New Semester
Started
Get
50% OFF
Study Help!
--h --m --s
Claim Now
Question Answers
Textbooks
Find textbooks, questions and answers
Oops, something went wrong!
Change your search query and then try again
S
Books
FREE
Study Help
Expert Questions
Accounting
General Management
Mathematics
Finance
Organizational Behaviour
Law
Physics
Operating System
Management Leadership
Sociology
Programming
Marketing
Database
Computer Network
Economics
Textbooks Solutions
Accounting
Managerial Accounting
Management Leadership
Cost Accounting
Statistics
Business Law
Corporate Finance
Finance
Economics
Auditing
Tutors
Online Tutors
Find a Tutor
Hire a Tutor
Become a Tutor
AI Tutor
AI Study Planner
NEW
Sell Books
Search
Search
Sign In
Register
study help
business
elementary statistics
Elementary Statistics 9th Edition Mario F. Triola - Solutions
Using a Two-Way Table The New York State Health Department reports a 0.3% HIV rate for the general population, and under certain conditions, preliminary screening tests for the HIV virus are correct 95% of the time (for both true positives and true negatives). Assume that the general population
Whodunnit? The Atlanta plant of the Medassist Pharmaceutical Company manufactures 400 heart pacemakers, of which 3 are defective. The Baltimore plant of the same company manufactures 800 pacemakers, of which 2 are defective. If one of the 1200 pacemakers is randomly selected and is found to be
Roller Coaster The Rock ’n’ Roller Coaster at Disney-MGM Studios in Orlando has two seats in each of 12 rows. Riders are assigned to seats in the order that they arrive.If you ride this roller coaster once, what is the probability of getting the coveted first row? How many times must you ride
What is the probability of getting a man or woman, given that the randomly selected person is someone who died?
What is the probability of getting a boy or girl, given that the randomly selected person is someone who survived?
If we randomly select someone who died, what is the probability of getting a man?
If we randomly select someone who was aboard the Titanic, what is the probability of getting a man, given that the selected person died?
Using Composite Water Samples The Orange County Department of Public Health tests water for contamination because of the presence of E. coli bacteria. To reduce laboratory costs, water samples from six public swimming areas are combined for one test, and further testing is done only if the combined
Using Composite Blood Samples When doing blood testing for HIV infections, the procedure can be made more efficient and less expensive by combining samples of blood specimens. If samples from three people are combined and the mixture tests negative, we know that all three individual samples are
Acceptance Sampling With one method of the procedure called acceptance sampling, a sample of items is randomly selected without replacement, and the entire batch is rejected if there is at least one defect. The Niko Electronics Company has just manufactured 5000 CDs, and 3% are defective. If 10 of
Redundancy in Alarm Clocks A student misses many classes because of malfunctioning alarm clocks. Instead of using one alarm clock, he decides to use three. What is the probability that at least one of his alarm clocks works correctly if each individual alarm clock has a 99% chance of working
Clinical Trials of Pregnancy Test Refer to Table 3-1 and assume that one of the subjects is randomly selected. Find the probability that the selected subject is not pregnant, given that the test was negative. Is the result the same as the probability of a negative test result given that the
Clinical Trials of Pregnancy Test Refer to Table 3-1 and assume that one of the subjects is randomly selected. Find the probability of a negative test result given that the selected subject is not pregnant. What should a woman do if she uses this pregnancy test and obtains a negative result?
Mendelian Genetics Refer to Figure 3-3 in Section 3-3 for the peas used in a genetics experiment. If one of the peas is randomly selected and is found to have a green pod, what is the probability that it has a purple flower?
Probability of a Girl Find the probability of a couple having a baby girl when their third child is born, given that the first two children were both boys. Is the result the same as the probability of getting three girls among three children?
At Least One Correct Answer If you make random guesses for four multiple-choice test questions (each with five possible answers), what is the probability of getting at least one correct? If a very nondemanding instructor says that passing the test occurs if there is at least one correct answer, can
At Least One Traffic Violation If you run a red traffic light at an intersection equipped with a camera monitor, there is a 0.1 probability that you will be given a traffic violation. If you run a red traffic light at this intersection five different times, what is the probability of getting at
Probability of At Least One Girl If a couple plans to have 12 children (it could happen), what is the probability that there will be at least one girl? If the couple eventually has 12 children and they are all boys, what can the couple conclude?
