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elementary statistics
Elementary Statistics Using Excel Pearson New 5th Edition Mario F Triola - Solutions
Increase in Obesity Rates A study shows that the obesity rate among boys ages 2 to 19 has increased over the past several years.(Source:Washington Post) (a) Make an inference based on the results of this study. (b) What is wrong with this type of reasoning?
Living in Florida A study shows that senior citizens who live in Florida have better memories than senior citizens who do not live in Florida. (a) Make an inference based on the results of this study. (b) What is wrong with this type of reasoning?
Sleep Deprivation In a recent study, volunteers who had 8 hours of sleep were three times more likely to answer questions correctly on a math test than were sleep-deprived participants. (Source: CBS News) (a) Identify the sample used in the study. (b) What is the sample’s population? (c) Which
Identifying Data Sets in Articles Find a newspaper or magazine article that describes a survey. (a) Identify the sample used in the survey. (b) What is the sample’s population? (c) Make an inference based on the results of the survey.
Which part of the survey described in Exercise 32 represents the descriptive branch of statistics? Make an inference based on the results of the survey.
Which part of the survey described in Exercise 31 represents the descriptive branch of statistics? Make an inference based on the results of the survey.
In a recent year, the average math scores for all graduates on the ACT was 21.0. (Source: ACT, Inc.)
In a recent survey of 2000 people, 44% said China is the world’s leading economic power. (Source: Pew Research Center)
In a recent year, the interest category for 12% of all new magazines was sports. (Source: Oxbridge Communications)
In a survey of 300 computer users, 8% said their computers had malfunctions that needed to be repaired by service technicians.
In January 2010, 52% of the governors of the 50 states in the United States were Democrats.
Sixty-two of the 97 passengers aboard the Hindenburg airship survived its explosion.
In a survey of a sample of high school students, 43% said that their mothers had taught them the most about managing money.
The average annual salary for 35 of a company’s 1200 accountants is $68,000.
At the end of the day, a quality control inspector selects 20 light bulbs from the day’s production and tests them.
A magazine mails questionnaires to each company in Fortune magazine’s top 100 best companies to work for and receives responses from 85 of them.
A survey of 791 vacationers from the United States found that they planned on spending at least $2000 for their next vacation.
A survey of 546 U.S. women found that more than 56% are the primary investors in their households. (Adapted from Roper Starch Worldwide for Intuit)
A survey of 496 students at a college found that 10% planned on traveling out of the country during spring break.
A survey of 800 registered voters found that 50% think economic stimulus is the most important issue to consider when voting for Congress. (Source: Diageo/Hotline Poll)
A survey of 1600 people found that 76% plan on using the Microsoft Windows 7™ operating system at their businesses. (Source: Information Technology Intelligence Corporation and Sunbelt Software)
A survey of 1442 U.S. adults found that 36% received an influenza vaccine for the current flu season. (Source: Zogby International)
A study of 33,043 infants in Italy was conducted to find a link between a heart rhythm abnormality and sudden infant death syndrome. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)
A survey of 1000 U.S. adults found that 59% think buying a home is the best investment a family can make. (Source: Rasmussen Reports)
Incomes of home owners in Texas Incomes of home owners in Texas with mortgages
Ages of adults in the United States who own cellular phones Ages of adults in the U.S. who own Samsung cellular phones
Parties of registered voters in Warren County Parties of Warren County voters who respond to online survey
Number of students who donate that have type O+ blood Number of students who donate at a blood drive
The soil contamination levels at 10 locations near a landfill Graphical Analysis In Exercises 21–24, use the Venn diagram to identify the population and the sample.
The political party of every U.S. president
The age of every third person entering a clothing store
The final score of each golfer in a tournament
The number of televisions in each U.S. household
The cholesterol levels of 20 patients in a hospital with 100 patients
The annual salary of each pharmacist at a pharmacy
A survey of 500 spectators from a stadium with 42,000 spectators
The amount of energy collected from every wind turbine on a wind farm
The height of each player on a school’s basketball team
A sample statistic will not change from sample to sample.
A population is the collection of some outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are of interest.
Inferential statistics involves using a population to draw a conclusion about a corresponding sample.
It is impossible for the Census Bureau to obtain all the census data about the population of the United States.
A sample is a subset of a population.
A statistic is a measure that describes a population characteristic.
How is a sample related to a population?
Numbers Game Before the proliferation of legal lotteries, illegal numbers games were commonly run by members of organized crime groups. In the typical numbers game, bettors would win by selecting the same three digits that were later drawn in the same order. A common payoff was $600 for a winning
Georgia Fantasy 5 In the Georgia Fantasy 5 lottery, winning the top prize requires that you select the correct five numbers between 1 and 39 (in any order). What is the probability of winning the top prize? Express the answer as a fraction.
