Operating System Questions and Answers May 17, 2021

Influence of the number of processors on miss rate in multiprocessor Purpose: Study the influence of the number of processors on the miss rate during the execution of a parallel program in a symmetric multiprocessor. Development: Configure a system with the following architectural characteristics: - Cache coherence protocol = MESI. - Scheme for

What kind of machine tool is likely to be most economical for producing rotationally symmetric parts of the following characteristics: (a) requires turning, drilling, boring, and parting off, at production rates os 10,000 parts per month; (b) as (a) but only 10 parts per month; (c) a very slender high precision part requiring turning and parting

For a spherically symmetric medium, the wave equation in spherical coordinates can be written 128 (2) eik(u) ,2 Show that a solution is of the form u for the r dr as 1 du du ) dr v dt outgoing wave. Note that the dependence of amplitudes for a spherical wave can also be shown through considerations of energy over a spherical surface where energy

In executing Jobs A and B using the priority scheduling algorithm, what will happen if both jobs have: unequal priorities but equal CPU cycles? equal priorities but different CPU cycles? Some operating systems add the command interpreter to the kernel. What will be the justification for this design principle? How does the distinction between

If you were told to move a server application that is running on the same system that a client application is running on to a completely different machine, address the following: What would you first need to consider if this server application were moved to a different system that is also running your chosen OS? What would be the considerations if

One of the ways of public key distribution is public announcement. Can you think of a mechanism that can ensure proper public announcement of such key so that forgery is difficult for any attacker? Explain Can a public key cipher be used as a symmetric key cipher? Explain

You want to optimize your datacenter using Hyper-V virtualization. You have targeted four servers with dual-core processors that are old and taking up quite a bit of space. You want to implement the functions of these four servers using virtual machines. Two servers are running Windows Server 2012 R2, and two are running Windows Server 2016. Each

The present number of drivers in the country for which the sample was collected is 30 million. What is the expected total number of road fines a year in this state? If the average fine is 100 Euros, what are the expected annual budget revenues in the country under consideration due to road fines?

Frequencies 12 10 8 2 0 0 Histogram fines paid by drivers 11 1 2 3 4 Number of fines paid a year by a driver More

Prove that (p q) q (p q) q using logical equivalences.

A subsonic transport aircraft has a tapered, untwisted sweptback wing with straight leading and trailing edges. The tail uses a symmetrical airfoil with no local moment about its own aerodynamic center. The narrow fuselage may be neglected in the consideration of total lift and moment and the engine thrust is aligned through the mass centre. The

Two processes are using an IPC communication implemented in the kernel, what is the minimum overhead required from the moment the sender does a post to the moment the receiver process gets access to the communicated data (assume sender was running at the beginning): A)2 system calls and 2 context switches B)2 system calls and 1 context switch C) 2

when is busy waiting on a multicore multiprocessor a good policy for process synchronization A when there are many processes competing for the critical section B when there are few processes competing for the critical section and the critical section is really short when there are few processes competing for the C critical section and the critical

A snooping cache coherence protocol is implemented such as the one discussed in class, in a symmetric shared-memory multiprocessor with 3 processors sharing a bus, Describe the steps of the coherence protocol mentioning the eventual state of the data block in the caches of each of the 3 processors for each of the instructions below. Note that the

For ensuring smooth running and good force transmission, most machine designers try to keep the minimum transmission angle above O 60 degree O 75 degree O 30 degree O 40 degree

(a) Central Processing Unit (CPU) contains the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), control unit and registers.. illustrates the internal structure of a CPU. Arithmetic and logic unit Status flags Shifter Complementer Arithmetic and Boolean logic Internal CPU bus Registers Control unit Control paths (i) Explain the process that occurs between the elements

Given a bowl that contains apples, oranges, and pears and fruits of the same kind are considered identical. How many ways are there to select seven pieces of fruit from the bowl? How many ways are there to select seven pieces of fruit from the bowl, if we must select at least one from each fruit? How many different bit strings can be formed using

When a new operating system comes out, many people want to experience the new features and capabilities.Many users also find some fault or issue with their current operating system and feel that the new OS will be the solution that they have needed. Some users will upgrade their system while others will decide to just remove their old operating

