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Human Communication 6th Edition Judy C. Pearson, Paul E. Nelson, Scott Titsworth, Angela M. Hosek - Solutions
When you are presenting information to an audience, your topic’s importance, novelty, and usefulness constitute a key factor known asa. information relevance.b. information hunger.c. informative content.d. information overload.
Asking rhetorical questions and arousing curiosity are two ways a speaker can createa. behavioral purposes.b. topics for informative speeches.c. persuasive messages.d. information hunger.
The first step in planning your presentation should bea. asking a few people questions after the presentation is complete.b. teaching or informing your audience.c. determining what objectives you want your audience to meet.d. surveying the audience.
If audiences are able to describe information or define words related to your topic during and after a presentation, you have successfully accomplished youra. demonstration.b. immediate behavioral purposes.c. imagery.d. information overload.
Which is not an appropriate topic for an informative presentation?a. CPR techniquesb. animals and their positive effects on the elderlyc. wedding traditionsd. everyone should donate blood
How do you make an informational topic interesting to the audience?a. Relate your own experiences with the subject.b. Avoid telling stories of your own experiences with the subject.c. Maintain the gaps in your listeners’ knowledge of your subject.d. Arousing interest is not important.
The goal of informative presentations is toa. induce change in the audience.b. discourage the audience from taking action.c. increase an audience’s knowledge or understanding of a topic.d. identify a problem and determine a solution.
Select a section in this chapter and create an infographic that could be used to teach someone else how to improve his or her delivery, manage communication apprehension, or use visual aids. As you create the infographic, you will use critical thinking and creativity to identify the most important
How would you describe your use of gestures? Do they tend to be more open or closed? Do they vary depending on the type of communication situation? What could you do to improve your use of gestures?
The rule of thirds divides a slide into how many hot zones?a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 4
When using PowerPoint, you shoulda. use a lot of text on each slide.b. move the slides quickly, because the audience will get bored.c. vary your slides to keep the presentation interesting.d. utilize all color combinations.
Why are visual resources used?a. Speakers do not need to prepare as much because they can just read their PowerPoint.b. They are appropriate for all types of speeches.c. People tend to learn and retain more when they both see and listen.d. They are fun to watch.
If you are nervous or anxious about giving your presentation, you may be experiencinga. gestures.b. communication apprehension.c. cognitive modification.d. audience adaptation.
With regard to movement, the speaker shoulda. pace back and forth.b. move without purpose.c. move backward when introducing an important point.d. avoid turning his or her back to the audience.
Gestures are movements of the head, arms, and handsa. used to improve source credibility.b. that appear rehearsed and out of rhythm.c. used to illustrate, emphasize, or signal ideas.d. that convey a relationship with the audience.
is the highness or lowness of a speaker’s voice, and is the smoothness of delivery and flow of words.a. Volume; rateb. Pitch; fluencyc. Rate; vocal varietyd. Pitch; enunciation
“Ummmms” or “aahhhs” that disrupt a speaker’s fluency are termeda. vocalized pauses.b. enunciation.c. articulation.d. pitch.
A disadvantage of a presentation delivered in the memorized method isa. the need to create carefully prepared notes.b. a lack of practice.c. a lack of eye contact.d. the removal of spontaneity and the danger of forgetting.
Which method of delivery encourages you to improvise and speak without previous research or preparation?a. extemporaneousb. impromptuc. manuscriptd. memorized
This chapter helps you learn how to organize presentations.A significant body of literature in communication and education addresses the issue of “clarity” in academic settings.Although nearly all of this research approaches clarity from the perspective of the teacher—how to present clear
What happens on morning talk shows when the hosts wish to change subjects? Do they transition smoothly or simply announce the next topic? As a listener, which do you prefer?
Using the suggestions from the text, how would you begin your speech in order to gain the audience’s attention if your speech topic was movies? Your university? Problems of the world, such as war, famine, or poverty? Why did you choose these methods?
A reference list isa. a list of the sources that you might have considered to use in your presentation.b. ideas that you do not want to forget as you are preparing your presentation.c. a list of sources organized as books, articles, interviews, and other sources.d. sources that you actually used in
Reminding the audience of the speech’s central idea and main points, specifying what is expected of audience members, and ending soundly are functions of thea. introduction.b. transitions.c. brakelight.d. conclusion.