Georgia Win for Life In the Georgia Win for Life lottery, winning the top prize of$1000 a week for life requires that you select the correct six numbers between 1 and 42 (in any order). What is the probability of winning the top prize? Express the answer as a fraction.
Composite Sampling for STDs Currently, the rate for sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) is 213 per 100,000 (based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).When testing for the presence of STDs, the Acton Medical Testing Company saves money by combining blood samples for tests.
National Statistics Daya. If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is October 18, which is National Statistics Day in Japan. Ignore leap years.b. If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is in October.Ignore leap years.c.
Blue Eyes About 35% of the population has blue eyes (based on a study by Dr. P. Sorita Soni at Indiana University).a. If someone is randomly selected, what is the probability that he or she does not have blue eyes?b. If four different people are randomly selected, what is the probability that they
Red Cars Use subjective probability to estimate the probability of randomly selecting a car and getting one that is red.
Prison and Plea If 1 of the subjects is randomly selected, find the probability of selecting someone who was not sentenced to prison and did not enter a plea of guilty.
Prison and Plea If 1 of the 1028 subjects is randomly selected, find the probability of selecting someone who was sentenced to prison and entered a guilty plea.
Prison and Plea If 1 of the subjects is randomly selected, find the probability of selecting someone who entered a plea of not guilty or was not sentenced to prison.
Prison and Plea If 2 different study subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they both entered pleas of not guilty.
Prison and Plea If 2 different study subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they both were sentenced to prison.
Prison and Plea If 1 of the subjects is randomly selected, find the probability of selecting someone who was sentenced to prison or entered a plea of guilty.
Prison and Plea After comparing the results from Exercises 2 and 3, what do you conclude about the wisdom of entering a guilty plea?
Prison and Plea Find the probability of being sentenced to prison, given that the subject entered a plea of not guilty.
Prison and Plea Find the probability of being sentenced to prison, given that the subject entered a plea of guilty.
Prison and Plea If 1 of the 1028 subjects is randomly selected, find the probability of selecting someone sentenced to prison.
Find the probability of randomly selecting 1 of the 839 challenges and getting a challenge that was accepted, given that it was made by a female player.
Find the probability of randomly selecting 2 different challenges and finding that they were both accepted challenges made by female players.
Find the probability of randomly selecting 1 of the 839 challenges and getting a challenge that was accepted and was made by a female player.
If 1 of the 839 challenges is randomly selected, find the probability of getting a challenge that was made by a male player or was rejected.
If 1 of the 839 challenges is randomly selected, find the probability of getting a challenge that was rejected.
Estimate the probability that a randomly selected prime-time television show will be interrupted with a news bulletin.
Oldie but Goodie A secretary types 10 different letters and addresses 10 corresponding envelopes. If he is in a hurry and randomly inserts the letters into the envelopes, what is the probability that exactly 9 of the letters are in the correct envelopes? (Based on Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 23, No.
Change for a Quarter How many different ways can you make change for a quarter? (Different arrangements of the same coins are not counted separately.)
Handshakesa. Five managers gather for a meeting. If each manager shakes hands with each other manager exactly once, what is the total number of handshakes?b. If n managers shake hands with each other exactly once, what is the total number of handshakes?c. How many different ways can five managers
Computer Variable Names A common computer programming rule is that names of variables must be between one and eight characters long. The first character can be any of the 26 letters, while successive characters can be any of the 26 letters or any of the 10 digits. For example, allowable variable
Area Codes USA Today reporter Paul Wiseman described the old rules for the three-digit telephone area codes by writing about “possible area codes with 1 or 0 in the second digit.(Excluded: codes ending in 00 or 11, for toll-free calls, emergency services, and other special uses.)” Codes
Designing Experiment Clinical trials of Nasonex involved a group given placebos and another group given treatments of Nasonex. Assume that a preliminary phase I trial is to be conducted with 10 subjects, including 5 men and 5 women. If 5 of the 10 subjects are randomly selected for the treatment
Mega Millions As of this writing, the Mega Millions lottery is run in 42 states. Winning the jackpot requires that you select the correct five numbers between 1 and 56 and, in a separate drawing, you must also select the correct single number between 1 and 46.Find the probability of winning the
Powerball As of this writing, the Powerball lottery is run in 42 states. Winning the jackpot requires that you select the correct five numbers between 1 and 59 and, in a separate drawing, you must also select the correct single number between 1 and 39.Find the probability of winning the jackpot.
