All Matches

Solution Library

Expert Answer

Textbooks

Search Textbook questions, tutors and Books

Oops, something went wrong!

Change your search query and then try again

Result Not Found

Books FREE
Tutors
Study Help
Ask a Question

Search
Sign In
Register

study help
chemistry
physical chemistry

Questions and Answers of Physical Chemistry

A solution is made up by dissolving 15.0 g Na2CO3∙10H2O in 100.0 g of water. What is the molality of Na2CO3 in this solution?
An aqueous solution is 15.0% by mass of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, CuSO4∙5H2O. What is the molarity of CuSO4 in this solution at 20°C? The density of this solution at 20°C is 1.167 g/mL.
An aqueous solution is 20.0% by mass of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, Na2S2O3∙5H2O. What is the molarity of Na2S2O3 in this solution at 20°C? The density of this solution at 20°C is 1.174 g/mL.
The freezing point of 0.0830 m aqueous acetic acid is €“0.159°C. Acetic acid, HC2H3O2, is partially dissociated according to the equation
The freezing point of 0.109 m aqueous formic acid is 0.210°C. Formic acid, HCHO2, is partially dissociated according to the equation
A compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen was burned in oxygen, and 1.000 g of the compound produced 1.434 g CO2 and 0.783 g H2O. In another experiment, 0.1107 g of the compound was dissolved in
A compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen was burned in oxygen, and 1.000 g of the compound produced 1.418 g CO2 and 0.871 g H2O. In another experiment, 0.1103 g of the compound was dissolved in
Explain why the boiling point of a solution containing a nonvolatile solute is higher than the boiling point of a pure solvent.
List two applications of freezing-point depression.
Explain the process of reverse osmosis to produce drinkable water from ocean water.
One can often see “sunbeams” passing through the less dense portions of clouds. What is the explanation for this?
Explain on the basis that “like dissolves like” why glycerol, CH2OHCHOHCH2OH, is miscible in water but benzene, C6H6, has very limited solubility in water.
What are the two factors needed to explain the differences in solubilities of substances?
Explain how soap removes oil from a fabric.
Consider two hypothetical pure substances, AB(s) and XY(s). When equal molar amounts of these substances are placed in separate 500-mL samples of water, they undergo the following reactions:AB(s) →
Equal numbers of moles of two soluble, substances, substance A and substance B, are placed into separate 1.0-L samples of water.a. The water samples are cooled. Sample A freezes at -0.50°C, and
Even though the oxygen demands of trout and bass are different, they can exist in the same body of water. However, if the temperature of the water in the summer gets above about 23°C, the trout
You want to purchase a salt to melt snow and ice on your sidewalk. Which one of the following salts would best accomplish your task using the least amount: KCl, CaCl2, PbS2, MgSO4, or AgCl?
Ten grams of the hypothetical ionic compounds XZ and YZ are each placed in a separate 2.0-L beaker of water. XZ completely dissolves, whereas YZ is insoluble. The energy of hydration of the Y+ ion is
Explain in terms of intermolecular attractions why octane is immiscible in water.
Small amounts of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute and a volatile solute are each dissolved in separate beakers containing 1 kg of water. If the number of moles of each solute is equal:a. Which
A Cottrell precipitator consists of a column containing electrodes that are connected to a high-voltage direct current (DC) source. The Cottrell precipitator is placed in smokestacks to remove smoke
Consider the following dilute NaCl(aq) solutions.a. Which one will boil at a higher temperature?b. Which one will freeze at a lower temperature?c. If the solutions were separated by a semipermeable
A green leafy salad wilts if left too long in a salad dressing containing vinegar and salt. Explain what happens.
If 1-mol samples of urea, a nonelectrolyte, sodium chloride, and calcium chloride are each dissolved in equal volumes of water in separate containers:
Consider the following three beakers that contain water and a non-volatile solute. The solute is represented by the orange spheres.
