iron deficiency and the length of time
The following conclusion from a study appeared in the article “Smartphone Nation” (AARP Bulletin, September 2009): “If you love your smart phone, you are not alone. Half of all boomers sleep
For the article that you selected in Exercise 43, suggest some confounding variables that may have an effect on the results of the study.In exerciseFind an article that describes a statistical study,
Use your calculator to generate 20 random integers from 1–100, and check the set of data for normality. Would you expect these data to be normal? Explain.
Explain how a pair of dice can be used to generate random numbers.
Explain how cards can be used to generate random numbers.
Which would be easier to simulate with random numbers, baseball or soccer? Explain.
A children?s beanbag game is set up as follows: Two children toss beanbags at the board as shown. They hit the board with a probability of 1/2 and score a 0 for a miss. When they hit the board, they
Many television and radio stations have a phone vote poll. If there is one in your area, select a specific day and write a brief paragraph stating the question of the day and state if it could be
Boxer A is favored to win over boxer B with odds 4:3. Simulate nine rounds between the two and declare a winner.
A sales representative finds that there is a 30% probability of making a sale by visiting the potential customer personally. For every 20 calls, find the probability of making three sales in a row.
Find a study that uses a questionnaire. Select any questions that you feel are improperly written.
A basketball player has a 60% success rate for shooting foul shots. If she gets two shots, find the probability that she will make one or both shots.
A field goal kicker is successful in 60% of his kicks inside the 35-yard line. Find the probability of kicking three field goals in a row.
Many research studies described in newspapers and magazines do not report the sample size or the sampling method used. Try to find a research article that gives this information; state the sampling
In Exercise 19, find the average number of shots fired.In Exercise 19Two shooters shoot clay pigeons. Gail has an 80% accuracy rate and Paul has a 60% accuracy rate. Paul shoots first. The first
Four dice are rolled 50 times. Find the average of the sum of the number of spots that will appear.
Select a cluster of 10 states, and compute the mean number of electoral votes for the sample. Compare this mean with the population mean. States and number of electoral votes for each AL GA 16 AK 3
Two shooters shoot clay pigeons. Gail has an 80% accuracy rate and Paul has a 60% accuracy rate. Paul shoots first. The first person who hits the target wins. Find the probability that each wins.
To win a certain lotto, a person must spell the word big. Sixty percent of the tickets contain the letter b, 30% contain the letter i, and 10% contain the letter g. Find the average number of tickets
A football is placed on the 10-yard line, and a team has four downs to score a touchdown. The team can move the ball only 0 to 5 yards per play. Find the average number of times the team will score a
Select a systematic sample of 10 states, and compute the mean number of electoral votes for the sample. Compare this mean with the population mean. States and number of electoral votes for each AL
The probability that a door is locked is 0.6, and there are five keys, one of which will unlock the door. The experiment consists of choosing one key at random and seeing if you can unlock the door.
Choose a different method to select 10 states and compute the sample mean high temperature. Compare with your answer in Exercise 15 and with the population mean. Do you see any features of this data
A caramel corn company gives four different prizes, one in each box. They are placed in the boxes at random. Find the average number of boxes a person needs to buy to get all four prizes.
Which method of sampling might be good for this set of data? Choose one to select 10 states and calculate the sample mean. Compare with the population mean. Record high temperatures AL 112 MT 117 AK
A die is rolled until all faces appear at least once. Find the average number of tosses.
Are there any characteristics of these data that might create problems in sampling? Average population State Pupils per teacher AL 15.9 47,949 65,468 49,885 AK 13.3 AZ 17.5 AR 15.0 46,631 69,324
Select a cluster sample of 10 states, and find the mean of the average population and the mean of the pupils per teacher. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? Average population State
Select a systematic sample of 10 states, and find the mean of the average population and the mean of the pupils per teacher. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? Average population
Using the table of random numbers, select 10 states and find the mean of the average population and the mean of the pupils per teacher. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? Average
Select a cluster sample of 10 states, and find the mean of the unemployment rates and the mean of the average weekly benefits. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? A verage weekly
Find the mean of the unemployment rates and the mean of the average weekly benefits. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? A verage weekly benefit ($) State Unemployment rate (%) AL 6.5
Select a systematic sample of 10 states, and find the mean of the unemployment rates and the mean of the average weekly benefits. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? A verage weekly
Select a random sample of 10 states, and find the mean of the unemployment rates and the mean of average weekly benefits. How do your results compare with the U.S. figures? A verage weekly benefit
Divide the 23 storms into 4 subgroups (The fourth group will only have 5 storms.). Then select a sample of three storms from each group. Compute the means for wind speeds. Compare these means to the
Select a cluster of 10 storms. Compute the sample means wind speeds. Compare these sample means with the population means. Atlantic or Classification Name Max. wind Pacific Ana 60 Bill 60 A
Select a systematic sample of eight storms and calculate the average maximum wind speed. Compare with the population mean. Atlantic or Classification Name Max. wind Pacific Ana 60 Bill 60 A
Give three examples of simulation techniques.
Select a random sample of eight storms by using random numbers, and find the average maximum wind speed. Compare with the population mean. Atlantic or Classification Name Max. wind Pacific Ana 60
Toss a coin 30 times and record the outcomes (H or T). Test the results for randomness at α = 0.05. Repeat the experiment a few times and compare your results.
Select a three-digit state lottery number over a period of 50 days. Count the number of times each digit, 0 through 9, occurs. Test the claim, at α = 0.05, that the digits occur at random.
Give three examples of proportions.
Conduct a survey of the number of extracurricular activities your classmates are enrolled in. Construct a probability distribution and find the mean, variance, and standard deviation.
Roll two dice 100 times and find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the sum of the dots. Compare the result with the theoretical results obtained in Exercise 20.In exerciseConstruct a
Select a newspaper or magazine article that involves a statistical study, and write a paper answering these questions.a. Is this study descriptive or inferential? Explain your answer.b. What are the
Find an article that describes a statistical study, and identify the study as observational or experimental.
Find a gambling game and explain how probability was used to determine the outcome.
Find three statistical studies and explain whether they used descriptive or inferential statistics.
In a newspaper or magazine of your choice, find a statistical study that contains an estimated population proportion.
Give an example of interest to you for comparing two population means. Identify the variable under consideration and the two populations.
In a current newspaper or magazine, find two examples of graphs that might be misleading. Explain why you think the graphs are potentially misleading.
Class Project: Number of Siblings. This exercise is a class project and works best in relatively large classes.a. Determine the number of siblings for each student in the class.b. Obtain a
In a newspaper or magazine, or on the Internet, find an example of a. A descriptive study.b. An inferential study.
Given A = {1, 4, 7}, B = {3, 4, 6, 8, 9} and C = {1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, solve the following.(a) A ∪ B = __________(b) A ∩ C = __________(c) B ∩ C = __________(d) A ∪ B ∪ C =
Determine a possible frame for conducting random sampling in each of the following studies.(a) The average amount of overtime per week for production workers in a plastics company in Queensland.(b)
The Land Transport Safety Authority of New Zealand conducted a survey on public attitudes to road safety and found that 78% of New Zealanders agreed that New Zealand roads are safer to travel on.
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