Which of the following helps speakers move from one idea to another by reviewing, stating a relationship, and forecasting?a. transitionsb. signpostsc. subpointsd. goals
When a presenter explains a progression of events in chronological order, he or she is most likely using which organizational pattern?a. time-sequenceb. cause/effectc. problem/solutiond. topical-sequence
If you were giving a speech about the parking problem at your university with possible means to resolve it, which organizational pattern would be best?a. time-sequenceb. cause/effectc. problem/solutiond. topical-sequence
Which type of outline consists mostly of important words or phrases but not complex information?a. main pointb. sentencec. key-wordd. cause/effect pattern
Which of the following statements is not true with regard to outlining?a. It uses symbols, margins, and content to reveal the order, importance, and substance of a presentation.b. All items of information in your outline do not need to be directly related to the speech’s purpose and long-range
When developing the body of a speech, you musta. select, prioritize, and organize information.b. write your introduction first.c. use as much information as possible.d. utilize sources but not cite them.
Stating your purpose in the introductiona. is necessary because informative speeches do not invite learning, and this is your only opportunity to explain.b. is unnecessary, because the audience will learn of the purpose in the body of the speech.c. is not appropriate, because you will lose an
Which function of the introduction shows how the topic is related to the audience?a. gaining and maintaining audience attentionb. arousing audience interestc. stating the purpose or thesisd. establishing speaker qualifications
Effective speakers use a variety of types of supporting materials and research in their speeches. The scale created for this chapter helps you assess your strengths and weaknesses in using various types of research resources. After completing and scoring the scale, you can use the results as a
Using a news site like CNN, Fox, or MSNBC, watch a video of a news story. List each source that was identified in the story, and take note of how the source was introduced to the viewer. How did the news report establish credibility of the sources that were used or referenced? Did you find this
Using the Internet, pick a topic and find two sources that could be used to provide information on the topic. One source should be high in credibility, and the other should be low in credibility. Discuss the differences between the sources, and explain why you selected them to illustrate high and
To develop high expertise, research suggests that your experience shoulda. take as few hours as possible.b. involve instant feedback.c. maintain basic skills.d. avoid repetition.
Which type of supporting material includes written or oral statements of others’ experiences?a. examplesb. testimonial evidencec. numbers and statisticsd. definitions
When evaluating sources, you should ensure that the supporting materiala. contains jargon and technical explanations.b. includes relevant and irrelevant information.c. contains bias and is subjective.d. is verifiable.
Brief notations in your outline that indicate a reference used in your speech are called references, whereas references are complete citations that appear in the “references”section of the speech outline.a. internal; bibliographicb. verbal; internalc. bibliographic; externald. external; verbal
Which type of source undergoes blind peer review to ensure high-quality information and contains specified studies?a. nonfiction booksb. academic journal articlesc. government documentsd. trade journal articles
Which of the following cannot be effectively utilized when gathering evidence for your speeches?a. personal experienceb. library resourcesc. the Internetd. a friend’s speech
Which of the following results in higher credibility?a. disorganized speechesb. people perceived as low in statusc. fumbling over wordsd. effective delivery skills
If a person speaks with vocal variety, moves toward the audience, or uses facial expressions and gestures, he or she is exhibiting which aspect of credibility?a. competenceb. trustworthinessc. dynamismd. common ground
Which aspect of source credibility is the degree to which a speaker is perceived as honest, friendly, and honorable?a. competenceb. trustworthinessc. dynamismd. common ground
Which of the following statements regarding source credibility is not true?a. Source credibility is the audience’s perception of the effectiveness of a speaker.b. Source credibility depends on the speaker, the subject discussed, the situation, and the audience.c. Source credibility is something a
You are a white person asked to give a speech to a service club about race relations in the workplace. You expected an all-white audience, but on your arrival you see that at least half the audience consists of people of color. Using the chapter’s last section on adaptation, write down how, if at
Choose a broad topic, and then narrow it by creating your own concept map (see figure 2). At what point do the topics become too specific to be discussed in depth? Which are still too broad for a brief presentation?Choose a few that are just right.
Which is not true of immediate purposes?a. They are highly specific.b. They include the phrase should be able to.c. They use an action verb.d. They are stated from the viewpoint of the speaker.
Which method of analysis requires using your senses to interpret information about the audience?a. involvementb. valuec. judgmentd. observation
If you ask people to rank concepts in order of importance or you ask them questions that place individuals into identifiable groups, you area. conducting a questionnaire.c. narrowing.b. brainstorming.d. inferring.