Explain why ionic substances show a wide range of solubilities in water.
Indicate which of the following is more soluble in ethanol, C2H5OH: acetic acid, CH3COOH, or stearic acid, C17H35COOH.
Arrange the following alkaline-earth-metal iodates in order of increasing solubility in water; explain your reasoning: Ba(IO3)2, Ca(IO3)2, Sr(IO3)2, Mg(IO3)2. IO3 is a large anion.
Explain the trends in solubility (grams per 100 mL of water) of the alkali-metal fluorides and permanganates.
The solubility of carbon dioxide in water is 0.161 g CO2 in 100 mL of water at 20°C and 1.00 atm. A soft drink is carbonated with carbon dioxide gas at 5.50 atm pressure. What is the solubility of
Nitrogen, N2, is soluble in blood and can cause intoxication at sufficient concentration. For this reason, the U.S. Navy advises divers using compressed air not to go below 125 feet. The total
How would you prepare 72.5 g of an aqueous solution that is 5.00% potassium iodide, KI, by mass?
Using the concept of hydration, describe the process of dissolving a sodium chloride crystal in water.
How would you prepare 455 g of an aqueous solution that is 6.50% sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, by mass?
What mass of solution containing 5.00% potassium iodide, KI, by mass contains 258 mg KI?
What mass of solution containing 6.50% sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, by mass contains 1.50 g Na2SO4?
Vanillin, C8H8O3, occurs naturally in vanilla extract and is used as a flavoring agent. A 39.1-mg sample of vanillin was dissolved in 168.5 mg of diphenyl ether, (C6H5)2O. What is the molality of
Lauryl alcohol, C12H25OH, is prepared from coconut oil; it is used to make sodium lauryl sulfate, a synthetic detergent. What is the molality of lauryl alcohol in a solution of 17.1 g lauryl alcohol
Fructose, C6H12O6, is a sugar occurring in honey and fruits. The sweetest sugar, it is nearly twice as sweet as sucrose (cane or beet sugar). How much water should be added to 1.75 g of fructose to
Caffeine, C8H10N4O2, is a stimulant found in tea and coffee. A sample of the substance was dissolved in 45.0 g of chloroform, CHCl3, to give a 0.0946 m solution. How many grams of caffeine were in
A 100.0-g sample of a brand of rubbing alcohol contains 65.0 g of isopropyl alcohol, C3H7OH, and 35.0 g of water. What is the mole fraction of isopropyl alcohol in the solution? What is the mole
An automobile antifreeze solution contains 2.50 kg of ethylene glycol, CH2OHCH2OH, and 2.00 kg of water. Find the mole fraction of ethylene glycol in this solution. What is the mole fraction of water?
A bleaching solution contains sodium hypochlorite, NaClO, dissolved in water. The solution is 0.650 m NaClO. What is the mole fraction of sodium hypochlorite?
What is the usual solubility behavior of an ionic compound in water when the temperature is raised? Give an example of an exception to this behavior.
An antiseptic solution contains hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, in water. The solution is 0.600 m H2O2. What is the mole fraction of hydrogen peroxide?
Concentrated hydrochloric acid contains 1.00 mol HCl dissolved in 3.31 mol H2O. What is the mole fraction of HCl in concentrated hydrochloric acid? What is the molal concentration of HCl?
Concentrated aqueous ammonia contains 1.00 mol NH3 dissolved in 2.44 mol H2O. What is the mole fraction of NH3 in concentrated aqueous ammonia? What is the molal concentration of NH3?
Oxalic acid, H2C2O4, occurs as the potassium or calcium salt in many plants, including rhubarb and spinach. An aqueous solution of oxalic acid is 0.580 m H2C2O4. The density of the solution is 1.022
Citric acid, H3C6H5O7, occurs in plants. Lemons contain 5% to 8% citric acid by mass. The acid is added to beverages and candy. An aqueous solution is 0.688 m citric acid. The density is 1.049 g/mL.
A solution of vinegar is 0.763 M acetic acid, HC2H3O2. The density of the vinegar is 1.004 g/mL. What is the molal concentration of acetic acid?
A beverage contains tartaric acid, H2C4H4O6, a substance obtained from grapes during wine making. If the beverage is 0.265 M tartaric acid, what is the molal concentration? The density of the
Calculate the vapor pressure at 35°C of a solution made by dissolving 20.2 g of sucrose, C12H22O11, in 70.1 g of water. The vapor pressure of pure water at 35°C is 42.2 mmHg. What is the
