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engineering
chemical engineering

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 7th edition J. M. Smith, H. C. Van Ness, M. M. Abbott - Solutions

Five kilograms of liquid carbon tetrachloride undergo a mechanically reversible, iso- haric change of state at I bar during which the temperature changes from 0(C to 20(C. Determine (V1, W, , (H1, and (U1. The properties for liquid carbon tetrachloride at I bur and 0 C may he assumed independent of
Natural gas (assume pure methane) is delivered to a city via pipeline at a volumetric rate of 150 million standard cubic feet per day. Average delivery conditions are 50((F) and 300psial. Determine (a) The volumetric delivery rate in actual cubic feet per day. (b) The molar delivery rate in kmol
Some corresponding-states correlations use the critical compressibility factor Zc. rather than the acentric factor (, as a third parameter. The two types of correlation (one based on Tc, Pc, and Zc, the other on Tc. Pc, and () would be equivalent were there a one- to-one correspondence between Zc
An ideal gas, initially at 25(C and 1 bar, undergoes the following cyclic processes in a closed system: (a) In mechanically reversible processes, it is first compressed adiabatically to 5 bar, then cooled at a constant pressure of 5 bar to 25(C, and finally expanded isothermally to its original
Use the equation of the preceding problem and data from Table F.2 to obtain a value of B for water at one of the following temperatures: (a) 300(C (b) 350(C (c) 400(C
Use the result of the preceding problem and data from Table E.1 to obtain a value of B for simple fluids at Tt = 1, Compare the result with the value implied by Eq. (3.65).
The following conversation was overheard in the corridors of a large engineering firm. Mw engineer: "Hi, boss, Why the big smile?" Old-timer: "1 finally won a wager with Harry Carey, from Research. He bet me that I couldn't come up with a quick but accurate estimate for the molar volume of argon at
Five mol of calcium carbide arc combined with 10 mol of water in a closed, rigid, high pressure vessel of 1800 cm3 internal empty volume. Acetylene gas is produced by the reaction: CaC2(s) + 2H2O(t) ( C2H2(g) + Ca(OH)2(s) The vessel contains packing with a porosity of 40% to prevent explosive
Storage is required for 35,000 kg of propane, received as a gas at I0(C and l (atm). Two proposals have been made: (a) Store it as a gas at 10(C and 1(atm). (b) Store it as a liquid in equilibrium with its vapor at 10(C and 6.294(atm). For this mode of storage, 90% of the tank volume is occupied by
One mole of an ideal gas with CP = (7/2) R and CV = (5/2) R expands from P1 = 8 bar and T1 = 600 K to P2 = 1 bar by each of the following paths: (a) Constant volume: (b) Constant temperature; (c) Adiabatically, Assuming mechanical reversibility, calculate W. Q, (C, and AH for each process, Sketch
An ideal gas initially at 600 K and 10 bar undergoes a four-step mechanically reversible cycle in a closed system. In step 12, pressure decreases isothermally to 3 bar; in step 23, pressure decreases at constant volume to 2 bar; in step 34, volume decreases at constant pressure: and in step 41, the
For steady flow in a heat exchanger at approximately atmospheric pressure, what is the heat transferred: (a) When 10 mol of SO2 is heated from 200 to l,100(C? (b) When 12 mol of propane is heated from 250 to 1,200(C?
