a$.$ A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell $($PEMFC$),$ producing liquid

water, operates at $80C$ on air $(\{$:$1(atm))$ on the cathode side with the volume

fraction given in Table $1.$ The anode side is fed with pure hydrogen $(1$atm.

Calculate the cell voltage for this cell when there is no current drawn. Write

the half$-$cell reactions at the cathode and anode, together with the overall cell

reaction. Will this cell voltage remain constant when the current starts to

flow? Discuss your answer.

Table $1.$ Composition of air

Table $2$ Variation of $G_x$ of $H_2+\frac{1}{2}{O}_2{H}_{2}O$ as a function of temperature

b$.$ If the anode of the $x$ is now directly supplied with syngas composed of $13$

mol$\%H_2,1$mol$\%C{H}_4,16$mol$\%CO,5$mol$\%C{O}_2,36$mol$\%H_{2}O$ and $29$

mol$\%N_2,$ with the same operating conditions and oxidant as in Q$3$a$,$ how

does the performance of this PEMFC compare to the one given in $Q3a.$

Discuss your answer and suggest detailed and specific methods, considering

gas mixtures fed into the cell anode, to improve the cell performance.

Support your arguments with findings from peer$-$reviewed articles.