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Production And Operations Management Systems 1st Edition Sushil Gupta; Martin Starr - Solutions
How can a quantity discount model be used by a buyer and supplier to negotiate a price break point schedule that benefits both of them?
Why is it that multiple price break points for many discount levels can be examined in the same fashion as one price break point for a single discount?
Is the two-bin inventory system perpetual or periodic?
Distinguish between inventory problems under certainty, risk, and uncertainty.
Water testing at the Central Park reservoir requires a chemical reagent that costs $500 per gallon. Use is constant at 1/3 gallon per week. Carrying cost rate is considered to be 12% per year, and the cost of an order is $125. What is the optimal order quantity for the reagent?
Continuing with the information about the Central Park reservoir given in Problem 1, the city could make this reagent at the rate of 1/8 gallon per day, at a cost of $300 per gallon. The setup cost is $150. Use a 7-day week.Compare using the EOQ and the EPQ systems. What course of action do you
Water testing at the Delaware reservoir requires a chemical reagent that costs$400 per gallon. Use is constant at 1/3 gallon per week. Carrying cost rate is considered to be 10% per year, and the cost of an order is $100. What is the optimal order quantity for the reagent?
Continuing with the information about the Delaware reservoir given in Problem 3, the town could make this reagent at the rate of 1/4 gallon per day, at a cost of$500 per gallon. The setup cost is $125. Use a 7-day week. Compare using the EOQ and the EPQ systems. What course of action do you
The Drug Store carries Deodorant R, which has an expected demand of 15,000 jars per year (or 60 jars per day with 250 days per year). Lead time from the distributor is 3 days. It has been determined that demand in any 3-day period exceeds 200 jars only once out of every 100 3-day periods. This
Use the information given in Problem 5, plus the fact that it has been determined that demand in any 50-day period exceeds 4000 jars only once out of every 100 50-day periods. This outage level (of 1 in 100 LT periods) is considered acceptable by P/OM and their marketing colleagues. Set up the
Compare the results derived in Problems 5 and
What do you recommend doing? Explain how you have taken into account all of the important differentiating characteristics of perpetual and periodic inventory systems. (EOQ with stock-outs.)
Consider the recommendation made in Problem 5, taking into account the fact that The Drug Store must combine orders for Deodorant R with other items in order to have sufficient volume to qualify for the distributor’s shipping without charge. With this constraint, what are your recommendations?
The information required to solve an EOQ inventory problem is as follows:demand per year (D) = 5000, ordering cost per order (S) = $10.00, cost of the item (C) = $10 per unit, and inventory carrying cost per unit per year (H) = 16%of the cost of the item (C). What is the optimal order quantity?
Using the information in Problem 9, instead of buying from a supplier the decision is to make the item in the company’s factory. The new equipment is able to produce 30 units per day. Cost per item is now $6.00. The set up cost is $150.00 per set up. What is the optimal run size (EPQ)?
Using the information in Problems 9 and 10, which is better: make or buy?
Using the information in Problems 9–11, what factors that are not part of the mathematical model might shift the decision?
The following quantity discount schedule has been offered for the situation described in Problem 9.Should either of these discounts be accepted?$10.00 for Q ≤ 299$9.00 for 300 ≤ Q ≤ 499$8.00 for Q ≥ 500
The quantity discount schedule offered in Problem 13 prompted a competitor to offer the following discount schedule. Should any of these discounts be accepted$10.00 for Q ≤ 250$9.00 for 251 ≤ Q ≤ 599$7.00 for Q ≥ 600
Compare the answers to Problems 13 and 14 and discuss these results, making appropriate recommendations.
Murphy’s is famous for their coffee blend. The company buys and roasts the beans and then packs the coffee in foil bags. It buys the beans periodically in quantities of 120,000 pounds and assumes this to be the optimal order quantity.This year it has been paying $2.40 per pound on a fairly
Using the information in Problem 16, suggest a better ordering policy.
The manager of the greeting card production department has been buying two rolls of acetate at a time. They cost $200 each. Card production requires 10 rolls per year. Ordering cost is estimated to be $4 per order. What carrying cost rate is imputed? Is it reasonable?
Using the information in Problem 18, if the cost of rolls of acetate increases to$250 each, what happens to the imputed carrying cost rate? Is this reasonable?