Table 9.1 lists the thermodynamic properties of saturated liquid and vapor tetrafluo-roethane. Making use of the vapor pressures as a function of temperature and of the saturated-liquid and saturated-vapor volumes, calculate the latent heal of vaporization by Eq. (4,11) at one of the following
Handbook values for the latent heats of vaporization in J g-1 arc given in the table for several pure liquids at 0(C. ________________________(H at 0(C Chloroform............................270.9 Methanol.............................1,189.5 Tetrachloromethane...................217.8 For one of
Table B.2 of Appendix B provides parameters for an equation that gives P sat as a function of T for a number of pure compounds. For one of them, determine the heat of vaporization at its normal boiling point by application of Eq. (4.1), the Clapcyron equation. Evaluate dP sat/dT from the given
A method for determination of the second viriul coefficient of a pure gas is based on the Clapeyron equation and measurements of the latent heat of vaporization (Hfu, the molar volume of saturated liquid Vl, and the vapor pressure P sat. Determine B in cm3 mol-1 for methyl ethyl ketone at 75(C from
One hundred kmol per hour of subcooled liquid at 300 K and 3 bar is superheated to 500 K in a steady-flow heat exchanger. Estimate the exchanger duty (in kW) for one of the following: (a) Methanol, for which T sat = 368.0 K at 3 bar. (b) Benzene, for which T sat = 392.3 K at 3 bar. (c) Toluene, for
Saturated-liquid benzene at pressure P1 = 10 bar = (T1 sat = 451.7 K) i*. throttled in a steady-flow process to a pressure P2 = 1.2 bar (T2 sat = 358.7 K), where it is a liq- uid/vapur mixture. Estimate the molar fraction of the exit stream that is vapor. For liquid benzene. CP = 162 J mol-1 K-1.
Estimate (H((298 for one of the following compounds as a liquid at 25(C. (a) Acetylene, (b) 13-Butadiene, (c) Ethylbenzene, (d) n-Hexane, (e) Styrene.
A reversible compression of 1 mol of an ideal gas in a piston/cylinder device results in a pressure increase from 1 bar to P2 and a temperature increase from 400 K to 950 K. The path followed by the gas during compression is given by PV1.55 = const, and the molar heat capacity of the gas is given
Hydrocarbon fuels can be produced from methanol by reactions such as the following, which yieklds 1-hexene: 6CH3OH(g) ( C6H12(g) + 6H2O(g) Compare the standard heat of combustion at 25(C of OCThOHigl with the standard heat of combustion at 25(C of C6H12(g) for reaction products CO2(g) and H2O(g).
Calculate the theoretical flame temperature when ethylene at 25(C is burned with: (a) The theoretical amount of air at 25(C. (b) 25% excess air at 25(C. (c) 50% excess air at 25(C. (d) 100% excess air at 25(C. (e) 50% excess air preheated to 500(C.
For steady Bow through a heat exchanger at approximately atmospheric pressure, what is the final temperature, (a) When heat in the amount of 800 kJ is added to 10 mol of ethylene initially at 200(C? (b) When heat in the amount of 2,500 kJ is added to l5 mol of 1-butene initially at 260(C? (c) When
What is the standard heat of combustion of n-pentane gas at 25(C if the combustion products are H2O(l) and CO2(g)?
Determine the standard heal of each of the following reactions at 25(C: (a) N2(g) + 3H2(g) ( 2NH3(g) (b) 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ( 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) (c) 3NO2(g) + H2O(l) ( 2HNO3(l) + NO(g) (d) CaC2(s) + H2O(g) ( C2H2(g) + CaO(s) (e) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(g) ( 2NaOH(s) + H2(g) (f) 6NO2(g) + 8NH3(g) ( 7N2(g) +
Develop a general equation for the standard heat of reaction as a function of temperature for one of the reaction given in parts ((), (b) (e), (f), (g), (h), (j), (k), (l), (m), (n), (o), (r), t), (u), (v), (w), (x), (y), and (z) of Pb. 4.21.
Natural gases (assume pure methane) is delivered to a city via pipeline at a volumetric rate of 150 million standard cubic feet per day. If the selling price of the gas is S5.00 per GJ of higher heating value, what is the expected revenue in dollars per day? Standard conditions are 60((F) and
Natural gases arc rarely pure methane; they usually also contain other light hydrocarbons and nitrogen. Determine on expression for the standard heat of combustion as a function of composition for a natural gas containing methane, ethane, propane, and nitrogen. Assume liquid water as a product of
If the heat of combustion of urea, (NH2)2CO(s), at 25(C is 631 660 J mol-1 when the products are CO2(g), H2O(l), and N2(g), what is (H((298 for urea?
