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Questions and Answers of Databases

Describe the key characteristics of the Object Exchange Model (OEM).
In Example 30.8, we created a XML Query Data Model for the XML document of Figure 30.22(a). Now create an XML Query Data Model for the corresponding XML Schema of Figure 30.22(b).
Create an XML Query Data Model for each of the XML documents created above.
Create an XML document and an XML Schema for the Hotel Schema given in the Exercises at the end of Chapter 4. Now attempt to write XQuery expressions for Exercises 6.7 – 6.26.
What is XML and how does XML compare to SGML and HTML?
Discuss the advantages of XML.
What is the difference between a well-formed XML document and a valid XML document?
Describe the differences between the Document Type Definition (DTD) and the XML Schema.
Discuss the main tasks associated with the administration and management of a data warehouse.
The purpose of this exercise is to present a scenario that requires you to act in the role of business intelligence (BI) consultant for your university (or college) and produce a report to guide
Describe the processes associated with data extraction, cleansing, and transformation tools.
Discuss the activities associated with initiating an enterprise data warehouse (EDW) project.
Identify three types of analysis that the DM can support about property sales.
Identify three types of analysis that the DM cannot support about property sales.
Discuss how you would change the DM to support the queries identified in Exercise 32.11.
What is the purpose of the fact table and dimension tables shown in the property sales DM?
Identify two examples of natural and surrogate keys in the property sales DM and discuss the benefits associated with using surrogate keys in general.
Compare and contrast the approaches taken in the development of an EDW by Inmon’s Corporate Information Factory (CIF) and Kimball’s Business Dimensional Lifecycle.
Examine the bus matrix for a university shown in Figure 32.12. The university is organized as schools such as the School of Computing, School of Business Studies and each school has a portfolio of
Examine the dimensional model (star schema) shown in Figure 32.13. This model describes part of a database that will provide decision support for a taxi company called FastCabs. This company provides
Discuss the concepts associated with dimensionality modeling.
Describe how star, snowflake, and starflake schemas differ.
Discuss the phased approach used in the DM stage of Kimball’s Business Dimensional Lifecycle.
Discuss what Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) represents.
Discuss the relationship between data warehousing and OLAP.
Describe OLAP applications and identify the characteristics of such applications.
Describe Codd’s rules for OLAP tools.
Discuss how OLAP functionality is provided by the ROLLUP and CUBE functions of the SQL standard.
Discuss how OLAP functionality is provided by elementary operators such as moving windows and ranking functions of the SQL standard.
Discuss what data mining represents.
Provide examples of data mining applications.
Describe the main aims and phases of the CRISP-DM model.
Discuss the relationship between data warehousing and data mining.
Define each of the following terms:a. Datab. Informationc. Metadatad. Enterprise resource planninge. Data warehousef. Constraintg. Databaseh. Entityi. Database management systemj. Client/server
List nine key components that comprise a typical database environment.
Name the five phases of the traditional systems development life cycle, and explain the purpose and deliverables of each phase.
Are there procedures and processes that are common to the use of SDLC, prototyping, and agile methodologies? Explain any that you can identify and then indicate why the methodologies are considered
Explain the differences between user views, a conceptual schema, and an internal schema as different perspectives of the same database.
Revisit the section titled "Developing a Database Application for Pine Valley Furniture Company." What phases of the database development process (Figure 1-8) do the activities that Chris performs in
Why might Pine Valley Furniture Company need a data warehouse?
As the ability to handle large amounts of data improves, describe three business areas where these very large databases are being used effectively.
Match the following terms and definitions: _________ Data _________ Database application _________ Constraint _________ Repository _________ Metadata _________ Data warehouse _________
For each of the following pairs of related entities, indicate whether (under typical circumstances) there is a one-to-many or a many-to-many relationship. Then, using the shorthand notation
Reread the definitions for data and database in this chapter. Database management systems only recently began to include the capability to store and retrieve more than numeric and textual data. What
Table 1-1 shows example metadata for a set of data items. Identify three other columns for these data (i.e., three other metadata characteristics for the listed attributes) and complete the entries
In the section "Disadvantages of File Processing Systems," the statement is made that the disadvantages of file processing systems can also be limitations of databases, depending on how an
Consider the data needs of the student-run newspaper in your university or high school. What are the data entities of this enterprise? List and define each entity. Then, develop an enterprise data
A driver's license bureau maintains a database of licensed drivers. State whether each of the following represents data or metadata. If it represents data, state whether it is structured or
Great Lakes Insurance would like to implement a relational database for both its in-house and outside agents. The outside agents will use both tablets and notebook computers to keep track of
Figure 1-21 shows an enterprise data model for a music store.a. What is the relationship between Album and Store (one-to-one, many-to-many, or one-to-many)?b. What is the relationship between Artist
Consider Figure 1-11, which depicts a hypothetical multitier database architecture. Identify potential duplications of data across all the databases listed on this figure. What problems might arise
What is your reaction to the representation of the systems development life cycle included in this chapter? Explain any problems you have with it.
