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operations management

Questions and Answers of Operations Management

Sun Screen Inc., a U.S.-based manufacturer of solar panels, is planning to build a new manufacturing facility in one of five possible locations: Mexico, India, China, Greece, or Argentina.The cost of
Why is sensitivity analysis a useful tool for making decisions under uncertainty?
AMCO International, a major apparel retail company, has several stores in the United States and in countries throughout the globe. It imports most of its apparel products and garments from overseas
When are decision trees an appropriate tool to use in the decision making process?
Refer to Problem 7. After consulting with economists, government officials, and other supply chain experts, the vice president of supply chain for AMCO international was able to estimate the
What are some criticisms of the Hurwicz and the Laplace criteria?
Michael Brusco has inherited a large amount of money from his aunt. He wants to invest this money for two years and is considering several short-term investment alternatives. The returns on his
In evaluating several capacity planning alternatives using EV, a manager arrives at a virtual tie between two alternatives. What are some additional factors he should consider to break the tie?
Refer to Problem 9. After consulting with economic professors of his alma mater, Penn State University, Mike Brusco was able to estimate the following probabilities for the three different states of
When is it appropriate to use the expected value approach as a decision criterion? When is it not appropriate?
Scary Toys, Inc. must decide how to promote a new singing Zombie doll. Initially, the company must decide whether to market the doll or test market it first. Following the test marketing, the firm
List some ways by which the tools of decision analysis can be used to promote potentially unethical behavior?
Ozgun Demirag, the owner of a high-end U.S. apparel store, Feminine Fashions, is planning to open another facility in her hometown of Izmir, Turkey. Demirag can open a large store, a small store, or,
Kumar Electronics is planning to introduce a new line of electronic products it plans to market and sell in India. Sanjay Kumar, the owner, is trying to decide whether to build a small or large
Refer to Problem 12. Ozgun Demirag is now considering whether to conduct a test-marketing program before opening any type of store in Izmir, Turkey. The test-marketing program will cost $10,000. If
Medaas Oil Company located in Stavanger, Norway, is considering making a bid for an oil exploration contract to be awarded by the Norwegian government. Megan Medaas, the Chief Financial Officer of
Elite Shipping Inc., a third-party logistics provider, in Chennai, India, is planning to build a new warehouse to accommodate the increasing demand for its warehousing services. Mr. Venkatesh, the
Refer to Problem 17. Although Mr. Venkatesh of Elite Shipping has estimated the payoffs associated with the various warehouse options, he is not willing to assign probabilities to the two states of
Refer to Problem 13. Sanjay Kumar of Kumar Electronics is reluctant to assign probabilities to the different states of nature (demand). He asks for your help in determining which alternative among
Asean Aromatics, a manufacturer of perfumes and aromatic oils, is planning to introduce three new perfumes: Lavender Mist, Jasmine Dreams, and Sandalwood Delight. Nevertheless, the president of the
Refer to Problem 21. After extensive discussion with an economics professor from his alma mater, Capt. Muralidharan has decided that reasonable probabilities for the various demand scenarios are 0.10
Patagonia, designer of outdoor clothing and sports equipment, is planning to introduce a new brand of ski jackets: Ultra lite and Feather lite. The probabilities for the various possible states of
Sunshine Health Club is planning to build a new athletics and recreation facility and is debating which of the service feature alternatives (shown in Table F.29) to include in addition to the usual
Refer to Problem C.13. The management of the shipping company wants to reduce the average service time per terminal dock to 15 minutes per truck by adding a fifth terminal dock. Assume the arrival
What is simulation, and why is it a widely used tool for solving real world problems?
The interarrival time of cars at a toll booth on an interstate expressway is defined by the following probability distribution:1. Simulate the arrival of cars at the toll booth for 15 arrivals, and
The Millers Ice Cream store in Bar Harbor, Maine, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the downtown area. Bar Harbor is the definition of a seasonal attraction, with most of its crowds
Provide some examples of real-world problems that have been studied using simulation.