Solve this equation for u to obtain Stephan Boltzmann's law. In the big-bang theory, the radiation energy which is initially confined in a small region adiabatically expands in a spherically symmetric way. Based on thermodynamic considerations together with results from part (b), find a relation between the temperature and the radius of the volume

Tdu 1u 3dT 3

2. (10 points) A mass on a spring moves symmetrically about x0 cm as follows (i) at Os the mass is at x 2.5 cm and (ii) it is moving in the positive direction, (iii) At x 5 cm it turnsaround. (iv) At 12s it has returned to x 0 (for the first time since t0). First, a caution dont believe everything your calculator tells you For example, if you

The bigbang theory of the universe makes the following thermodynamic assertion the radiation energy initially confined in a small region undergoes a spherically symmetric expansion. Show explicitly from thermodynamics considerations that in adiabatic expansion the radiation cools, that is, show that R x 1T, where R is the radius of the spherical

A symmetric unipositional magnetic lead system for measuring an MCG is shown below. Answer the following questions regarding the system. 67 mm 138 mm Y Y 56 mm 27 mm Le X,A. What does the abbreviation MCG stand for B. What does the unipositional descriptor imply about the magnetic lead coils used in this measurement configuration Hint what does

Harry drops os by mack's house and finds him working on his old pickup truck in the driveway. Mack kicks the truck and exclaims to Harry, This piece of junk isnt worth a tank of gas-you can have it. "Harry says thanks and the next day comes by with his SUv to tow away the pickup Mack stops him and says the truck is working now. Harry goes to court

Use a triple integral to find the volume of the region below the sphere x y z 80, 1 and above the paraboloid z(x y). 2 Use that both surfaces are rotationally symmetric about the z axis, so to find where the surfaces intersect, consideration can be reduced to two dimensions . Setting x y 2 in each surface equation, reduce finding bounds

A particle of mass m and total energy E moves in a symmetrical potential U(T) comprising two wells of width L separated by a barrier of height UB. The potential has minimum value 0 and is infinite at both ends U(x) E L UB L (a) On the axes provided, sketch the ground state wave function of the particle, taking into consideration qualitative

Use the power spectral density P(n4f), generate stochastic processes s(mT) having this energy distribution where T is the sampling period and M the desired number of signal samples in time. This is easily done through the following equation s(m 7) 2 df P(n)cos (2 ndf m T y) n0 Where s(mT) The stochastic process df frequency resolution

Determine for the following robotic structure the equations of motion using the NewtonEuler Algorithm and Lagrange formulation, respectively. It is a simplified version of the first three links of the UR5, as shown in Figure 1. Do not take into consideration the actuators, the frictions and the external forces. Assume that the links are symmetric

. Let (Xn, n 0, 1, 2,...) and (Yn, n 0, 1, 2,...) be two symmetric random walks in Z, such that Xo Yo 0. Note that X and Yn are integervalued random variables for each n. Suppose that X and Yn are independent random variables for each n. Is (XnYn, n 0, 1, 2,...) a Markov chain,. Let (Xn, n 0, 1, 2,...) and (Yn, n 0, 1, 2,...) be two

Figure shows a sheet pile wall cofferdam 6 m wide and 60 m long driven to a depth of 5 m in a sand 9 m thick deposit of sand overlying impermeable bedrock. The water level outside the pile is 3 m above the sand and 1 m of sand is excavated from within cofferdam. The properties of the sand are sat =20kN/m3 and k=7105 m/s. (Take Datum at the level

Sand 9m Im 4m 6m 3h 4m A,Sand 9m Im 4m 6m 3h 4 m A

Selasphorus sasin is the scientific name for what is commonly called (Allen's hummingbird). THis hummingbird lives on the west coast of the united states an is maned after C. A.Allen. Let x be a random variable that represents the incubation tone for the Allen Hummingbirds eggs. The x distribution has amen of = 16 days. The distribution os x

Apart from the normal file permissions read, write, and execute, which we set with chmod and chown commands, there are special permissions such as SUID. Normally in Linux OS when a program runs, it inherits access permissions from the logged-in user. However, SUID gives temporary permissions to a user to run a program or file with the permissions