A method of audience analysis that draws tentative generalizations based on some evidence isa. observation.c. a questionnaire.b. inference.d. a survey.
A deeply rooted belief that affects how we act toward an idea or a concept is a(n)a. attitude.c. value.b. mood.d. thought.
Which level of audience analysis includes collecting data about the characteristics of people?a. audience typeb. audience interest in the topicc. audience’s attitudes, beliefs, and valuesd. demographic analysis
When you investigate the audience’s demographics, interests, and concerns, you area. brainstorming.b. surveying your interests.c. analyzing the audience.d. creating a captive audience.
Why is narrowing your topic important?a. to save time and effortb. to reduce the depth of the topicc. to reduce your bias about the topicd. to increase the length of your speech
After choosing a topic, what should you do?a. Evaluate the importance of your topic.b. Determine how much you and your audience know about the topic.c. Evaluate your commitment to the topic.d. All the above are correct.
What is one basic strategy to keep in mind when selecting a topic for presentation?a. Take a lot of time in choosing a topic.b. Begin with a subject you already know.c. Select a topic you know nothing about.d. Choose a topic that does not affect you personally.
Think about some of your past jobs. In the workplace, did people display immediacy, supportiveness, strategic ambiguity, or interaction management? What did they do to demonstrate these behaviors? What conflict management skills did your supervisors use? Were they successful?
Pick one of your friends and analyze several months of his or her social media presence. Based on your review, what would you identify as the attributes, values, and principles that define your friend’s observable personal brand. What feedback would you provide your friend to work toward
If your boss tells you that you can leave work early on Fridays if you go on a date with him or her, he or she is utilizing a type of sexual harassment calleda. quid pro quo sexual harassment.b. hostile work environment sexual harassment.c. emotional labor.d. nothing; it is not sexual harassment.
Conflict in the workplace can bea. destructive.c. neither a nor b.b. productive.d. both a and b.
Customer service representatives may use which of the following compliance-gaining strategies, in which the representative implies that it is immoral not to comply?a. promisesc. pre-givingb. threatsd. moral appeals
Which technique of conflict management is used to maintain relationship harmony but stifles creative dialogue and decision making?a. compromiseb. accommodationc. avoidanced. collaboration
By smiling, gesturing, and using facial expressions in the workplace to create perceptions of psychological closeness with others, you are enactinga. immediacy.b. management.c. ambiguity.d. preparation.
Which workplace communication competence category includes behaviors surrounding giving and receiving feedback?a. organizingb. immediacyc. relationship maintenanced. information sharing
When preparing for and taking part in an interview, you shoulda. dress a bit more casually than you expect the interviewer to dress.b. ignore the job description, because the interviewer will tell you about the job’s duties.c. avoid using strong eye contact.d. ask and answer questions effectively
When information is transferred formally between a worker and his or her boss, which type of communication takes place?a. horizontalc. societalb. politicald. upward
Information flows in an organization through patterns of relationships known asa. communication networks.b. organizational communication.c. objective statements.d. pattern maintenance.
An organization with this orientation generates and distributes power and control within society.a. economicc. politicalb. pattern maintenanced. integration
What are the benefits and drawbacks to group processes when groups attempt to implement technology resources like Evernote, Asana, and Google Hangout to aid in their workflow? Have you experienced any of these benefits or drawbacks personally?
Think of the groups to which you belong. Do they mesh with the text’s definition of a small group? What are the groups’ functions? What type of leader does each group have? What group norms are you expected to abide by?
To manage group conflict ethically, members musta. be willing to listen to and compromise with others.b. base their disagreements on feeling and intuition.c. disagree with people rather than ideas.d. defend their ideas and refuse to listen to others’ ideas.
When communicating with other group members, you shoulda. use technical language, so that you appear more credible.b. state numerous points at a time.c. be long-winded.d. relate your remarks to previous statements.
Which of the following statements is true?a. Groups exist solely for problem solving.b. Effective leaders do not adapt their leadership skills to the needs of the group.c. Technology can be utilized to help facilitate communication within small groups.d. Groupthink is a helpful and effective method
Creating a discussion question, evaluating prospective solutions, and brainstorming and evaluating possible solutions are steps ina. group conflict.b. group diversity.c. group decision making.d. groupthink.