Probability of At Least One Girl If a couple plans to have five children, what is the probability that they will have at least one girl? Is that probability high enough for the couple to be very confident that they will get at least one girl in five children?
Subjective Probability Use subjective probability to estimate the probability of randomly selecting an adult and getting a male, given that the selected person owns a motorcycle. If a criminal investigator finds that a motorcycle is registered to Pat Ryan, is it reasonable to believe that Pat is a
Subjective Probability Use subjective probability to estimate the probability of randomly selecting an adult and getting a woman, given that the selected person has hair longer than 10 inches. Is the probability high enough to presume that someone with long hair is almost surely a woman?
A Hit with the Misses When Mike asks five different women for a date, at least one of them accepts.
IRS Audits When an IRS agent selects 12 income tax returns and audits them, none of the returns are found to be correct.
Complements and the Addition Rulea. Develop a formula for the probability of not getting either A or B on a single trial.That is, find an expression for .b. Develop a formula for the probability of not getting A or not getting B on a single trial. That is, find an expression for .c. Compare the
Drawing Cards Two cards are to be randomly selected without replacement from a shuffled deck. Find the probability of getting an ace on the first card and a spade on the second card.
Gender of Children If a couple plans to have eight children, find the probability that they are all of the same gender.
Same Birthdays Find the probability that no two people have the same birthday when the number of randomly selected people isa. 3b. 5c. 25
Redundancy The principle of redundancy is used when system reliability is improved through redundant or backup components. Assume that your alarm clock has a 0.975 probability of working on any given morning.a. What is the probability that your alarm clock will not work on the morning of an
Quality Control A production manager for Telektronics claims that her new process for manufacturing CDs is better because the rate of defects is lower than 2%, which had been the rate of defects in the past. To support her claim, she manufactures a batch of 5000 CDs, then randomly selects 15 of
Voice Identification of Criminal In a Riverhead, New York, case, nine different crime victims listened to voice recordings of five different men. All nine victims identified the same voice as that of the criminal. If the voice identifications were made by random guesses, find the probability that
Flat Tire Excuse A classic excuse for a missed test is offered by four students who claim that their car had a flat tire. On the makeup test, the instructor asks the students to identify the particular tire that went flat. If they really didn’t have a flat tire and randomly select one that
Nuclear Reactor Reliability Remote sensors are used to control each of two separate and independent valves, denoted by p and q, that open to provide water for emergency cooling of a nuclear reactor. Each valve has a 0.9968 probability of opening when triggered. For the given configuration, find the
Testing Effectiveness of Gender-Selection Method Recent developments appear to make it possible for couples to dramatically increase the likelihood that they will conceive a child with the gender of their choice. In a test of a gender-selection method, 10 couples try to have baby girls. If this
Poll Confidence Level It is common for public opinion polls to have a “confidence level” of 95%, meaning that there is a 0.95 probability that the poll results are accurate within the claimed margins of error. If five different organizations conduct independent polls, what is the probability
Acceptance Sampling With one method of a procedure called acceptance sampling, a sample of items is randomly selected without replacement and the entire batch is accepted if every item in the sample is okay. The Niko Electronics Company has just manufactured 5000 CDs, and 3% are defective. If 12 of
Coincidental Birthdaysa. One couple attracted media attention when their three children, born in different years, were all born on July 4. Ignoring leap years, find the probability that three randomly selected people were all born on July 4. Is the probability low enough so that such an event is
What is the probability that two other randomly selected people are both born on November 27? (Ignore leap years.)b. What is the probability that two randomly selected people have the same birthday?(Ignore leap years.)
Selecting U.S. Senators In the 107th Congress, the Senate consists of 13 women and 87 men. If a lobbyist for the tobacco industry randomly selects three different senators, what is the probability that they are all women? Would a lobbyist be likely to use random selection in this situation?
Probability and Guessing A psychology professor gives a surprise quiz consisting of 10 true false questions, and she states that passing requires at least 7 correct responses. Assume that an unprepared student adopts the questionable strategy of guessing for each answer.a. Find the probability that
Wearing Hunter Orange A study of hunting injuries and the wearing of “hunter” orange clothing showed that among 123 hunters injured when mistaken for game, 6 were wearing orange (based on data from the Centers for Disease Control). If a follow-up study begins with the random selection of
Defective Gas Masks Time magazine reported that when 19,218 gas masks from branches of the U.S. military were tested, it was found that 10,322 were defective(based on data from the World Health Organization). If further investigation begins with the random selection of two gas masks from this
Applying the Multiplication Rule Using the same seven items from Exercise 5, find the probability of randomly selecting three items and getting one that is colored red on the first selection, one that is colored green on the second selection, and an item that is colored blue on the third
Applying the Multiplication Rule If two of the items shown below are randomly selected, find the probability that both items are colored green. These items are used in tests of perception.red yellow green red blue yellowa. Assume that the first item is replaced before the second item is selected.b.