Describe Demand Paged Memory Allocation and Segmented Memory Allocation. What's different between them? Draw the result of the Shortest seek time first (SSTE) and the LOOK (elevator algorithm) for this sequence: 25, 38, 15, 4, 40, 11, 35, 7, 14,13, 5. Describe different types of access allowed in Memory Management Draw the picture for C-SCAN and

State which of these combinations of particles can or cannot exist in an isospin 1 state () (b) (c) (d) (e) Ar

You are just employed as a Database Administrator (DBA) at Nusantara Hospital, which now has to cope with increasing number of patients. Currently, the hospital is using Microsoft SQL Server as its database software and installed it locally. There are programmers who design the database system and write web-based user interface. However, as the

Is the electric dipole transition from 1 to 2s> in hydrogen-like systems allowed? Suppose, you have a collection of hydrogen atoms in the 1s> state. You want to get the hydrogen atoms in the 2s> state for some experiment. Degeneracies of electronic states of various and have been removed by placing these atoms in a strong magnetic field. To excite

To provide cache consistency in a Symmetric Multiprocessor (SMP) configuration, the data cache often supports a protocol known as MESI protocol. Consider a machine with four processors P1, P2, P3 and P4, where each processor has their own dedicated cache memory C1, C2, C3, C4. Suppose processor P2 is accessing a certain memory read operation from

Which is not a type of operating system nanopropcessor mobile devices time share real time What is executed when you turn the power on a computer bootstrap program Operating system initializer central processing loader startup program

create a multithreaded file transfer application that sends and receives files from surrounding devices in the network using sockets. The device used for this project are raspberry pi running linux os with each device as part of a mesh network running on openthread. Each device should have running a multithreaded server and a client program which

Solving the Symmetric Top In this problem you will both qualitatively (analyt ically) and quantitatively (numerically) solve for the motion of a symmetric top that is fixed at one end and in a gravitational field. Recall that the Lagrangian in this case was L (MR 1) (0 6 sin 0)1(cos 0) MgR cos, where R R is the distance from the fixed tip of

Describe a problem you are faced with and then categorize it according to Sutherlands Four Types of Problems What are critical questions to help identify and understand the main barriers to solving this problem

Discuss the resources that operating systems need to effectively and efficiently perform tasks

Five "clients" who are looking to purchase computers. You will need to select two of these clients and provide them with hardware proposals. Your hardware proposals can be for workstations and/or laptops, but you must tailor the hardware configurations to meet the needs of your clients. You will need to decide what operating system will work best

Discuss the details ofyour new operating system's features and functionality The name of your operating system The type(s) of device(s) that will use the operating system The operating system's key features how the operating system will be accessible for a variety of users A brief overview of the operating system's security features in layman's

Write all the steps and logic of sorting faces and splitting external and internal faces for the part in figure 2. Put in consideration that merging symmetrical faces process has been applied. 80 35 X 140 45 R8 65 55 80 Center (102, 65) R 12 80 80 120 45 100 120 10 Figure 2 40, 165 24

The implementation of a shared memory can be done by three main methods: A multiplexed uniprocessor in which the runtime system and/or OS occasionally preempt and swap threads and there are interleaved with no parallelism mechanism Hardware multithreading where tolerate pipeline latencies and higher efficiency can happen. Multiprocessing where

Computer memory hierarchy was classified from the top to the bottom as inboard memory, outboard memory, and offline storage. a) Give an example for each classification category b) Explain what happens if we go down the hierarchy (from top to bottom in the hierarchy classification ). You can examine by using the following parameters; cost per bit,

In the 2009 Top 500 list of fastest computers systems, which architecture dominates? Symmetric shared-memory multiprocessor systems Centralized massively parallel processor systems Clusters of cooperative computers In a cloud formed by cluster of servers, all servers must be selected as follows: All cloud machines must be built on physical servers

An assembly language program implements the following loop. sum = 0; for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) sum sum + 1; Write the assembly program using the assembly language introduced in class.