What is the vapor pressure at 23°C of a solution of 1.20 g of naphthalene, C10H8, in 25.6 g of benzene, C6H6? The vapor pressure of pure benzene at 23°C is 86.0 mmHg; the vapor pressure of
What is the boiling point of a solution of 0.150 g of glycerol, C3H8O3, in 20.0 g of water? What is the freezing point?
Give one example of each: a salt whose heat of solution is exothermic and a salt whose heat of solution is endothermic.
A solution was prepared by dissolving 0.834 g of sulfur, S8, in 100.0 g of acetic acid, HC2H3O2. Calculate the freezing point and boiling point of the solution.
An aqueous solution of a molecular compound freezes at -0.086°C. What is the molality of the solution?
Urea, (NH2)2CO, is dissolved in 100.0 g of water. The solution freezes at -0.085°C. How many grams of urea were dissolved to make this solution?
A 0.0182-g sample of an unknown substance was dissolved in 2.135 g of benzene. The molality of this solution, determined by freezing-point depression, was 0.0698 m. What is the molecular mass of the
A solution contains 0.0653 g of a compound in 8.31 g of ethanol. The molality of the solution is 0.0368 m. Calculate the molecular mass of the compound.
Safrole is contained in oil of sassafras and was once used to flavor root beer. A 2.39-mg sample of safrole was dissolved in 103.0 mg of diphenyl ether. The solution had a melting point of 25.70°C.
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is used as an antioxidant in processed foods. (It prevents fats and oils from becoming rancid.) A solution of 2.500 g of BHT in 100.0 g of benzene had a freezing point
Dextran is a polymeric carbohydrate produced by certain bacteria. It is used as a blood plasma substitute. An aqueous solution contains 0.582 g of dextran in 106 mL of solution at 21°C. It has an
Arginine vasopressin is a pituitary hormone. It helps regulate the amount of water in the blood by reducing the flow of urine from the kidneys. An aqueous solution containing 21.6 mg of vasopressin
What is the freezing point of 0.0075 m aqueous calcium chloride, CaCl2? Use the formula of the salt to obtain i.
What is the freezing point of 0.0091 m aqueous sodium phosphate, Na3PO4? Use the formula of the salt to obtain i.
A 0.0140-g sample of an ionic compound with the formula Cr(NH3)5Cl3 was dissolved in water to give 25.0 mL of solution at 25°C. The osmotic pressure was determined to be 119 mmHg. How many ions are
In a mountainous location, the boiling point of pure water is found to be 95°C. How many grams of sodium chloride must be added to 1 kg of water to bring the boiling point back to 100°C? Assume
Give the type of colloid (aerosol, foam, emulsion, sol, or gel) that each of the following represents.a. Rain cloudb. Milk of magnesiac. Soapsudsd. Silt in water
Give the type of colloid (aerosol, foam, emulsion, sol, or gel) that each of the following represents.a. Ocean sprayb. Beaten egg whitec. Dust cloudd. Salad dressing
A gaseous mixture consists of 80.0 mole percent N2 and 20.0 mole percent O2 (the approximate composition of air). Suppose water is saturated with the gas mixture at 25°C and 1.00 atm total pressure,
A natural gas mixture consists of 90.0 mole percent CH4 (methane) and 10.0 mole percent C2H6 (ethane). Suppose water is saturated with the gas mixture at 20°C and 1.00 atm total pressure, and the
An aqueous solution is 8.50% ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, by mass. The density of the solution is 1.024 g/mL. What are the molality, mole fraction, and molarity of NH4Cl in the solution?
Explain why a carbonated beverage must be stored in a closed container.
An aqueous solution is 27.0% lithium chloride, LiCl, by mass. The density of the solution is 1.127 g/mL. What are the molality, mole fraction, and molarity of LiCl in the solution?
A 55-g sample of a gaseous fuel mixture contains 0.51 mole fraction propane, C3H8; the remainder of the mixture is butane, C4H10. What are the masses of propane and butane in the sample?
The diving atmosphere used by the U.S. Navy in its undersea Sea-Lab experiments consisted of 0.036 mole fraction O2 and 0.056 mole fraction N2, with helium (He) making up the remainder. What are the
A liquid solution consists of 0.25 mole fraction ethylene dibromide, C2H4Br2, and 0.75 mole fraction propylene dibromide, C3H6Br2. Both ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide are volatile