Letter and Digit A new computer owner creates a password consisting of two characters. She randomly selects a letter of the alphabet for the first character and a digit (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for the second character. What is the probability that her password is “K9”? Would this
Coin and Die Find the probability of getting the outcome of tails and 3 when a coin is tossed and a single die is rolled.
a. Finding that your calculator is not working Finding that your refrigerator is not workingb. Finding that your kitchen light is not working Finding that your refrigerator is not workingc. Drinking until your driving ability is impaired Being involved in a car crash
a. Rolling a die and getting a 5 Flipping a coin and getting headsb. Randomly selecting a TV viewer who watches Monday Night Football Randomly selecting a second TV viewer who watches Monday Night Footballc. Wearing plaid shorts with black socks and sandals Asking someone on a date and getting a
Extending the Addition Rule The formal addition rule included in this section expressed the probability of A or B as follows: P(A or B) 5 P(A) 1 P(B) 2 P(A and B).Extend that formal rule to develop an expression for P(A or B or C). (Hint: Draw a Venn diagram.)
Exclusive Or How is the addition rule changed if the exclusive or is used instead of the inclusive or? In this section it was noted that the exclusive or means either one or the other, but not both.
Disjoint Events If events A and B are disjoint and events B and C are disjoint, must events A and C be disjoint? Give an example supporting your answer.
Determining Whether Events Are Disjointa. If P(A) 5 3 11, P(B) 5 4 11 and P(A or B) 5 7 11, what do you know about events A and B?b. If P(A) 5 5 18, P(B) 5 11 18, and P(A or B) 5 13 18, what do you know about events A and B?
Birthday and Complement If someone is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is not in October. Ignore leap years.
National Statistics Day If someone is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is not October 18, which is National Statistics Day in Japan. Ignore leap years.
Using Addition Rule Refer to Figure 3-3. Find the probability of randomly selecting one of the peas and getting one with a yellow pod or a purple flower.
Using Addition Rule Refer to Figure 3-3. Find the probability of randomly selecting one of the peas and getting one with a green pod or a white flower.
Finding Complementsa. Find P( ) given that P(A) 5 0.0175.b. A Reuters Zogby poll showed that 61% of Americans say they believe that life exists elsewhere in the galaxy. What is the probability of randomly selecting someone not having that belief?
Points on a Stick Two points along a straight stick are randomly selected. The stick is then broken at those two points. Find the probability that the three resulting pieces can be arranged to form a triangle. (This is possibly the most difficult exercise in this book.)
Flies on an Orange If two flies land on an orange, find the probability that they are on points that are within the same hemisphere.
Leap Years and Guessing Birthdays In part (a) of Exercise 17, leap years were ignored in finding the probability that a randomly selected person will have a birthday on October 18.a. Recalculate this probability, assuming that a leap year occurs every four years.(Express your answer as an exact
Relative Risk and Odds Ratio In a clinical trial of 734 subjects treated with Viagra, 117 reported headaches. In a control group of 725 subjects not treated with Viagra, 29 reported headaches. Denoting the proportion of headaches in the treatment group by pt and denoting the proportion of headaches
Finding Probability from Odds If the actual odds against event A are a:b, then P(A) 5 b (a 1 b). Find the probability of Millennium winning his next race, given that the actual odds against his winning are 3:5.
