Questions and Answers of Statistics For Business And Economics

The following data represent the lengths (to the nearest whole millimeter) of 80 shoots from seeds of a certain type planted at the same time.Using one of the software packages (R, Minitab, SPSS, or
On a particular day, when asked, “How many minutes did you exercise today?” the following were the responses of 30 randomly selected people:Using one of the software packages (R, Minitab, SPSS,
Using the information obtained from the publications of the American Statistical Association (www.amstat.org) or any other reference, write a short report on how to collect survey data, and what the
A game in a state lottery selects four numbers from a set of numbers, {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, with no number being repeated. How many possible groups of four numbers are possible?
A 10-bit binary word is a sequence of 10 digits, of which each may be either a 1 or a 0. How many 10-bit words are there?
Insulin, a peptide hormone built from 51 amino acid residues, is one of the smallest proteins known (note that proteins are made up of chains of amino acids) with a molecular weight of 5808 Da.
An urn contains 12 white, 5 yellow, and 13 black marbles. A marble is chosen at random from the urn, and it is noted that it is not one of the black marbles. What is the sample space in view of this
How many different six-place license plates are possible if the first three places and the last place are to be occupied by letters and the fourth and fifth places are to be occupied by numbers?
In how many different ways can 15 tickets to a football game be distributed among a class of 30 students if each student gets at most one ticket?
How many different four-letter English words (with or without meaning) can be written using distinct letters from the alphabet?
In a box there are three slips of paper, with one of the letters A, C, T written on each slip. If the slips are drawn out of the box one at a time, what is the probability of obtaining the word CAT?
A homeowner wants to repaint her home and install new carpets (no store where she live sells both paint and carpet). She plans to get the services from the stores where she buys the paint and carpet.
Five white and four black balls are arranged in a row. What is the probability that the end balls are of different colors?
If the kth moment of a random variable exists, show that all moments of order less than k exist.
For different observations, construct normal plots and check for normality of the corresponding populations.
Using software (such as Minitab), generate 15 observations each from the following distributions: (a) Normal (2, 4),(b) Uniform (0, 1), (c) Gamma (2, 4), and (d) Exponential (2).For
Suppose that the genetic makeup of the population of a city is as in Table 2.1. An individual is considered to have the dominant characteristic if the person has the AA or Aa genetic trait. If we
The table below lists the total number of medals won by the top 15 countries in the Winter Olympic Games in 2018. Using a graphical method, display these
What is the most common way to get political and election news?Responses1. Cable TV2. Local TV3. Network TV4. News website/app5. Print6. Radio7. Social media
Should legal immigration to the United States decrease (1), stay the same (2), or increase (3)?
Should taxes be lowered (1), stay the same (2), or increased (3) on large businesses and corporations?
American Silent Generation (born between 1928 and 1945)Your political values are1. Consistent conservative2. Mostly conservative3. Mixed4. Mostly liberal5. Consistent liberal
How stressful do you find your commute?1. Very or somewhat stressful2. Not too stressful3. Not stressful at all
Do you think moderate drinking (1 or 2 alcoholic drinks per day) is good for your health (1), makes no difference (2), or is bad for your health (3)?
Rate current economic conditions1. Excellent/good2. Only fair3. Poor
Do you think you are underpaid for the work you do (1), paid about the right amount (2), or overpaid for the work you do (3)?
Thinking about the future do you think labor unions in this country will become stronger than they are today (1), stay the same as today (2), or become weaker than they are today (3)?