In an inventory control system, the annual demand is 12,000 units; the ordering cost is $30 per order and the inventory holding cost is $3.00 per unit per year. The order quantity is 1000 units and the cost per unit of the item is $150? What is the total cost (TC) per year? TC includes the
A company is planning for its financing needs. What is the total cost (TC) per year given an annual demand of 12,000 units, setup cost of $32 per order, a holding cost per unit per year of $4, an order quantity of 400 units, and a cost per unit of inventory of $150? TC includes the yearly set up
If annual demand is 50,000 units, the ordering cost is $25 per order, and the holding cost is $5 per unit per year, what is the optimal order quantity?
A company is using the EOQ model to manage its inventories. Suppose its annual demand doubles, while the ordering cost per order and inventory holding cost per unit per year do not change. What will happen to the EOQ?
Find the EPQ for the following problem. Also identify the storage capacity required.Annual demand = 50,000 units; setup cost = 25; inventory holding cost = 5 per unit per year. Production rate = 500 units per day; number of working days = 250.
Consider the following data and answer the next four questions.A plant operates 5 days a week, 52 weeks a year, and can produce at 60 units per day.The setup cost for production run is $450.00.The cost of holding inventory is $5.00 per unit per year.The annual demand for this product is 5000
Describe the loading function.
Explain a Gantt chart.
What is a flow shop?
Distinguish between flow and job shops.
When does FIFO make sense as a sequencing rule?
When does LIFO make sense as a sequencing rule?
When should SPT be used?
What is a dynamic scheduling problem?
Describe the conditions when customers receiving services in a bank constitute a dynamic problem. Differentiate the conditions for a static problem.
What factors will you consider in choosing a checkout line in a grocery store?
Why may it not be desirable to complete a job before its due date?
The schedule has been set when suddenly a “very important customer” sends in a new order and demands it go to the head of the line. What considerations will you discuss with your colleagues?
What is the order of processing the jobs using Johnson’s rule for the data given in the following table?Processing Times (Days)Job Machine 1 Machine 2 A 8 12 B 4 9 C 11 7 D 2 6 E 10 5
What happens if you add job F to the above table in Problem 1 which takes 2 days on Machine 1 and 1 day on Machine 2?
Draw a Gantt chart and find the value of make-span (time to complete all jobs) using the sequence A–B–C–D–E for the following problem:Processing Time (Days)Job M1 M2 A 8 6 B 9 4 C 3 7 D 2 6 E 6 5 Use the data given in the following table to answer the next four problems. The table gives the
What is the average number of jobs in the system using the EDD rule?
What is the average tardiness using the FCFS rule?
What is the number of tardy jobs using SPT rule?
What is the average completion time using FCFS rule?
Suppose SPT rule is being used in a “dynamic” scheduling problem. There are four jobs A, B, C, and D ready to be processed at the present time. The processing times for the four jobs are 3, 7, 6, and 2 days, respectively. A new job E will arrive on the 4th day. The processing time for job E is
The due date for a job is day 20.It is finished on day 18.a. What is the lateness of the job?b. What is the tardiness of the job?
Find all optimal sequences for the data given in the following table. (Hint:use Johnson’s rule. There are multiple ties.)Job Operation#1 Operation#2 Machine for Operation#1 Machine for Operation#2 Time for Operation#1 (Days)Time for Operation#2 (Days)A A1 A2 M1 M2 2 3 B B1 B2 M1 M2 5 7 C C1 C2 M1
The Door Knob Company has four orders on hand, and each must be processed in the sequential order:First: Department A—press shop Second: Department B—plating and finishing The following table lists the number of days required for each job in each department. For example, job IV requires one day
The Market Research Store has four orders on hand, and each must be processed in the sequential order:First: Department A—computer analysis Second: Department B—report writing and printing The following table lists the number of days required by each job in each department. For example, job IV
There are six jobs that were named in alphabetical order (A, B, C, D, E, and F) as they arrived in the production department. Processing times for these jobs are given in the following table.a. What is the SPT sequence? What are the total and mean flow times for that sequence?b. What is the
The problem faced by Information Search, Inc. (ISI) has the processing times(in hours) shown below: what is the optimal sequence and what are its total and mean flow times?A B C D E Look up references 4 8 9 4 6 Write report 3 2 5 7 4
Consider the data given in the following table. There are six jobs. As these jobs arrived, they were named in alphabetical order (A, B, C, D, E, and F).The processing times and due dates are also given the following table.Job Processing Time (Days) Due Date (Days)A 5 10 B 4 16 C 6 18 D 9 20 E 12 36
What are the unique attributes of project management? Frame the answer in terms of other P/OM work configurations.
