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business
operations management

Questions and Answers of Operations Management

A car rental agency uses 96 boxes of staples a year. The boxes cost \($4\) each. It costs \($10\) to order staples, and it costs \($0.80\) to hold a box of staples in inventory for 1 year. Using the
The reorder point for SKU 303 is 102 units, while average demand during the lead time on an order for SKU 303 is 97 units. How much safety stock is implied by SKU 303's reorder point policy?
A certain company reorders envelopes when its stock drops to 12 boxes, although demand for envelopes during lead time is normally distributed with a mean of 10 boxes and a standard deviation of 3
A carpet cleaning firm uses an average of 20 gallons of cleaning fluid a day. Usage tends to be normally distributed with a standard deviation of 2 gallons per day. Lead time is 4 days, and the
A gift shop sells 400 boxes of scented candles a year. The ordering cost is \($60\) for scented candles, and holding cost is \($24\) per box per year. What is the minimum annual amount of these
The Office of Environmental Studies uses a reorder point system to govern its order- ing of new shipments of public information flyers. Demand for public information flyers varies, depending on the
If demand for an item is 10 per month, the cost of placing an order is \($15\), and the cost of holding one item in inventory for 1 year is \($25\), what is the EOQ?
Suppose that annual demand for a certain item has decreased dramatically this year, although the store that stocks this item has not updated its inventory policy, so the store is still using the same
The demand for a particular part called SKU 005 is 1,500 units a year. The cost of one SKU 005 is \($50.00\). It costs \($60.00\) to place an order for SKU 005, and the user of SKU 005 has a per year
The Sun Up Convenience Store is open 365 days a year. Sun Up sells 25 bottles of Electric Energy Drink each day. It costs \($8.00\) for Sun Up to order Electric Energy Drink, regardless of the size
The Fine Crate Company uses 14,600 wooden slats a year, building wooden crates at a constant rate. The Fine Crate Company can produce 160 wooden slats a day when it sets up to produce wooden slats.
A large hotel serves banquets and several restaurants from a central kitchen in which labor is shifted among various stations and jobs. Dessert consumption is vir- tually constant and known to be
A warehouse stocks three different items: SKU 1, SKU 2, and SKU 3.Information on each of these items is provided in this table:The warehouse uses the same reorder point for all three items: it always
Consider the sawtooth diagram below, which illustrates the inventory issues asso- ciated with SKU 0012, a small, stamped metal part produced by the ConAm Com- pany, over the last 40 days. Answer the
What is more important, aggregate or material requirements planning?
Aggregate planning can also be thought of as what kind of capacity planning?
Link's Lumber manufactures pressure-treated wood materials that it aggregates into metric tons of output for medium-term capacity planning. Link's follows level production schedules calculated at
Material requirements planning was developed for manufacturing. How might this system be put to work for a service organization?
The process of translating an aggregated value into individual estimates correspond- ing to specific products is referred to as what?
Bedok Company builds a finished good A that consists of two child items, one B and one C. Lead time on each of these three items is 1 week, and 10 of each of the two child items are in inventory
Newer, smaller businesses are more often observed chasing demand than leveling production. Why would these businesses prefer that particular strategy?
Recall from Chapter 6 that Myer Wine Racking and Cel- lar Company is a small but growing carpentry job shop specializing in natural-finish redwood racking systems for storage and display of wine
What is an aggregate planning approach that relies on adjusting capacity to reflect current demand called?
What is an Achilles' heel and why would a certain assumption about lead times be considered the Achilles' heel of MRP?
Largely idle capacity maintained beyond the expected load level of a system, often to absorb unexpected demand, is described as what?
What type of inventory has a parent and at least one child item?
What type of inventory is childless?
Finished goods always appear on what level in a product structure diagram?
If a product structure diagram has five levels, what is the number of its lowest level?
When performing MRP calculations, the planned order releases of an item are incor- porated into the gross requirements of any child of that item, multiplied by what?
A scheduling approach that recognizes capacity constraints is described as what?
What is a strategic information system that integrates all functional areas of an orga- nization called?
Are level production strategies associated with lower or higher utilization of resources, compared to other approaches?
Consider the following product structure: Each A consists of one B and three Cs. Each B consists of one D, 2 Es, and 5 Fs. Each C consists of one E and one F. How many Es are necessary to produce a
Consider the following product structure: Each A consists of one B and three Cs. Each B consists of one D, two Es, and five Fs. Each C consists of one E and one F. How many Fs are necessary to
Maynard Associates has 62 units of a certain product on hand currently. The demand forecast for next week is 25 units, and Maynard plans to produce an additional 10 units of the product during that
Maynard Associates has 62 units of a certain product on hand currently. The demand forecast for next week is 25 units, and Maynard plans to produce an additional 10 units of the product during that
Brightlin has 50 steel wheels in stock and needs 332 to complete an upcoming proj- ect. If Brightlin creates its own steel wheels in batches of 25, how many steel wheels should it order from itself
If a shipment is needed in week 8 and the lead time on its arrival is always 3 weeks, when should the shipment be ordered?