Can a public key cipher be used as a symmetric key cipher? Explain

Sketch the sub-structures and loading for analysis of symmetric and anti-symmetric responses of the structure shown. Note the necessary boundary conditions, loading, and other modeling considerations for the sub- structures

3 kft 20 ft E, I constant 20 ft

Imagine you are working for ABC Computers Pvt. Ltd. as a research associate in the R&D department. The R&D team is involved in developing new innovative products for the company. As a part of the research for a new product, you are trying to: run multiprocessors on the system you are designing analyze, in terms of the operating system, how the OS

On servers and high-performance workstations, what considerations for disk capacity should be considered? Using a fault tolerant RAID option will increase storage capacity The speed of a hard drive affects the available capacity Hard disk drives, while larger in capacity, can be more expensive than solid-state drives The OS installation should be

Why is indefinite blocking a problem with the priority scheduling algorithm Because lowlevel processes that are scheduled have a chance of not executing. O Because highpriority processes that are scheduled may not execute. Because the process will release the CPU and then stop without executing. Because the CPU will generate error data and then

Which of the following is never an acceptable outcome of the sering a. No further level of EIA is required b. El consideration is not required c . A more limited EIA is required O d. A full and comprehensive EIA is required

In recent years with the advancement of IT infrastructure and reliable network, Distributed OS models are adopted for distributed application processing with less constrains of processing, memory, data protection and parallel processing. Here are 2 distributed models are given below, explain and to compare and critically evaluate based on criteria

What do the device controllers provide to have a similar interface between them and operating system? Explain why OS needs different modes of operation? In the absence of OS, what is the main problem for software programmers who are writing code for different devices? Explain what CPU will do when an interrupt is received? Which storage is closest

What are the advantages of implementing threads in user space? What are the disadvantages of it? Suppose a multiprocessor system has p homogeneous (equal capability) processors. The OS supports many-to-many multi-threading by providing up to p kernel threads for an application. Suppose a multi-thread application with u long-running threads is

Construct the exchange symmetric wave functions of the He atom in the ground state. (b) Use the quantum mechanical consideration explain the concept of the Electronic spin of the He atom.

last quarter of the previous year went through a major overhaul of the platforms. This included upgrading to the latest Windows server and RedHat OS versions, migrating to SSDs, and the latest router and switch OS releases. The central and west coast data centers will be performing the same upgrade later this year. Discuss how long outdated

Regarding to organization in parallel and superscalares processors and risc and cisc architecture a) In what consist the processing in parallel ? what are the types of systems of processors in parallel and which is its organization? b) what are the design considerations for a operating system with multiprocessor ? Explain. c) what are the basic

Systems with multiprocessors are increasingly used and important as they can provide multiprocessing. State how to perform multiprocessing and differentiate asymmetric multiprocessing from symmetric multiprocessing. Processes share a mailbox for communicating with each other indirectly. This is called Indirect Communication among Processes. Given

Demonstrate THREE (3) limitations for instruction level parallelism. Tunjukkan TIGA (3) limitasi untuk paras arahan keselarian. Compare the differences between clusters and symmetric multiprocessor Bandingkan perbezaan-perbezaan di antara pemproses berbilang kluster dan simetri.] Design a multiprocessor that has four cores, one dedicated cache for

What issues should an OS engineer take into consideration when designing an OS? In handling Web client requests, the Web server usually spawns off a thread per request, but not a process per request. Explain why! From Network engineers perspective list the difference between a distributed OS and network OS?.

Suppose a multiprocessor system has 8 equal capability processors. The OS supports multi-threading by providing up to 8 kernel threads and uses many-to-many model to map user threads to kernel threads. Suppose a multithreaded application with 12 threads is currently running on the system. Assuming there is no other process on the system, and hence

If you were going to develop a computer program on a device that is running the MAC OS and the program would run on this OS alone, address the following: What would be the key considerations when determining the size of the program and the amount of system resources it would take to run the program? Provide examples

Which operating system do you prefer to use and why (example: iOS, Android, Windows, MacOS, Linux, ChomeOS)? Choose exactly one (no more, no less) operating system and explain why this is the system you would choose as your preference. Remember to take into consideration the pros and cons of mobile OS vs a PC OS when making your decision

Explain how symmetric encryption can be used to secure data transmission over a public network system. What are the key considerations when selecting a symmetric encryption algorithm for network security, and how can encryption keys be securely exchanged between parties?