Determining Whether a Jury Is Random An attorney is defending a client accused of not meeting his alimony obligations. The pool of 20 potential jurors consists of all women, and the attorney calculates that there is a probability of 1 1,048,576 that 20 randomly selected people will be all women. Is
Interpreting Effectiveness A double-blind experiment is designed to test the effectiveness of the drug Statisticzene as a treatment for number blindness. When treated with Statisticzene, subjects seem to show improvement. Researchers calculate that there is a 0.04 probability that the treatment
Finding Odds in Roulette A roulette wheel has 38 slots. One slot is 0, another is 00, and the others are numbered 1 through 36, respectively. You are placing a bet that the outcome is an odd number.a. What is your probability of winning?b. What are the actual odds against winning?c. When you bet
Kentucky Derby Odds When the horse Monarchos won the 127th Kentucky Derby, a$2 bet that Monarchos would win resulted in a return of $23.a. How much net profit was made from a $2 win bet on Monarchos?b. What were the payoff odds against a Monarchos win?c. Based on preliminary wagering before the
Genetics: Constructing Sample Space Both parents have the brown blue pair of eyecolor genes, and each parent contributes one gene to a child. Assume that if the child has at least one brown gene, that color will dominate and the eyes will be brown. (The actual determination of eye color is somewhat
Gender of Children: Constructing Sample Space Section 3-2 included a table summarizing the gender outcomes for a couple planning to have three children.a. Construct a similar table for a couple planning to have two children.b. Assuming that the outcomes listed in part (a) are equally likely, find
Probability of an Adverse Drug Reaction When the drug Viagra was clinically tested, 117 patients reported headaches and 617 did not (based on data from Pfizer, Inc.). Use this sample to estimate the probability that a Viagra user will experience a headache.Is the probability high enough to be of
Probability of Winning Solitaire Refer to Data Set 27 in Appendix B and assume that the same Microsoft solitaire game is played.a. Estimate the probability of winning when a game is played.b. Estimate the probability of running the whole deck by winning $208.
Probability of a Car Crash Among 400 randomly selected drivers in the 20–24 age bracket, 136 were in a car accident during the last year (based on data from the National Safety Council). If a driver in that age bracket is randomly selected, what is the approximate probability that he or she will
Fruitcake Survey In a Bruskin-Goldring Research poll, respondents were asked how a fruitcake should be used. One hundred thirty-two respondents indicated that it should be used for a doorstop, and 880 other respondents cited other uses, including birdfeed, landfill, and a gift. If one of these
Probability of Brand Recognitiona. In a study of brand recognition, 831 consumers knew of Campbell’s Soup, and 18 did not (based on data from Total Research Corporation). Use these results to estimate the probability that a randomly selected consumer will recognize Campbell’s Soup.b. Estimate
Probability of a Birthdaya. If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is October 18, which is National Statistics Day in Japan. Ignore leap years.b. If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is in October. Ignore leap
Lottery In the old New York State Lottery, you had to select six numbers between 1 and 54 inclusive. There were 25,827,165 different possible six-number combinations, and you had to select the correct combination of all six numbers to win the grand prize. For a $1 bet, you selected two different
Guessing Birthdays On their first date, Kelly asks Mike to guess the date of her birth, not including the year.a. What is the probability that Mike will guess correctly? (Ignore leap years.)b. Would it be “unusual” for him to guess correctly on his first try?c. If you were Kelly, and Mike did
On-Time Flight Arrivals A study of 150 randomly selected American Airlines flights showed that 108 arrived on time (based on data from the Department of Transportation).a. What is the estimated probability of an American Airlines flight arriving late?b. Is it “unusual” for an American Airlines
Bumping Airline Passengers In a recent year, 2624 American Airlines passengers were involuntarily denied boarding their flights, and 168,262 other passengers volunteered for bumping in exchange for cash or vouchers.a. Estimate the probability that a randomly selected bumped American Airlines
Cholesterol Reducing Drug In a clinical trial of Lipitor, a common drug used to lower cholesterol, one group of patients was given a treatment of 10 mg Atorvastatin tablets. That group consists of 19 patients who experienced flu symptoms and 844 patients who did not (based on data from Pfizer,
Smoking Survey In one Gallup poll, 1038 adults were asked about the effects of secondhand smoke, and 52 of them indicated that the effects are “not at all harmful.”a. If you randomly select one of the surveyed adults, what is the probability of getting someone who feels that secondhand smoke is
Probability of a Wrong Result Table 3-1 shows that among 14 women who were not pregnant, the test for pregnancy yielded the wrong conclusion 3 times.a. Based on the available results, find the probability of a wrong test conclusion for a woman who is not pregnant.b. Is it “unusual” for the test
Probability of a Wrong Result Table 3-1 shows that among 85 women who were pregnant, the test for pregnancy yielded the wrong conclusion 5 times.a. Based on the available results, find the probability of a wrong test conclusion for a woman who is pregnant.b. Is it “unusual” for the test
Probability of a Home Run Baseball player Barry Bonds broke a major record when he hit 73 home runs in the 2001 season. During that season, he was at bat 476 times. If one of those “at bats” is randomly selected, find the probability that it is one of the times he hit a home run. Is the result
Cell Phones and Brain Cancer In a study of 420,000 cell phone users in Denmark, it was found that 135 developed cancer of the brain or nervous system. Estimate the probability that a randomly selected cell phone user will develop such a cancer. Is the result very different from the probability of
Gender of Children In this section, we gave an example that included a list of the eight outcomes that are possible when a couple has three children. Refer to that list, and find the probability of each event.a. Among three children, there is exactly one girl.b. Among three children, there are
Identifying Probability Valuesa. What is the probability of an event that is certain to occur?b. What is the probability of an impossible event?c. A sample space consists of 10 separate events that are equally likely. What is the probability of each?d. On a true false test, what is the probability
Identifying Probability Values Which of the following values cannot be probabilities?0, 1, 21, 2, 0.0123, 3 5, 5 3,
Identifying Probability Valuesa. “There is a 90% chance of snow tomorrow.”b. “It will definitely become dark tonight.”c. “You have one chance in ten of being correct.”