If item Y is the parent of Z and item X is the parent of Y, which item is the finished good?
Given no starting inventory, cumulative production of 2,000 units at the end of a certain month by which cumulative demand is up to 2,500 units implies what?
Maynard Associates has 62 units of a certain product on hand currently. The demand forecast for the next two planning periods is 25 units each period. Maynard Associ- ates has no plans for production
Maynard Associates has 62 units of a certain product on hand currently. The demand forecast for the next two planning periods is 25 units each period. Maynard Associ- ates has no plans for production
Maynard Associates has 62 units of a certain product on hand currently. The demand forecast for the next two planning periods is 25 units each period. Maynard Associ- ates has no plans for production
A finished good A consists of two child items, one B and one C. Lead time on each of these three items is 1 week, and 10 of each of these three items are available in inventory currently, available
Customer demand for some finished good is forecast at 1,000 units for January, 2,000 units for February, and 3,000 units for March. If the company that produces this finished good has nothing in
The XYZ Firm has 56 units of SKU001 available in inventory right now. The forecast of demand for SKU001 is 20 units per week for the next 4 weeks. If XYZ Firm plans to produce 100 units of SKU001
Brightland Tech must develop an aggregate plan to meet the following 5 months of demand:Brightland has 50 units in inventory at this time, and the company intends to produce 150 units a month for the
A warehouse began the month of October with 300 tons of goods, but its inven- tory had fallen to 100 tons at the beginning of November, before increasing again to 200 tons at the beginning of
The manufacturing company Highlands Archery has forecast the demand for the Grizzly compound bow for the next 4 months. The production manager at High- lands Archery has already created an aggregate
Livingston Fabrication has created the following aggregate plan for the next 5 months:Assume that Livingston will have nothing in inventory at the end of July. Livingston employs 500 production
Dumfries Industries is generating a materials requirement plan for the next 6 weeks. Here is its most current information:a. How many levels does a product structure for Dumfries' item A have?b.
General Food Stuffs packages a variety of breakfast cereals and snack bars, which it aggregates as simply units of sale when doing medium-term planning. General Food Stuffs has created the following
Williston Technologies wishes to use MRP methodology to develop a plan for the next 9 weeks. Williston Technologies has gathered the following information:a. Using MRP methodology, how much of parts
Consider the following product structure diagram, representing a bill of materials required to assemble some finished good A:(Items A through FF have been sketched as circles for convenience, but
Visit a furniture store (other than IKEA) and a sandwich or snack shop (other than Prêt a Manger). Observe how each shop operates, for example where customers go, how staff interact with them, how
Step 1 – Look again at the figures in the chapter which illustrate the meaning of each performance objective for the four operations. Consider the bus company and the supermarket, and in particular
If the space restrictions are relaxed and the average work in process rises to ten what will the throughput time be?
A simple product has eight elements (a to h) whose times and immediate predecessors are shown in Table 7.5. Devise a product layout that will produce products at a rate of at least six products an
Visit a 'print services' operation of some kind. This could be one of the many high-street shops that offer to copy and bind documents. It could be the print services department of a university,
Visit a building site (you will need permission for this), preferably a large one. Examine how the various contractors have located themselves relative to the fixed position of whatever is being
Visit two service operations (for example, a cinema and a department store). Identify the types of layout used in these operations and look for the bottlenecks that impede flow. Identify ways of
The flow of materials through eight departments is shown in Table 7.6. Assuming that the direction of the flow of materials is not important, construct a relationship chart, a schematic layout and a
A loan application process involves eight separate tasks. Task A takes 10 minutes and does not require any other of the tasks to be performed before it can be started. Similarly, Task B can be
Doctor Carlson was frustrated. 'I just don't understand why my colleagues are proving so resistant to this innovation. Computer-based diagnostic systems have been proved to be more effective than a
How do you think Auto-ID could benefit operations process in (a) A hospital, (b) An airport, (c) A warehouse?
(a) Visit a number of fast-food restaurants and observe the technology used to prepare, cook, store and serve food. When these technologies are being developed, what do you think are the main
Dr Rhodes was losing his temper. 'It should be a simple enough decision. There are only two alternatives. You are only being asked to choose a machine!' The management committee looked abashed.