Classify projects by type and describe project life cycles.
Why is a project manager considered a leader?
What is team work and why is team work repeatedly mentioned when discussing good project management?
What is PERT’s relationship to critical-path methods?
What does the forward-pass procedure accomplish in critical-path methods?
What does the backward-pass procedure accomplish in critical-path methods?
What is a critical path and how does knowing it in detail help project managers?
What is slack and how does knowing exactly what it is and where it resides help project managers?
What are the differences between deterministic and probabilistic activity time estimates?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of PERT?
Describe how cost/time trade-off methods can be used given the decision to spend an additional 10% on the project.
Describe project crashing and contrast it to normal time.
What advantages can be gained by using crashing?
What are the dangers of, using crashing?
Consider the following AON network and the data given in the following table to answer the next four questions.a. Identify the critical path.b. Find the earliest completion time of the project.c. Find ES, EF, LS, and LF of each activity.d. Find the slack for each activity. A B E Activity A E G Time
The Delta Company manufactures a full line of cosmetics. A competitor recently developed a new skin rejuvenating cream that appears to be successful and potentially damaging to Delta’s skin care position in the marketplace.The sales manager has asked the operations manager what the shortest
Consider the data given in the following table. The fixed cost is $900 per week. Perform a time-cost tradeoff analysis. What is the minimum cost to complete the project and what is the corresponding time? Immediate Normal Time Crash Time Normal Crash Activity Predecessor (s) (Weeks) (Weeks) Cost
Consider the data given in the following table and answer the questions that follow.a. What is the normal project time?b. Identify the critical path?c. What is the normal cost of the project?d. If the project time is to be reduced by one day, which activity should be crashed first? What is the cost
There are two paths in a network (see below). The length of Path 1 is 30 days and that of Path 2 is 28 days. You are now told that activity F which currently takes 4 days will actually take 3 days more, that is, 7 days. What will be the project duration with this revised time?Path 1:
There are two paths in a network (see below). The length of Path 1 is 30 days and that of Path 2 is 28 days. You are now told that activity D which currently takes 2 days will actually take 3 days more, that is, 5 days. What will be the project duration with this revised time?Path 1:
Suppose the length of critical path in a project is 40 days. There are four activities A, B, C, and D on the critical path. The variances of these activities are: A (1.4), B (1.2), C (0.9), and D (0.4). What is the probability of completing the project within 42 days?
Suppose the length of critical path in a project is 50 days and the standard deviation is 2 days. What due date should be set for the project so that the probability of completing the project is 90%? Round the answer to the nearest higher integer.
Suppose the length of critical path in a project is 35 days. The probability of completing the project within 34 days is:a. Less than 50%b. Greater than 50%c. Equal to 50%d. Cannot be determined from the above data
What is the role of quality in strategic planning within any company?
What is the competitive role of quality externally (in the marketplace)?
Since quality is important in different ways to different providers of services, why do we need to teach what is so obvious?
What is TQM and why is it important for attaining better quality?
Friends have said that TQM means the quickest method. Is that correct?
What are the differences between consumer and producer definitions for quality? Sometimes the consumer is called the buyer and the producer is called the supplier. What are the differences between them?
How does the systems approach apply to the following statement: Quality—like a chain—is betrayed by its weakest link.
Discuss the statement “Although the name TQM may be viewed by some as faddish, the fundamental concept is not.”
What quality dimensions apply to the software industry?
Set down appropriate quality dimensions for buying or designing a hybrid automobile.a. Explain the differences in the systems approach.
What problem exists because quality standards can age?
Explain P/OM’s relationship with market research.
Explain how consistency of conformity translates into low reject rates.
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of quality circles. Are they similar to student cohort work groups?
What are the ways to reduce the cost of detailing?
Explain what the House of Quality does and how it works. (Look up House of Quality in Wikipedia. Follow up on Quality Function Deployment before answering this question.)
What prize competitions exist for quality and why are these prizes given?
After setup in the job shop, the first items made are likely to be defectives. If the order size calls for 125 units, and the expected percent defective for startup is 7%, how many units should be made?
A subassembly of electronic components, called M1, consists of five parts that can fail. Three parts have failure probabilities of 0.03. The other two parts have failure probabilities of 0.02. Each M1 can only be tested after assembly into the parent VCR. It takes a week to get M1 units (the lead
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