How would you rate the U.S. economic system compared to all other modern industrialized countries?1. Best/Above average2. Average3. Worst/Below average
If a federal election were held tomorrow, which of the following parties would you vote for in your local constituency?1. Liberal2. Conservative3. NDP4. Green5. BQ6. Other
How concerned are you about climate change?1. Extremely concerned2. Very concerned3. A little concerned4. Not concerned
In early 2018 the Trump administration imposed tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminum. Canada’s prime minister responded to this action by announcing that Canada will place tariffs on a number of
If a major news event occurred, where would you most likely hear it first?1. Television2. Radio3. Word of mouth4. News website5. Twitter6. News alert7. News app8. Facebook
Following are the number of deaths in the provinces and territories of Canada.a. Graphically present these figures.b. Reorganize the list to improve the presentation of the
A survey asked single males and single females to calculate their net worth ($thousands). Compute the mean and median for both groups. What do the relative positions of the means and medians tell you
An analysis of children between the ages of 6 and 17 and their participation in after-school sports produced the following information. Proportion of students participating in sports in School
The probability that a baby has Down syndrome is primarily a function of the mother’s age. The probabilities are listed here.AgeProbability of Down
The coffee shop in the business school is open until 9:00 p.m. each week day. The amount of coffee sold after 8:00 p.m. each day is normally distributed with a mean of 15 cups and a standard
In 2018 approximately 60% of Americans owned the house they lived in. We would expect that figure to be much higher in this net worth category. Determine a confidence interval estimate of the
A Leisure World Cohort Study examined a random sample of people who are 90 and older. Each was categorized having dementia (1), or no sign of dementia (0). According to the U.S. Census there are
There are more than 100,000 pet care service businesses in the United States with approximately 111,000 workers. A survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau asked a random sample of households
It is important for retailers to know who their best customers are and how much they spend. A survey of Baby Boomers and Generation X asked respondents to keep track of their expenditures of food to
Exercise 12.150 referred to a Gallup survey conducted in October that asked shoppers how much they expect to spend on Christmas presents. A follow-up survey in November of the same year asked a
Appliance manufacturers and retailers need to identify households that are likely customers. A random sample of households was asked to keep track of the amount of money they spend on major
The age category 18–49 is considered a key target for retailers. To illustrate the importance of this age category, Nielsen Ratings tracks the shows that are watched by Americans between the ages
Do college graduates with post-graduate degrees stay longer in their current jobs than do college graduates with no post-graduate degrees? Random samples from each population were drawn. Conduct
It seems reasonable to assume that family structure has an effect on virtually all aspects of family life. Taking random samples of families composed of married couples with no children and married
How much do customers of pizza restaurants spend and are there differences between pizza restaurants? A survey was conducted by Citi Research where random samples of customers of Pizza Hut and Papa
Baseball fans who watch games on television can usually see something called the pitch tracker. It allows viewers to see whether the umpire made the correct call. According to rule 2.00 of the Major
Large firms looking to expand their operations will often investigate regions looking at several variables including the cost of electricity, property tax, and many others. Random samples from each
Do entering students into the programs Physical Sciences, Biological and Biomedical Sciences, and Mathematics and Statistics have similar SAT Mathematics scores? To find out, a statistics
Electricity is perceived as the best form of energy, because burning oil and natural gas emits carbon dioxide and because nuclear power leaves dangerous spent radioactive fuel rods. To examine the
One measure of the state of the economy is job tenure, the amount of time that employees have worked at the same job. If it is a useful measure, there should be variation between the years when the
The following restaurant chains have menu prices that are quite similar: Red Lobster, Grand Lux, Outback Steakhouse, Cheesecake Factory, and Longhorn. A management consultant needed to know whether
A statistician conducted an informal mail survey of several countries around the world. Among other things, the statistician wanted to gauge how the citizens of each country felt about immigration.
During the pandemic many children did not attend school. In many households, the children were expected to learn on their own using textbooks and other teaching material. A U.S. Census survey took a
What about class and television? The survey asked individuals to identify themselves as one of the following. CLASS: 1 = Lower class, 2 = Working class, 3 = Middle class, 4 = Upper class. Are there
Are Democrats young and are Republicans old? Conduct a test to determine whether there are differences in ages (AGE) between the eight groups.
Golf ball manufacturers are constantly looking for ways to improve the performance of their products. One producer came up with an idea to help high handicap golfers (i.e., they’re not very good),
In the United States in 2018, 14.5% of the population was 65 years of age and older. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the survey included too many older adults (AGE)?
A financial analyst was looking for new markets but was unsure which markets to pursue. To acquire more information, the analyst conducted a survey of Baby Boomers (born between 1946 and 1964),
The general manager of a golf ball manufacturer wanted to learn more about how golfers choose the brands of balls they use. In particular the company was curious about any differences between male
A random sample of 1,002 Americans in a Gallup survey was asked how they tip at sit-down restaurants: 1 = Credit card, 2 = Debit card, 3 = Cash. They were also asked how often they tip: 1 = Always, 2
The issue of immigration has become a high priority among voters. In the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the federal agency responsible for dealing with illegal immigrants.