A local government housing office is considering investing in a new computer system for managing the maintenance of its properties. The system is forecast to generate savings of around £100,000 per
Consider the following journey taken by an application for a fishing licence. The customer requesting the licence either calls the licensing office, writes to them or on-line requests an application
Consider how setup reduction principles can be used on the following:(a) Changing a tyre at the side of the road (following a puncture).(b) Cleaning out an aircraft and preparing it for the next
Using an internet search engine, enter ‘kanban’ and capture who uses such devices for planning and control. Contrast the way in which they are used.
Your company has developed a simple but amazingly effective mango peeler. It is constructed from a blade and a supergrip handle that has a top piece and a bottom piece. The assembled mango peeler is
How would you organize a ‘virtual university’? What would be the advantages and disadvantages of such an arrangement?
Step 1 – Read the description that David Garman gives of the different types of companies that offer distribution services, from ‘haulage’ and ‘storage’ companies through to those companies
A warehouse employs five people to pick items off its shelves and pack them into boxes. It has derived set times for each element of the job as follows: make up case (0.5 minutes), pick items off
Using a web search, find information on three different ERP suppliers’ products. Compare and contrast, ideally using a tabular presentation:(a) The main modules offered;(b) The extent to which
The mango peeler described above was a huge success. Demand is now level at 800 items per week. You have also developed two further products, a melon baller and a passion fruit pulper. Both new
Based on web searches, identify two examples of ‘successful’ ERP implementation, one from manufacturing and the other from a service or government organization. Summarize the claimed benefits
Revisit the worked example earlier in the chapter that analyzed a journey in terms of value-added time (actually going somewhere) and non-value-added time (the time spent queueing, etc.). Worked
'There must be a better way of running this place!' said Dean Hammond, recently recruited General Manager of B&B, as he finished a somewhat stressful conversation with a complaining customer, a large
In the above example, if all information within the licensing process is moved electronically as soon as it is processed rather than being batched and transported the next day, how will it affect the
(a) Visit the websites of two or three airlines and examine their business-class and first-class services to look for ideas that reduce the non-value-added time for customers who are willing to pay
Examine the value-added versus non-value-added times for some other services. For example:(a) Handing in an assignment for marking if you are currently studying for a qualification (what is the
If the licensing process offers an on-line application service whereby customers can access and submit their application on-line, how might this affect the throughput efficiency?
A simple process has four stages, A, B, C and D. The average amount of work needed to process items passing through these stages is as follows: Stage A = 68 minutes, Stage B = 55 minutes, Stage C =
The activities, their durations and precedences for designing, writing and installing a bespoke computer database are shown in Table 16.6. Draw a Gantt chart and a network diagram for the project and
In the example above, the operations manager in charge of the process re-allocates the work at each stage to improve the ‘balance’ of the process. Now each stage has an average of 64 minutes of
A production process is required to produce 1,400 of product X, 840 of product Y and 420 of product Z in a fourweek period. If the process works seven hours per day and five days per week, devise a
Anuar Kamaruddin, COO of United Photonics Malaysia (UPM), was conscious that the project in front of him was one of the most important he had handled for many years. The number and variety of the
Identify a project of which you have been part (for example moving apartment, a holiday, dramatic production, revision for an examination, etc.).(a) Who were the stakeholders in this project? (b)
In the example above, if the sales manager cannot be hired for three weeks, how will that affect the total project?ExampleThe implementation of a new logistics operation involves the purchase of a
A business is launching a new product. The launch will require a number of related activities as follows - hire a sales manager (5 weeks), require the sales manager to recruit sales people (4 weeks),
Identify your favourite sporting team (Manchester United, the Toulon rugby team, or if you are not a sporting person, choose any team you have heard of). What kind of projects do you think they need
Visit the websites of some companies that have developed computer-based project management software (for example, primavera.com, welcome.com, microsoft.com, or just put ‘project management
Peter Townsend knew that he would have to make some decisions pretty soon. His sports goods manufacturing business, Psycho Sports, had grown so rapidly over the last two years that he would soon have
The Novelty Pencil Company described in the worked example in this chapter has asked you to calculate its ordering schedules for the first and second levels of its ‘Pointy Pencil’ product.
Using a cookery book, choose three similar, fairly complex recipe items such as layered and decorated gateaux (cakes) or desserts. For each, construct the indented bill of materials and identify all
Figure 14.13 shows component structure, lead time in weeks, order quantities and inventory ‘on hand’ quantities for a product. Calculate the net requirements in week 10 for each part if demand
Working in a small study group, construct a model of the information systems that you think would be needed to plan and control the most important day-to-day operations and finances of a large

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