World Cup Soccer Tournament Every four years, 32 soccer teams compete in a world tournament.a. How many games are required to get one championship team from the field of 32 teams?b. If you make random guesses for each game of the tournament, find the probability of picking the winner in every game.
DNA Nucleotides DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is made of nucleotides. Each nucleotide can contain any one of these nitrogenous bases: A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), T (thymine). If one of those four bases (A, G, C, T) must be selected three times to form a linear triplet, how many different
Electricity When testing for current in a cable with five color-coded wires, the author used a meter to test two wires at a time. How many different tests are required for every possible pairing of two wires?
Identity Theft with Credit Cards Credit card numbers typically have 16 digits, but not all of them are random. Answer the following and express probabilities as fractions.a. What is the probability of randomly generating 16 digits and getting your MasterCard number?b. Receipts often show the last
Counting with Fingers How many different ways can you touch two or more fingers to each other on one hand?
Jumble Puzzle Repeat the preceding exercise using these letters: RAWHOR.
Jumble Puzzle Many newspapers carry “Jumble,” a puzzle in which the reader must unscramble letters to form words. The letters MYAIT were included in newspapers on the day this exercise was written. How many ways can those letters be arranged? Identify the correct unscrambling; then determine
Safety with Numbers The author owns a safe in which he stores all of his great ideas for the next edition of this book. The safe “combination” consists of four numbers between 0 and 99, and the safe is designed so that numbers can be repeated. If another author breaks in and tries to steal
Combination Lock The typical combination lock uses three numbers between 0 and 49, and they must be selected in the correct sequence. How many different “combinations” are possible? Which of the five rules of this section is used to find that number? Is the name of“combination lock”
Phase I of a Clinical Trial A clinical test on humans of a new drug is normally done in three phases. Phase I is conducted with a relatively small number of healthy volunteers. For example, a phase I test of bexarotene involved only 14 subjects. Assume that we want to treat 14 healthy humans with
Corporate Officials and Committees The Teknomill Corporation must appoint a president, chief executive officer (CEO), chief operating officer (COO), and chief financial officer (CFO). It must also appoint a Planning Committee with four different members.There are 12 qualified candidates, and
Illinois Lotterya. In the Illinois Little Lotto game, you win the jackpot by selecting five different whole numbers from 1 through 39 and getting the same five numbers (in any order) that are later drawn.What is the probability of winning a jackpot in this game?b. In the Illinois Pick 3 game, you
Maine Lotterya. In the Maine Megabucks game, you win the jackpot by selecting five different whole numbers from 1 through 41 and getting the same five numbers (in any order) that are later drawn.What is the probability of winning a jackpot in this game?b. In the Maine Pick 4 game, you win a
Stacking Books The author currently has seven different books in print. If those seven books are stacked in a random order, what is the probability that they are arranged in alphabetical order from top to bottom?
Teed Off When four golfers are about to begin a game, they often toss a tee to randomly select the order in which they tee off. What is the probability that they tee off in alphabetical order?
Florida Lottery Winning the jackpot in the Florida Lotto requires that you choose six different numbers from 1 to 53, and your numbers must match the same six numbers that are later drawn. The order of the selected numbers does not matter. If you buy one ticket, what is the probability of winning
Connecticut Lottery Winning the jackpot in the Connecticut Classic Lotto requires that you choose six different numbers from 1 to 44, and your numbers must match the same six numbers that are later drawn. The order of the selected numbers does not matter. If you buy one ticket, what is the
Statistics Count How many different ways can the letters of “statistics” be arranged?
Classic Counting Problem A classic counting problem is to determine the number of different ways that the letters of “Mississippi” can be arranged. Find that number.
FedEx Deliveries With a short time remaining in the day, a FedEx driver has time to make deliveries at three locations among the eight locations remaining. How many different routes are possible?
Scheduling Routes A presidential candidate plans to begin her campaign by visiting the capitals in 4 of the 50 states. What is the probability that she selects the route of Sacramento, Albany, Juneau, and Hartford? Is it practical to list all of the different possible routes in order to select the
Blackjack In the game of blackjack played with one deck, a player is initially dealt 2 different cards from the 52 different cards in the deck. Find the probability of getting a 2-card initial hand consisting of the ace of clubs and the ace of spades in any order.
Lady Antebellum Songs A fan of Lady Antebellum music plans to make a custom CD with 12 of her 27 songs. How many different combinations of 12 songs are possible? Is it practical to make a different CD for each possible combination?
Harry Potter Books There are seven books in the Harry Potter series. If the books are read in a randomly selected order, what is the probability that they are read in the order that they were written?
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