Refer to problem D.1. The service time for each car arriving at this toll booth is between 1 and 5 minutes. The probability distribution of service times is given in the following table. Using the
The time between emergency calls at the 9-1-1 emergency call service of a Pennsylvania township has the following probability distribution. The 91-1 service sends emergency responders 24 hours per
Refer to Example D.2. Ryan Smith, the Orion Electronics store manager, would like to try an alternative inventory policy of ordering 15 microwave units whenever the inventory level drops to 5. Also,
The Neptune Manufacturing Company has a process that requires four machines to manufacture a product. The number of machines that will break down in any given week varies and the time to repair a
Provide examples of how some companies use Monte Carlo simulation.
The Gulf Shipping Company in Dubai, UAE, unloads cargo from ships arriving daily on a first-come, first-served basis. Ships that are not unloaded on the day they arrive are unloaded the following
List the five basic steps of the Monte Carlo simulation technique.
The administrator of emergency ward of Trinity Hospital has to decide the number of doctors to be made available to treat patients arriving at the facility every night. The number of doctors required
To draw meaningful conclusions about the simulation study of a realworld system, a large number of simulation trials is required. Why?
Champion Electronics Warehouse sells a certain brand of headsets that it orders from Reliance Electronics in Japan. The probability distribution of demand per week for the headsets and the
A satellite TV network provider receives calls for technical assistance from customers at its call center. The interarrival time between calls is a random variable and varies between 1 and 5 minutes.
Why simulation may be the only choice (instead of other analytical tools) that a manager may have in studying inventory ordering policies and waiting line problems?
A grinding machine has two bearings that fail periodically. The probability distribution of the life of both bearings is identical and is shown in the following table:When a bearing fails, a repair
Spar Solutions, Inc. (SSI) is an engineering and fabrication firm that specializes in manufacturing drilling rigs for deep water oil exploration. SSI produces a special drilling platform called the
Explain the learning curve phenomenon.
Why are learning curve effects not particularly significant in mass production systems?
A software company hires a new programmer to write the coding sequences for a software project. It is estimated that the new programmer will take 30 hours to write the first coding sequence. Assuming
What are the factors that determine the extent to which learning occurs?
Why is it easier to apply the learning curve concepts in a manufacturing rather than in a service setting?
A new electronic component produced for an oil drill rig took 40 hours for the production of the first unit. If the production process has an 85% learning rate, calculate:1. The estimated time
Discuss some of the areas where applications of learning curve concepts have been found useful.
Discuss why more learning occurs at a 70% learning rate than at an 80% rate.
Why do learning curves flatten out as the number of repetitions of task increases?
What factors might cause a learning curve to peak upward as the number of repetitions increase?
Timothy Moore, an IRS auditor, wants to determine the approximate learning rate for processing tax returns. He has recorded the following times (in minutes) for the first seven tax returns:1.
An operations manager claims that one of the production processes he oversees has a learning rate of 88%. One of the new components produced in this production process has the following completion
Can you think of some circumstances where a manager may want no learning to occur?
Alert Corporation produces a new home security system with a built-in surveillance camera. It took the company 82 hours to produce the first unit, and the company has a learning rate of 75%:1. How
Orion Electronics produces electronics components. As a result of the increasing demand for this component, the company hires three new skilled workers. The following table lists the time it takes in
The housekeeping department hires a new maid, Donna Hunter, to clean the hotel’s guest rooms. Donna took 90 minutes for her first iteration of cleaning a room and 75 minutes for the second
An Operations Management consultant, Dr. Varun Gupta, has been asked to prepare a new SAP-based (SAP SE, Walldorf, Germany) ERP system training course that will be taught yearly at a local company.
Prince Aerospace Inc. builds small commuter aircrafts for sale to various customers. The company has a skilled workforce of 15. The total labor time contributed by each worker of this work force is
SuperTech Enterprises contracts with both regional and national airline companies to service the hydraulic systems of their aircrafts. The company has to prepare a new service contract to service the
Clear Site Inc. is a manufacturer of night vision devices. The company is about to bid on a new night vision goggle for the military. The product uses state-of-the-art infrared illuminator
Refer to Problem E.16. Using the data in Problem E.16:1. How long will it take to service the 10th hydraulic system?2. How long will it take to service hydraulic systems 10 through 15?3. If SuperTech
Refer to Problem E.17. The direct labor cost to produce a night vision goggle is $30 per hour. Job setup costs and direct material costs are $40, and material costs are $15 per goggle. The overhead
List and briefly explain the costs of quality.