In January 2018 Pew Research conducted surveys around the world asking how the media in their country reports the news. One of the question asked respondents whether their media covered political
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act and nicknamed Obamacare, has been subject to much debate since it passed in March 2010. In November 2016,
Are all three categories of race equally likely to choose to work for themselves? Or does the frequency with which some choose to work for themselves differ between the three races? Conduct a test to
Do Americans who self-report which class they belong to make this decision based on their educational attainment as measured by their degree? Conduct a test to determine whether there are differences
a. Estimate the coefficients of the simple regression model based on the insurance company’s argument. In other words, use the attendance figures for the last 4 weeks in 1991 and the next 28 weeks
Not content with the conclusion of the chapter-opening example, an economist wanted to determine whether there is a linear relationship between education and after-tax income. A random sample of
As a general rule the cost of land in small towns and cities is less than that of large cities. Consequently, property values and property taxes are also lower. To investigate, a realtor undertook a
Do public sector workers (WRKGOVT: 1 = Government, 2 = Private) believe that they are less likely to lose their jobs in the next 12 months than private sector employees (JOBLOSE: 1 = Very likely, 2 =
The real estate agent described realized that the price of Florida condominiums depends on other variables besides the floor. Accordingly, the agent went back to the list of 50 condos and determined
The Palm Beach County, Florida, library system has a dozen different branches. The management was in the process of deciding where to place a new library. The choices are near several “Over
According to ESPN there are 34,011 golf courses in the world. There are 15,372 in the United States, down from a peak of 16,952. Part of the problem is that golf is a time-consuming game often
An economist wanted to analyze the relationship between the number of residents in a household (called consumer units) and income. A random sample of households was drawn and each reported the number
Is having more children an incentive to earn more income, or does having a larger income induce families to have more children? Do the data provide sufficient evidence to infer that the two variables
What is the main generator of debt in middle-class households? For most households, the cost of buying a house must be at or near the top of sources of indebtedness. Conduct a test to determine
Spring Lakes Golf Club is located in Stouffville, Ontario. It is a private course where members pay $1,000 per year and $50 per 18-hole round. To determine whether to alter the current fee structure,
Thinking about the next 12 months, how likely do you think it is that you will lose your job or be laid off (JOBLOSE: 1 = Very likely, 2 = Fairly likely, 3 = Not too likely, 4 = Not likely)?
About how easy would it be for you to find a job with another employer with approximately the same income and fringe benefits you now have (JOBFIND: 1 = Very easy, 2 = Somewhat easy, 3 = Not easy)?
On the whole, how satisfied are you with the work you do (SATJOB: 1 = Very satisfied, 2 = Moderately satisfied, 3 = A little dissatisfied, 4 = Very dissatisfied)?
Studies indicate that Americans are becoming less trusting of the media. Does this mean that they read newspapers less frequently in 2018 than in 2016 (NEWS: Do you read newspapers… 1 = Every day,
The economy was booming in 2018. Did this make people happier? Conduct a test to determine whether there is enough evidence to infer that Americans were happier in 2018 than in 2016 (HAPPY: Taken
The education (EDUC) variable in the General Social Survey is the number of years of education. In the Survey of Consumer Finances, the education (EDUC) variable is defined as follows:EDUC: –1 =
The table on the next page lists the number of medals won by the top 15 countries in the 2016 Summer Olympic Games.a. Use a bar chart to summarize these figures.b. Would a pie chart be a better
Here is a list of the top 15 countries in the world in terms of nuclear power consumption. Use a graphical method to display these figures. Country Belgium Canada China Czech
In the 2018 midterm election the second most important issue for voters was immigration. (Health care was the most important issue.) To provide more information we have recorded the total number the
Here is a list of the 15 largest countries in the world in terms of population. Use a bar chart to display these figures.
At WLU (a famous Canadian university), suppose that instructors mark exams out of 100 and then must convert that mark to a letter grade using the following conversions.A: 80–100B: 70–79.9C:
The total population of all countries in the world is 7,632,819,325. Use the population figures in Exercise 2.30 and this figure to draw a pie chart.Exercise 2.30Here is a list of the 15 largest
Refer to Exercise 2.20. Another pair of students achieved the following marks.Student P: 94, 91, 88, 77, 75, 74, 66, 65, 54, 52Student Q: 93, 91, 88, 75, 75, 73, 67, 66, 55, 51a. Calculate the
At another university, the marks are converted into letter grades using the following conversions.A1: 90–100A: 85–89.9A2: 80–84.9B1: 77–79.9B: 73–76.9B2: 70–72.9C1: 67–69.9C:
A generally accepted figure to describe the size of a country’s economy is the gross domestic product (GDP), which measures the monetary value of final goods and services—produced in a country in
Abacus Data Date: November 2016 Population: Canadian adults Question: What do you see as the most important issue facing Canada today?1. The economy in general2. Health
How does race affect the death rate from COVID-19? The number of deaths from COVID-19 and the race were recorded as follows.RaceNumber of
The table below lists the number of cases and deaths of COVID-19 in California for each of 10 age categories and the population. (Cases refer to the number of positive test results.)AgeNumber of
The table below lists the fatality rate for China, Italy, South Korea, and Spain for each of nine age groups. The figures in this table were produced early in the pandemic (February to March 2020).
The figures below were produced from January 25 to May 17, 2020, in the province of Ontario. It shows the population of each of the nine age groups, the number of infected people, the infection rate
A report by the Public Health Agency of Canada in November 26, 2020, listed the number of deaths by age category. (There were an additional 177 deaths where the age was not reported.)AgeNumber
There is an ongoing debate in the United States concerning guns. The Second Amendment to the Constitution allows American citizens to own guns. However, this does not stop gun control advocates from

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