A light fuel oil with an average chemical composition of C10H18 is burned with oxygen in a bomb calorimeter. The heat evolved is measured as 43,960 J g-1 for the reaction at 25 (C. Calculate the standard heat of combustion of the fuel oil at 25(C with and H2O(g) as products. The reaction in the
Methane gas is burned completely with 30% excess air at approximately atmospheric pressure. Both the methane and the air enter the furnace at 30(C saturated with water vapor, and the due gases leave the furnace at 1,500(C. The flue gases then pass through a heat exchanger from which they emerge at
If 250(ft)3(s)-l of air at 122((F) and approximately atmospheric pressure is preheated for a combustion process to 932((F), what rate of heat transfer is required?
Ammonia gas enters the reactor of a nitric acid plant mixed with 30% more dry air than is required for the complete conversion of the ammonia to nitric oxide and water vapor. If the gases enter the reactor at 75(C [167((F)], if conversion is 80%, if no side reactions occur, and if the reactor
Ethylene gas and steam at 320(C and atmospheric pressure are fed to a reaction process as an equimolar mixture. The process produces ethanol by the reaction: C2H4(g) + H2O(g) ( C2H5OH(t) The liquid ethanol exits the process at 25(C. What is the heat transfer associated with this overall process per
A gas mixture of methane and steam at atmospheric pressure and 500(C is fed to a reactor, where the following reactions occur:The product stream leaves the reactor at 850(C. Its composition (mole fractions) is: Determine the quantity of heal added to the reactor per mole of product gas.
A fuel consisting of 75 mol-% methane and 25 mol-% ethane enters a furnace with 80% excess air al 30(C, If 8 ( 105 kJ per kg mole of fuel is transferred as heat to boiler tubes, at what temperature docs the flue gas leave the furnace? Assume complete combustion of the fuel.
The gas stream from a sulfur burner consists of 15 mol-% SO2, 20 mol-% O2, and 65 mol-% N2. The gas stream at atmospheric pressure and 400(C enters a catalytic converter A here 86% of the SO2 is further oxidized to SO2. On the basis of 1 mol of gas entering, how much heat must he removed from the
Hydrogen is produced by the reaction: CO(g) + H2O(g) ( CO2(g) + H2(g). The feed stream 10 the reactor is an equimolar mixture of carbon monoxide and steam, and it enters the reactor at 125(C and atmospheric pressure. If 60% of the H2O is converted to H2 and if the product stream leases the reactor
An equimolar mixture of nitrogen and acetylene enters a steady-flow reactor at 25(C and atmospheric pressure. The only reaction occurring is: N2(g) + C2H2 ( 2HCN(g). The product gases leave the reactor at 600(C and contain 24.2 mol-% HCN, How much heat is supplied to the reactor per mole of product
Chlorine is produced by the reaction: 4HCI(g) + O2 ( 2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g). The feed stream to the reactor consists of 60 mol-% HCl. 36 moI-% O2, and 4 mol-% N2, and it enters the reactor at 550(C. If the conversion of HCl is 75% and if the process is isothermal, how much heat must be transferred from
A gas consisting only of CO and N2 is made by passing a mixture of flue gas and air through a bed of incandescent coke (assume pure carbon). The two reactions that occur both go to completion:They yield a flue gas of composition: 12.8 mol-% CO, 3.7 mol-% CO', 5.4 mol-%, O2, and 78.1 mol-% N2, The
How much heat is required when 10,000 kg of CaCO3 is heated at atmospheric pressure from 50(C to 880(C?