Contrast the following terms:a. Data dependence; data independence b. Structured data; unstructured data c. Data; information d. Repository; database e. Entity; enterprise data model f. Data
Consider your business school or other academic unit as a business enterprise. a. Define several major data entity types and draw a preliminary enterprise data model (similar in notation to Figure
Contrast the top-down nature of database development during conceptual data modeling with the bottom-up nature of database development during logical database design. What major differences exist in
The objective of the prototyping systems development methodology is to rapidly build and rebuild an information system as the user and systems analyst learn from use of the prototype what features
Explain the differences between an enterprise data model and a conceptual data model. How many databases does each represent? What scope of the organization does each address? What are other salient
Is it possible that during the physical database design and creation step of database development you might want to return to the logical database design activity? Why or why not? If it is possible,
Consider an organization with which you frequently interact, such as a bank, credit card company, university, or insurance company, from which you receive several computer-generated messages, such as
Consider Figure 1-14. Explain the meaning of the line that connects CUSTOMER to ORDER and the line that connects ORDER to INVOICE. What does this say about how Pine Valley Furniture Company does
Consider the project data model shown in Figure 1-15.a. Create a textual description of the diagrammatic representation shown in the figure. Ensure that the description captures the rules/constraints
Answer the following questions concerning Figures 1-17 and 1-18:Figures 1-17Figures 1-18a. What will be the field size for the ProductLineName field in the Product table? Why?b. In Figure 1-18, how
List five disadvantages of file processing systems.
Helen Jarvis wants to determine the most important customers for Home Office products. She requests a listing of total dollar sales year-to-date for each customer who bought these products, as
In this chapter, we described four important data models and their properties: enterprise, conceptual, logical, and physical. In the following table, summarize the important properties of these data
Investigate whether the organization follows more of a traditional file processing approach or the database approach to organizing data. How many different databases does the organization have? Try
Interview systems and database analysts at this organization. Ask them to describe their systems development process. Which does it resemble more: the systems development life cycle or prototyping?
Interview a systems analyst or database analyst and ask questions about the typical composition of an information systems development team. Specifically, what role does a database analyst play in
Interview a systems analyst or database analyst and ask questions about how that organization uses data modeling and design tools in the systems development process. Concentrate your questions on how
List the nine major components in a database system environment.
Create a memo describing your initial analysis of the situation at FAME as it relates to the design of the database application. Write this as though you are writing a memo to Martin Forondo. Ensure
Create an enterprise data model that captures the data needs of FAME. Use a notation similar to the one shown in Figure 1-4.In figure 1-4
What does the term data independence mean, and why is it an important goal?
List 10 potential benefits of the database approach over conventional file systems.
List five costs or risks associated with the database approach.
Define each of the following terms:a. Entity typeb. Entity-relationship modelc. Entity instanced. Attributee. Relationship typef. Strong entity typeg. Multivalued attributeh. Associative entityi.
State three conditions that suggest the designer should model a relationship as an associative entity type.
List the four types of cardinality constraints, and draw an example of each.
Give an example, other than those described in this chapter, of a weak entity type. Why is it necessary to indicate an identifying relationship?
What is the degree of a relationship? List the three types of relationship degrees described in the chapter and give an example of each.
Give an example (other than those described in this chapter) for each of the following, and justify your answer:a. Derived attributeb. Multivalued attributec. Atomic attributed. Composite attributee.
Give an example of each of the following, other than those described in this chapter, and clearly explain why your example is this type of relationship and not of some other degree. a. Ternary
Give an example of the use of effective (or affectivity) dates as attributes of an entity.
State a rule that says when to extract an attribute from one entity type and place it in a linked entity type.
What are the special guidelines for naming relationships?
In addition to explaining what action is being taken, what else should a relationship definition explain?
Match the following terms and definitions._________ Composite attribute_________ Associative entity_________ Unary relationship_________ Weak entity_________ Attribute_________ Entity_________
For the Manages relationship in Figure 2-12a, describe one or more situations that would result in different cardinalities on the two ends of this unary relationship. Based on your description for
Why is it recommended that every ternary relationship be converted into an associative entity?
A cellular operator needs a database to keep track of its customers, their subscription plans, and the handsets (mobile phones) that they are using. The E-R diagram in Figure 2-24 illustrates the key
For each of the descriptions below, perform the following tasks: i. Identify the degree and cardinalities of the relationship. ii. Express the relationships in each description graphically with an
Answer the following questions concerning Figure 2-22:a. Where is a unary relationship, what does it mean, and for what reasons might the cardinalities on it be different in other organizations?b.
There is a bulleted list associated with Figure 2-22 that describes the entities and their relationships in Pine Valley Furniture. For each of the 10 points in the list, identify the subset of Figure
Consider the two E-R diagrams in Figure 2-25, which represent a database of community service agencies and volunteers in two different cities (A and B). For each of the following three questions,
Contrast the following terms: a. Stored attribute; derived attribute b. Simple attribute; composite attribute c. Entity type; relationship type d. Strong entity type; weak entity type e. Degree;
Are associative entities also weak entities? Why or why not? If yes, is there anything special about their "weakness"?
Because Visio does not explicitly show associative entities, it is not clear in Figure 2-22 which entity types are associative. List the associative entities in this figure. Why are there so many
Figure shows a grade report that is mailed to students at the end of each semester. Prepare an ERD reflecting the data contained in the grade report. Assume that each course is taught by one
Add minimum and maximum cardinality notation to each of the following figures, as appropriate: a. Figure 2-5 b. Figure 2-10a c. Figure 2-llb d. Figure 2-12 (all parts) e. Figure 2-13c f. Figure 2-14
The Is Married To relationship in Figure 2-12a would seem to have an obvious answer in Problem and Exercise 2-33d—that is, until time plays a role in modeling data. Draw a data model for the PERSON

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