What is the difference between loosely coupled and tightly coupled parallel processor architecture Figure illustrates the architecture of the NonUniform Memory Access (NUMA). 31 Cache L2 Cache Main Memory 1 Processor N1 rocessor 1m 16 L2 Cache Directory Processor Nm 12 Cache Processor 21 1 Cache L2 Cache Interconnect Network 10 150 31 Cache 12

When recovering from deadlock, why can't the system just terminate the processes causing the deadlock? Identify some factors that the OS could take into consideration prior to process termination.

Describe two unique features of each of the following five parallel archi- tecture models. A unique feature means that it is not found in any of the other models. Parallel vector processor (PVP) Symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) Massively parallel processor (MPP) Cluster of workstations (COW). Distributed shared memory (DSM) machine.

Describe the steps executed by a kernel to context-switch between processes. Compare and contrast two major variations of message passing systems. Suppose you have a multiprocessor system with 4 equal capability processors. A special-purpose OS is installed in the system. The OS supports multi-threading by providing up to 4 kernel threads per

List FOUR different design considerations of multiprocessor operating system. Considering the following diagram, what would be the contents of MAR, MBR, PC and IR after the fetching of the next instruction. System bus MAR 140 MBR int cab CPU PC 150 IR int c ab Address Bus Data Bus Control Bus Memory 100 main() 110 ( 120 int a 10 130 int b20 140

1. One major advantage of Multiprocessor systems is increased flexibility. Briefly explain how this very advantage introduces increased complexity in the system design. 2. what is process synchronization List the different levels of parallelism that can occur and the level of synchronization that is required at each level, with justification(s).

When scheduling tasks on a symmetric multiprocessor system the first design decision that must be made concerning assignment of tasks to an available CPU is Should assignment be static or dynamic Should assignment be seal or parallel Should assignment be fair or unfair All of these are needed to designa multiCPU scheduler,5 18 Question 17 (2

Suppose you are designing a new I/O device and writing its driver program to interact with OS to process the user application / process requests, what will be the major considerations in your mind specially to achieve device independence? Explain the role of l-Node structure for OS file system implementation and what happens with a fixed size

Assume a system has a Symmetric Multiprocessor (SMP) organization where the processors clock rate is 1.5GHz. If it takes 400ns to access remote memory and the instructions per cycle are 1.75 without communication (i.e., no access to memory or l/O), what is the instruction per cycle if 3% of the instructions involve communication? what is the slow

If R 20 k2 and R resistance and voltage gain A. A) 0,41 B) 0,31 C) 02,31 D) 022,41 E) , 41 100 k2 in the below ideal op amp circuit, the circuits input vVin. respectively will be R www R RE

What is the messaged based interprocess communication on a Mac OS? Give an example of a time-sharing operating system? Give an example of an OS that uses Uniform memory? Give an example of an OS that uses Symmetric multiprocessing

Create a revised version of the Microsoft Word document that identifies the requirements for Acme Toys Inc., along with the requirements an OS implementation must address. New topics to include in the discussion this week are the role of OSs in networks, multiprocessor systems, synchronization and resource management, and scheduling. Analyze three

Explain Resource ownership Explain Scheduling/execution Explain multithreading Explain thread synchronization Explain Symmetric Multiprocessing (parallelism) Explain Single instruction single data (sisD) Explain Single instruction multiple data (SIMD) Explain multiple instruction single data (MISD) Explain multiple instruction multiple data (MIMD)

Create a process that has producer thread and a consumer thread. Both threads access a finite buffer of MAX_LENGTH and the items in the buffer are integers. By the time the program terminates all produced items should be consumed, in the right order (FIFO), and the final buffer should be empty. Your program should: a. Read an input from the user

You are asked to implement a producer and a simple scheduler for N consumers. The producer and the consumers are represented as threads. The producer thread produces different integer numbers and put them in a queue. Design a simple scheduler that will handle the synchronization of the consumer threads. The scheduler should make sure that only one

Assume val is an atomic integer in a Linux system. What is the value of variable val after the following operations have been completed atomcset(val, 30) atomicdec(val) atomicadd(25, val) atomicsub(15,val) Write code to implement any one of the above mentioned function using the CAS instruction. When a process (assume A) signals condition variable

The threads created in Linux need their local memory to execute independently. Discuss the difference between the techniques of using local variables and TLS to achieve that. Which one would be preferred in which scenario?