A fuel gas consisting of 94 mol-% methane and 6 mol-% nitrogen is burned with 35% excess air in a continuous water heater. Both fuel gas and air enter dry at 77((F), Water is heated at a rate of 75(lbm)(s)-1 from 77 ((F) to 203((F). The flue gases leave the heater at 410((F). Of the entering
A process for the production of 1, 3-butadiene results from the catalytic dehydrogenation at atmospheric pressure of 1-butene according u> the reaction: C4H8(g) ( C4H6(g) + H2(g) To suppress side reactions, the 1-butene feed stream is diluted with steam in the ratio of 10 moles of steam per mole of
(a) An air-cooled condenser transfers heat at the rate of 12(Btu) s-1 to ambient air at 70((F). If the air temperature is raised 20((F), what is the required volumetric flow rate of the air? (b) Rework Part (a) for a beat-transfer rate of 12 kJ s-1, ambient air at 24(C. and a temperature rise of
(a) An air-conditioning unit cools 50(ft)3 s-1 of air at 94((F) to 68((F). What is the required heat-transfer rate in (Btu) s-1. (b) Rework Part (a) for a flowrate of 1.5 m3 s-1, a temperature change from 35 to 25(C, and units of kJ s-l.
A propane-tired water heater delivers 80% of the standard heat of combustion of the propane [at 25(C with CO2(g) and H2O(g) as products) to the water. If the price of propane is $2.20 per gallon as measured at 25(C, what is the heating cost in $ per million (Btu)? In $ per MJ?
Determine the heat transfer (J mol-1) when one of the gases identified below is heated in a steady-flow process from 25 to 500 C at atmospheric pressure. (a) Acetylene; (b) Ammonia; (c) n-Butane: (d) Carbon dioxide; (e) Carbon monoxide; (f) Ethane; (g) Hydrogen; (h) Hydrogen chloride; (i) Methane:
Determine the final temperature for one of the gases of the preceding problem if heal in the amount of 30,000 J mol-1 is transferred to the gas, initially at 25(C, in a steady flow process at atmospheric pressure.
Quantitative thermal analysis has been suggested as a technique for monitoring the composition of a binary gas stream. To illustrate the principle, do one of the following problems. (a) A methane/ethane gas mixture is heated from 25 to 250(C at 1(atm) in a steady- flow process. If Q = 11, 500 J
Saturated steam at 1(atrn) and 100(C is continuously generated from liquid water at 1(atm) and 25(C by thermal contact with hoi air in a counterflow heat exchanger. The air flows steadily at l(atm). Determine values for m (steam)/n(air) for two cases: (a) Air enters the exchanger at 1,000(C. (b)
The oxidation of glucose provides the principal source of energy for animal cells. Assume the reactants are glucose [C6H12O6(s)] and oxygen [O2(g)]. The products are CO2(g) and H2O(l). (a) Write a balanced equation for glucose oxidation, and determine the standard heat of reaction at 298 K. (b)
A natural-gas fuel contains 85 mol-% methane, 10 mol-% ethane, and 5 mol-% nitrogen. (a) What is the standard heat of combustion (kJ mol-1) of the fuel at 25(C with H2O(g) as a product? (b) The fuel is supplied to a furnace with 50% excess air, both entering at 25(C. The products leave at 600(C. If
Calculate the heat capacity of a gas sample from the following information: The sample comes to equilibrium in a flask at 25(C and 121.3 kPa. A stopcock is opened briefly, allowing the pressure to drop to 101.3 kPa. With the stopcock closed, the flask warms, returning to 25(C. and the pressure is
(a) For one of the compounds listed in Table B.2 of App. B, evaluate the latent heat of vaporization (Hn by Eq. (4.12). How does this result compare with the value listed in Table B.2?(b) Handbook values for the latent heats of vaporization at 25(C of four compounds are given in the table. For one
An ideal gas. Cp = (7/2) R, is heated in a steady-flow heat exchanger from 70oC to 190oC by another stream of the same ideal gas which enters at 320oC. The flow rates of the two streams are the same, and heat losses from the exchanger are negligible. a) Calculate the molar entropy changes of the
