Consider two open-loop amplifiers in cascade, with a noise signal generated between the two amplifiers as in Figure 12.3(a). Assume the amplification of the first stage is \(A_{2}=100\) and that of the second stage is \(A_{1}=1\). If \(V_{\text {in }}=10 \mathrm{mV}\) and \(V_{n}=1 \mathrm{mV}\), determine the signal-to-noise ratio at the output.

Figure 12.3(a):-

Vi A = 10 + + (a) A = 10 VOA