Threads in a multithreaded process each have their own O 1. register set, stack, heap, and set of open file descriptors register set, stack, program counter, heap and global data section O 2. 3, register set, program counter, stack and priority 4. register set, stack, global data section and set of open file descriptors

MEMORY MANAGEMENT IN LINUX vs MEMORY MANAGEMENT IN WINDOWS. What are the main advantages of Linux memory management ? and what are the main disadvantages of memory management in Windows operating system ?

Which of the following are true about processesthreads and concurrency Select one or more a. To ensure data consistency, a shared resource should not be accessed by a thread if there is currently another thread accessing it. b. When two threads concurrently access and modify the value of a shared variable x, the final value of x will determined by

There are two Threads stored in the Red-Black Tree data structure, where thread A has a vruntime value of 10 and thread B has a vruntime value of 20. What can necessarily be concluded from this? 1 . The priority of thread A is higher than that of thread B 2. The priority of thread B is higher than that of thread A 3. Both threads are in Ready mode

Process A has two threads A1 and A2 with estimate running time of 2 and 4 milliseconds. Process B has one thread B1 with estimate running time of 6 milliseconds. The process quantum time is 4 milliseconds and threads can run up to 2 milliseconds CPU burst. Determine the mean thread turnaround time for the user level Round Robin threads scheduling

The package management system is a fundamental component of Linux distributions, providing a streamlined approach to software installation, removal, and updates. Understanding the concepts and functionality of package management systems is essential for efficient software management and system administration in Linux environments. (a) Explain how

Write a C program using Pthreads on Linux that acts like a countdown timer alarm: The program implements a timer with two threads When the program starts, prompt the user for a number of seconds to set the timer (look into using scanf() to do this) Start two threads: 1. A thread that waits for a notification that the timer expired; when the timer

If a thread of a multithreaded process creates a new thread Either a new single (or multiple) threaded process is created that has a duplicate PCB of the original thread. The new thread will start its execution exactly where the creating thread is A new thread is created in the same process A child thread is created that shares the stack and

How does the ext4 file system in Linux enhance performance and reliability compared to earlier file system versions? What role does the "chroot" command play in Linux user management and system security? How can the Linux "sudo" command be effectively configured to balance user accessibility and system protection in user management? How does

How to create a linux thread that will calculate the nth term of fibonacci sequence and return the result to main function in c language.

The program shown below uses the Pthreads API. Run the program and find out what the output are at LINE C and LINE P. Add a second thread to the program above replicating the child process part for the new thread. Execute your code three times and record the output and explain why you get those results.

include include int value 0 void runner (void param) the thread int main(int argc, char argv) pidt pid pthreadt tid pthreadattrt attr pid fork() if (pid 0) child process pthreadattrinit(attr) pthread create(tid, attr, runner,NULL) else if (pid gt 0) parent process wait (NULL) printf(PARENT value d, value) LINE P pthreadjoin(tid,

A Linux thread that executes the following switch statement and takes the -1 case: switch( fork() ){ case -1: exit(0); case 0: execl("./new_prog", "new_prog", NULL); } a. creates a child and then terminates itself b. leaves the switch statement and continues to execute its code c. cannot create a child and thus terminates itself d. creates a child

Create a program where one dispatcher and 10 'worker' threads are created. Set all of the worker threads to block on the same condition variable. Last, use pthread_cond_broadcast to manually signal all worker threads to wake up at the same time.

discuss the advantages and disadvantages of virtualization. What are hypervisors?

Implement multithreaded processing using Pthreads. Coordinate threads and access to shared data. Requirements: Create threads using Pthreads Coordinate threads to execute a task Manage shared access to data between threads Manage thread creation, joining/detachment, cleanup

Write comparison of Linux with Windows and Android in APA style. The following outline must be followed: - Process Management Perspective - Memory Management Perspective - I/O Management Perspective - File Management Perspective - Network Management Perspective

What is a Linux distribution OA The Linux file system as seen from the root account after mounting all file systems. A bundling of the Linux kemel, system utilities and other software. The set of rules which governs the distribution of Linux kernel source code. An operating system based on Linux but incompatible to the regular Linux kernel. A set