Imagine that a stream of fluid in steady-stale How serves as a heat source for an infinite set of Carnot engines, each of which absorbs a differential amount of heat from the fluid, causing its temperature to decrease by a differential amount, and each of which rejects a differential amount of heal
A Carnot engine operates between temperature levels of 600 K and 300 K. It drives a Carnot refrigerator, which provides cooling at 250 K and discards heal at 309 K. Determine a numerical value for the ratio of heal extracted by the refrigerator ("cooling loud") to the heat delivered to the engine
An ideal gas with constant heat capacities undergoes a change of state from conditions T1, P1 to conditions T2, P2. Determine (H (J mol-1) and (S (J mol-1 K-1) for one of the following cases. (a) T1 = 300 K, P1 = 1.2 bar, T2 = 450 K, P2 = 6 bar, Cp / R = 7/2. (b) T1 = 300 K, P1 = 1.2 bar, T2 = 500
An ideal gas. Cp = (7 / 2) R and Cv = (5 / 2) R, undergoes a cycle consisting of the following mechanically reversible steps: • An adiabatic compression from P1, V1. T1 to P2, V2, T2. • An isobaric expansion from P2. V2, T2 to P3 = P2, V3. T3, • An adiabatic expansion from P3. V3. T3 to P4,
A Carnot engine receives 250 KJs-1 of heat from a heat-source reservoir at 525 C and rejects heal to a heat-sink reservoir at 50'C. What arc the power developed and the heat rejected?
One mole of an ideal gas, Cp = (7/2)/? and Cv = (5/2)R is compressed adiabatically in a piston/cylinder device from 2 bar and 25oC to 7 bar. The process is irreversible and requires 35% more work than a reversible, adiabatic compression from the same initial slate to the same final pressure. What
A reversible cycle executed by 1 mol of an ideal gas for which Cp = (5/2)R and Cv = (3/2)R consists of the following: • Starting at T1 = 700 K and P1 =1.5 bar. the gas is cooled at constant pressure to T2 = 350 K. • From 350 K and 1.5 bar, the gas is compressed isothermally to pressure P2. •
One mole of an ideal gas is compressed isothermally but irreversibly at 130oC from 2.5 bar to 6.5 bar in a piston/cylinder device. The work required is 30% greater than the work of reversible, isothermal compression. The heat transferred from the gas during compression flows to a heal reservoir at
For a steady-flow process at approximately atmospheric pressure, what is the entropy change of the gas: (a) When 10 mol of SO2 is heated from 200 to 1.100oC? (b) W hen 12 mol of propane is heated from 250 to 1,200oC?
What is the entropy change of the gas. healed in a stead) -flow, process at approximately atmospheric pressure, (a) When 800 kJ is added to 10 mol of ethylene initially at 200oC? (b) When 2300 kJ is added to 15 mol of 1-butene initially at 260oC? (c) When l06 (Btu) is added to 4CW lb moll of
A device with no moving parts provides a steady stream of dulled air at - 25 C and I bar. The feed to the device is compressed air at 25C and 5 bar. In addition to the stream of chilled air, a second stream of warm air flows from the device at 75 C and I bar. Assuming adiabatic operation, what is
The following heat engines produce power of 95.000 kW. Determine in each case the rates at which heat is absorbed from the hot reservoir and discarded to the cold reservoir. (a) A Carnot engine operates between heat reservoirs at 750 K. and 300 K. (b) A practical engine operates between the same
An inventor has devised a complicated non-flow process in which I mol of air is the working fluid. The net effects of the process are claimed lo be; • A change in state of the air from 250oC and 3 bar to 80oC and 1 bar. • The production of 1.800 J of work. • The transfer of an undisclosed
A refrigeration system cools a brine from 25oC to -15 C at the rate 20 kg s-1. Heal is discarded to the atmosphere at a temperature of 30'C. What is the power requirement if the thermodynamic efficiency of the system is 0.27? The specific heat of the brine Is 3.5 kJ kg-1 oC-1?