Informal rules for group interaction, the emotional tone created within a group, and group member roles are comprised ina. leadership skills.b. brainstorming techniques.c. maintenance functions.d. a group’s culture.
According to French and Raven, referent power isa. power based on others’ admiration and respect.b. the ability to give followers what they want and need.c. power that arises when other members value a person’s knowledge or expertise.d. the ability to withhold from followers what they want and
A process of using communication to influence the behaviors and attitudes of others to meet group goals and to benefit the group isa. groupthink.b. inclusion.c. leadership.d. role.
A group that meets via Skype to discuss integrated urban housing developments for cities near Los Angeles is an example of aa. relationship-oriented group.b. task-oriented group.c. cluster-oriented group.d. meeting-oriented group.
What is true of small groups?a. They are comprised of three to nine people.b. Members are interdependent.c. Group members work toward a common goal.d. All of the above are correct.
“Groups meet needs,” “Groups are everywhere,” and“Working effectively in groups requires training” are statements that explaina. types of small groups.b. reasons for studying small-group communication.c. ways of interacting in small groups.d. methods of studying small-group
Your responses to these statements can help you assess your preferences for individualism/collectivism, uncertaintyaccepting/uncertainty-rejecting, and On-time/Sometime cultural orientations. You can score your responses by following these directions:• Individualism (add responses to Q1 and Q11)
What are the dominant and non-dominant cultures where you live? By what means does the dominant culture in your area reinforce its rules for living? How does it communicate its rules to all others?
In the spring of 2015, controversy erupted surrounding a religious freedom law that opened the door for private businesses to potentially deny services to people who are gay, based on religious grounds. How do you think the topics of intercultural communication and dominant/nondominant subcultures
If you are trying to improve your intercultural communication, you should do which of the following?a. Be ethnocentric.b. Avoid shared codes.c. Close communication channels.d. Conduct a personal self-assessment.
Those who schedule their days, are early for appointments, and plan for the future are probably members of a(n)a. On-time culture.b. Sometime culture.c. uncertainty-accepting culture.d. collectivist culture.
When you have a negative attitude about other people just because they are who they are, you are demonstratinga. prejudice.b. ignorance.c. ethnocentrism.d. stereotyping.
An example of a non-dominant culture that does not try to fit into the dominant culture in the United States isa. the Amish.b. women.c. Protestants.d. the U.S. Army.
Cultures that are more concerned with individuality, competition, and private property are which type of culture?a. collectivistb. relativisticc. individualisticd. assimilated
When people stereotype, theya. judge another person’s culture by its own context.b. make a generalization about a group of people that oversimplifies their culture.c. believe their own culture is superior to other cultures.d. avoid making degrading comments with relation to sexual objectification.
When people bring prejudices of their culture to intercultural interactions, they are beinga. ethnocentric.b. stereotypic.c. accommodating.d. collectivist.
When marginalized groups try to fit in with the dominant group, they are attempting to achievea. accommodation.b. separation.c. distinction.d. assimilation.
How does the dominant culture differ from a non-dominant culture?a. The non-dominant culture is always smaller in number.b. The non-dominant culture has the power and authority.c. The dominant culture makes the rules.d. The dominant culture is always larger in number.
Which of the following statements is not true?a. The convergence of technologies has created global connectedness.b. Communication with people from other cultures is becoming increasingly uncommon.c. The influx of foreign-born immigrants, aliens, and refugees has changed the face of America.d.
Which of the following is very important in interpersonal communication, given that relationships between people are constantly changing?a. bargainingb. self-conceptc. behavioral flexibilityd. dialectic tensions
Your childhood nickname and the pet name your significant other calls you are examples ofa. compliance-gaining.b. personal idioms.c. rituals.d. contradictions.
A motivation for terminating a relationship by deliberately making somebody believe untrue things is labeleda. deceptive communication.b. aggressiveness.c. argumentativeness.d. defensiveness.
We may begin a relationship with someone based on how desirable that person is to work with in the classroom.This type of motivation is calleda. responsiveness.b. similarity.c. complementarity.d. attractiveness.
If two people in a relationship start to merge their social circles and purchase items together, they are exhibiting actions in thea. relational development stage.b. relational maintenance stage.c. relational deterioration stage.d. relational dialectic stage.
Which of the following statements regarding friendship is true?a. Friendships remain unchanged over time.b. All friendships are maintained identically, regardless of relational partners’ intent.c. The quality of friendship is affected by other psychological predispositions.d. For many older
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