What is the Taguchi loss function, and how is it used to improve the quality of designs?
The specifications for the diameter of a motor shaft are between 2.3 inches and 2.5 inches. Any motor shaft that falls outside of these limits is considered to be defective. The average diameters of
What information on a process’s capability do the Cp and Cpk indexes provide individually and jointly?
If you conclude using a control chart that a process is in control, can you also assume that the process is also capable?
The fictional Zantec Tool Company manufactures metal washers used as locking devices. One of the parameters that determine the quality of a washer is its diameter. The company’s manufacturing
Madan Lal & Sons is a fictional Indian manufacturer of highquality cricket balls.The balls are 100% handmade and consist of high-quality leather and other materials. To maintain its reputation as
Spencer’s Food Mart (Spencer, OK) monitors its customers’ checkout times using mean and range charts. Eight samples of n = 20 checkout time observations (in minutes) were collected, and the
Trinity Hospital in the Philippines has been experiencing an increase in the errors related to the medication administered to patients. Over the course of 30 days, the hospital collected the
A courier company guarantees its customers that the average time to pick up their packages is 20 minutes with a tolerance of ± 6 minutes. The company collected data on 30 actual arrival times and
A glass manufacturer wants to measure flaws in sheets of float glass produced using control charts. The company would like to address problems that the chart highlights until the process becomes
What is the difference between effective capacity and design capacity?
Refer to problem 13. Suppose Laurel plans to expand her business. The new fixed cost would be $20,000. The average variable cost reduces to $9 per unit and sales price remains at $15 per unit.1. What
Discuss briefly the three key elements of the global capacity management process.
Blue Moon Airways (BMA), a fictional airline company with headquarters in India, is planning to open a second service hub in response to surge in demand for air travel to and from India to cities in
Mary Beth Olsen, owner of a pizza shop, is planning to expand her operation by adding one additional pizza shop. She has narrowed her choices to three locations. Labor and materials costs per pizza
A textile factory produces men€™s clothes at the following five locations in Southern India: Tirunelveli, Palakad, Tiruppur, Tumkur, and Vijayawada. The company now needs to determine the
What sustainability and ethical issues do companies need to consider when making location choices?
Varun Excelo, a fictional construction company in Chennai, India, is planning to construct a new beachfront resort along the eastern coast of India. The company has narrowed its choice to the
1. Think of other examples of sustainability that are motivating corporations worldwide to redesign their processes. What are some critical factors that have led to this movement, as well as some
How can you use the following process analysis tools to improve or redesign existing processes?1. An assembly chart2. A process routing sheet3. A process chart
This chapter suggests that capacity planning and process selection serve as a link between external, market-driven demands and internal operational processes. Why is this the case?
You have just been hired to redesign the layout of a moderately priced restaurant in midtown New York City. You serve two meals daily—lunch and dinner. In analyzing some of the critical elements in
What advantages does a process simulation have over the charting techniques used to analyze a process?
Under what circumstances would an organization consider producing a component in-house versus outsourcing it?
Suppose that you were now considering the redesign of a lowpriced, family-style restaurant in South Florida. How might your budget priorities for the various design elements change? Why?
The goal of a retail layout is to maximize profit per square foot of floor space. How does this principle affect your decision on how many products to stock in a retail clothing outlet?
Discuss service blueprinting and how it’s useful for analyzing service processes.
What is a Muther’s grid, and how is it used in process layout decisions?
Referring to problem 3, is there a critical mass for stocking products on retail floors? In other words, how would you evaluate a retail clothing store that crowded the aisles with clothing displays?
Explain the service process design matrix. How can organizations use it when examining their service processes?
Given the following Muther€™s grid, design a revised layout on a 2 Ã— 3 grid: Department (1) Department (2) Department (3) Department (4) Department (5) Department (6) Closeness
What are some common examples of intermodal transportation? Briefly describe how each works.
Identify the four broad categories of materials handling.
What are the inputs to an MRP system? What information is provided by each of these inputs?
What is the difference between independent and dependent demand? Explain the difference with an example.

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