An electric motor under steady load draws 9.7 amperes al 110 volts; it delivers 1.25(hp) of mechanical energy. The temperature of the surroundings is 300 K. What is the total rate of entropy generation in W K-1?
A 25-ohm resistor at steady state draws a current of 10 ampere`s, Its temperature is 310 K; the temperature of the surroundings is 300 K. What is the total rate of entropy generation S̄G? What is its origin?
Ten kmol per hour of air is throttled from upstream conditions of 25oC and 10 bar to a downstream pressure of 1.2 bar. Assume air to be an ideal gas with Cp = (7/2)R. What is the downstream temperature? (b) W hat is the entropy change of the air in J mol-5 K_l? (c) What is the rate of entropy
A steady-flow adiabatic turbine (expander) accepts gas at conditions T1, P1, and discharges at conditions T2, P2. Assuming ideal gases, determine (per mole of gas) W, Wideal, Wlost, and So for one of the following cases. Take T( - 300 K? (a) T1 = 500 K, P1 = 6 bar, T2 = 371 K, P2 = 1.2 bar, C P / R
A particular power plant operators with a heat source reservoir at 350oC and a heat sink reservoir at 30oC. It has thermal efficiency equal to 55% of the Carnot engine thermal efficiency for the same temperatures. (a) What is the thermal efficiency of the plant? (b) To what temperature must the
Consider the direct beat transfer from a heal reservoir at T1 to another heat reservoir at temperature T2, where T1 > T2 > T(. It is not obvious why the Inst work of this process should depend on T(. the temperature of the surroundings, because the surroundings are not involved in the actual
An inventor claims to have devised a cyclic engine which exchanges heal with reservoirs at 25oC and 250oC, and which produces 0-45 kJ of work for each kJ of heat extracted from the hot reservoir. Is the clam believable?
Heat in the amount of 150 kJ is transferred directly from a hot reservoir at TH = 550 K to two cooler reservoirs at T1 = 350 K and 7> = 250 K. The surroundings temperature is T( = 300 K. If the heal transferred to the reservoir at T1 is half that transferred to the reservoir at T2 calculate: (a)
A nuclear power plant generates 750 MW; the reactor temperature is 315oC and a river with water temperature of 20oC is available? (a) What is the maximum possible thermal efficiency of the plant, and what is the minimum rate at which heat must be discarded to the river? b) If the actual thermal
A Hilsch vortex tube operates with no moving mechanical parts, and splits a gas stream into two streams: one warmer and the other cooler than the entering stream. One such lube is reported to operate with air entering at 5 bar and 20oC. and air streams leaving at 27oC and -22oC. both at (atm). The
a) Air at 70(oF) and 1(atm) is cooled at the rate of 100,000(fit)3 (hr)-3 to 20(oF) by refrigeration. For a surroundings temperature of 70 (oF), what is the minimum power requirement in (hp)? (b) Air at 25oC and 1 (atm) is cooled at the rate of 3,000 m3 hr-1 to - 8oC by refrigeration. For a
A flue gas is cooled from 2.000 to 300(oF'), and the heal is Used to generate saturated steam at 212(oF) in a boiler. The flue gas has a heat capacity given by:Water enters the boiler at 212(oF), and is vaporized at this temperature; its latent beat of vaporization is 970.3(Btu)(ibm)-1. (a) With
A flue gas is cooled from 1.100 to I50oC and the heat is used to generate saturated steam at 100 C in a boiler. The flue gas has a heal capacity given by:Water enters the boiler at l00oC, and is vaporized at this temperature; its latent heat of vaporization is 2,256.9 kJ kg-1. (a) With reference to
Ethylene vapor is cooled at atmospheric pressure from 830 to 35oC by direct heat transfer to the surroundings at a temperature of 25oC. With respect to this surroundings temperature, what is the lost work of the process in kJ mol-1? Show that the same result is obtained as the work which can be