Heights of Presidential Winners and Losers The accompanying table shows the heights of presidents matched with the heights of the candidates they beat. All heights are in inches, and only the second-place candidates are included. Use a 0.05 significance level for the following.a. Use the linear
Analyzing Poll Results A market researcher for American Airlines was instructed to randomly select passengers waiting to board. (The author was one of the selected subjects.) The passengers were asked several questions about the airline service. Responses were recorded along with their genders,
Testing for Correlation Between Performance and Price Consumer Reports tested VHS tapes used in VCRs. Following are performance scores and prices (in dollars) of randomly selected tapes. Is there a correlation between performance and price? What does the conclusion suggest about buying VHS tapes?
Does the Weight of a Car Affect Leg Injuries in a Crash? Data were obtained from car crash experiments conducted by the National Transportation Safety Administration. New cars were purchased and crashed into a fixed barrier at 35 mi h, and measurements were recorded for the dummy in the driver’s
Is the Lottery Random? Listed below are the first digits selected in 40 consecutive drawings of the New York State Win 4 lottery game. (See Data Set 26 in Appendix B.)Do odd and even digits appear to be drawn in a sequence that is random?97075519008760 167247 55520449905331 925682
Correlation Between Car Weight and Fuel Consumption The accompanying table lists weights (in hundreds of pounds) and highway fuel consumption amounts (in mi gal) for a sample of domestic new cars (based on data from the EPA). Based on the result, can you expect to pay more for gas if you buy a
Do Beer Drinkers and Liquor Drinkers Have Different BAC Levels? The sample data in the following list show BAC (blood alcohol concentration) levels at arrest of randomly selected jail inmates who were convicted of DWI or DUI offenses. The data are categorized by the type of drink consumed (based on
Testing for Gender Discrimination The Tektronics Internet Company claims that hiring is done without any gender bias. Among the last 66 new employees hired, 1 3 are women. Job applicants are about half men and half women, who are all qualified. Is there sufficient evidence to charge bias in favor
Testing Effectiveness of SAT Prep Courses Do Exercise 1 using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.
Testing Effectiveness of SAT Prep Courses Does it pay to take preparatory courses for standardized tests such as the SAT? Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the Allan Preparation Course has no effect on SAT scores. Use the sign test with the sample data in the accompanying table
Finding Critical Valuesa. Using all of the elements A, A, A, B, B, B, B, B, B, list the 84 different possible sequences.b. Find the number of runs for each of the 84 sequences.c. Use the results from parts (a) and (b) to find your own critical values for G.d. Compare your results to those given in
Finding Critical Numbers of Runs Using the elements A, A, B, B, what is the minimum number of possible runs that can be arranged? What is the maximum number of runs? Now refer to Table A-10 to find the critical G values for n1 5 n2 5 2. What do you conclude about this case?
Large Sample: Testing for Randomness of Marathon Runners Refer to Data Set 8 in Appendix B for the random sample of runners who finished the New York City marathon.The runners are listed in the order in which they finished. Test for randomness of ages above and below the mean age. Is there
Showing 3700 - 3800
of 7930
First
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Last
Step by Step Answers
Get 50% OFF
Claim Now