What is the total vapor pressure at 20°C of a liquid solution containing 0.30 mole fraction benzene, C6H6, and 0.70 mole fraction toluene, C6H5CH3? Assume that Raoult's law holds for each component
A sample of potassium aluminum sulfate 12-hydrate, KAl(SO4)2 ∙ 12H2O, containing 118.6 mg is dissolved in 1.000 L of solution. Calculate the following for the solution: a. The molarity of
A sample of aluminum sulfate 18-hydrate, Al2(SO4)3∙18H2O, containing 159.3 mg is dissolved in 1.000 L of solution. Calculate the following for the solution: a. The molarity of Al2(SO4)3. b. The
Urea, (NH2)2CO, has been used to melt ice from sidewalks, because the use of salt is harmful to plants. If the saturated aqueous solution contains 41% urea by mass, what is the freezing point? (The
Calcium chloride, CaCl2, has been used to melt ice from roadways. Given that the saturated solution is 32% CaCl2 by mass, estimate the freezing point.
The osmotic pressure of blood at 37°C is 7.7 atm. A solution that is given intravenously must have the same osmotic pressure as the blood. What should be the molarity of a glucose solution to give
For the reaction given in Example 13.1, how is the rate of formation of NO2F related to the rate of reaction of NO2?
Write the rate equation, showing the dependence of rate on concentrations, for the elementary reaction NO2 + NO2 → N2O4
Nitrogen monoxide, NO, reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogendioxide.2NO(g)+ O2(g) †’ 2NO2(g) (overall equation)If the mechanism iswhat is the predicted rate law? Remember to express this
Iodide ion is oxidized by hypochlorite ion in basic solution. I(aq) + ClO(aq) → Cl(aq) + IO(aq) In 1.00 M NaOH at 25oC, the iodide-ion concentration (equal to the ClO concentration) at
The initial-rate method was applied to the decomposition of nitrogen dioxide. 2NO2(g) → 2NO(g) + O2(g) It yielded the following results: Initial NO2 Initial Rate of Concentration Formation of
a. What would be the concentration of dinitrogen pentoxide in the experiment described in Example 13.5 after 6.00 × 102 s? b. How long would it take for the concentration of N2O5 to decrease to
The isomerization of cyclopropane, C3H6, to propylene, CH2=CHCH3, is first order in cyclopropane and first order overall. At 1000oC, the rate constant is 9.2/s. What is the half-life of cyclopropane
Acetaldehyde, CH3CHO, decomposes when heated.CH3CHO(g) †’ CH4(g)Ã— CO(g) The rate constant for the decomposition is 1.05Ã— 103/(M1/2ˆ™s) at 759 K and 2.14
The iodide ion catalyzes the decomposition of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. This decomposition is believed to occur in two steps. H2O2 + I → H2O + IO (elementary reaction) H2O2 + IO → H2O
Shown here is a plot of the concentration of a reactant D versus time.a. How do the instantaneous rates at points A and B compare?b. Is the rate for this reaction constant at all points in time?
Consider the reaction Q + R → S + T and the rate law for the reaction: Rate = k[Q]0[R]2 a. You run the reaction three times, each time starting with [R] = 2.0 M. For each run you change the
Rate laws are not restricted to chemical systems; they are used to help describe many “everyday” events. For example, a rate law for tree growth might look something like this: Rate of growth =
A reaction believed to be either first or second order has a half-life of 20 s at the beginning of the reaction but a half-life of 40 s sometime later. What is the order of the reaction?
Consider the following potential-energy curves for two different reactions:a. Which reaction has a higher activation energy for the forward reaction? b. If both reactions were run at the same
You are a chemist in charge of a research laboratory that is trying to increase the reaction rate for the balanced chemical reaction X + 2Y → Z a. One of your researchers comes into your office and

Showing 2900 - 3000 of 4002

First
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
Last

Get In Touch

About Us
Contact Us
Career
Jobs
FAQ
Campus Ambassador

Company Info

Security
Copyrights
Privacy Policy
Terms & Condition
SolutionInn Fee
Scholarship

Services

Sitemap
Fun
Definitions
Become Tutor
Study Help Categories
Recent Questions
Expert Questions

Copyright © 2024 SolutionInn All Rights Reserved.

Get the SolutionInn - Study Help App