Large quantities of liquefied natural gas (LNG) are shipped by ocean tanker. At the unloading port provision is made for vaporization of the LNG so that it may be delivered to pipelines as gas. The LNG arrives in the tanker at atmospheric pressure and 113.7 K. and represents a possible beat sink
With respect to I kg of liquid water; (a) Initially at 0OC. it is heated to 100oC by contact with a heat reservoir at 100oC. What is the entropy change of the water? Of the heat reservoir? What is (Stotal? (b) Initially at 0oC, it is first heated to 50oC by contact with a heat reservoir at 50oC and
A rigid vessel of 0.06 m3 volume contains an ideal gas. CV = (5/2) R. at 500 K and I bar. (а) If heat in the amount of 15,000 J is transferred to the gas, determine its entropy change. (b) If the vessel is fitted with a stirrer that is rotated by a shaft so that work in the amount of 15.000 J is
Liquid water at 25 C and 1 bar fills a rigid vessel. If heat is added to the water until its temperature reaches 50 C, what pressure is developed? The average value of ( between 25 and 50oC is 36.2 ( 10-5 K-1, The value of K at I bar and 50oC is 4.42 x 10-5 bar-1, and may be assumed independent of
Use the result of the preceding problem to estimate the heat of vaporization at the normal boiling point for one of the substances listed below. Compare the result with the value given in Table B.2 of App. B. Ground rules: Represent Prsat with Eqs. (6.78), (6.79), and (6.80), with ( given by Eq.
Riedel proposed a third corresponding-states parameter ac, related to the vapor-pressure curve by; For simple fluids, experiment shows that ac (( 5.8; for non-simple fluids, ac increases with increasing molecular complexity. How well does the Lee/Kcsler correlation for Prsat accommodate these
Calculate Z. HR. and SR by the Redlich / Kwong equation for one of the following, and compare results with values found from suitable generalized correlations: (a) Acetylene at 300 K and 40 bar. (b) Argon at 175 K and 75 bar. (c) Benzene at 575 K and 30 bar. (d) n-Buranc at 500 K and 50 bar. (e)
Calculate Z. HR and SR by the $oavc / Rcdlich / Kwong equation for the substance and conditions given by one of the parts of Pb. 6.14, and compare results with values found from suitable generalized correlations?
Calculate Z, HR, and SR by the Peng / Robinson equation for the substance and conditions given by one of the parts of Pb. 6.14. and compare results with values found from suitable generalized correlations?
Estimate the entropy change of vaporization of benzene at 50oC. The vapor pressure of benzene is given by the equation:(a) Use Eq. (6.72) with an estimated value of A Viv. (b) Use the Claitsius / Clapeyron equation of Ex. 6.5?
Wiry pure liquid water can be subcoolcd at atmospheric pressure to temperatures well below 0oC. Assume that I leg has. been cooled as a liquid to -6 oC, A small ice crystal (of negligible mass) is added to "seed" the subcooled Liquid. If the subsequent change occurs adiabatically at atmospheric
The state of 1 (lbm) of steam is changed from saturated sapor at 20(psia) to superheated vapor at 50(psiai and 1,000(oF). What are the enthalpy and entropy changes of the steam? What would the enthalpy and entropy changes be if steam w ere an ideal gas?
A two-phase system of liquid water and water vapor in equilibrium at 8,000 kPa consists of equal volumes of liquid and vapor. If the total volume Vt = 0.15 m3, What is (he total enthalpy Ht and what is the total entropy St?
A vessel contains I kg of H20 as liquid and vapor in equilibrium at 1.000 kPa. If the vapor occupies 70% of the volume of the vessel, determine H and 5 for the 1 kg of H2O?
A pressure vessel contains liquid water and water vapor in equilibrium at 350(oF). The total mass of liquid and vapor is 3(Ibm). If the volume of vapor is 50 times the volume of liquid, what is the total enthalpy of the contents of the vessel?
Wet steam at 230 C has a density of 0.025 g cm-3. Determine x. II. and S?

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