Organization Development The Process Of Leading Organizational Change 4th Edition Donald L Anderson - Solutions

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Which of the following is not one of Porter’s generic market strategies?a. Differentiationb. Demand analysisc. Market segmentationd. Cost leadership
All of the following are common tools for analyzing strategies except .a. enterprise resource analysisb. growth share matrixc. Porter’s Five Forces modeld. SWOT analysis
Which of the following is not an internal strategic element?a. Goalsb. Missionc. Marketd. Vision
Which of the following is not one of Porter’s Five Forces?a. Substitutesb. New entrantsc. Governmentd. Buyers
Objectives must be .a. qualitativeb. easily metc. ambitiousd. quantifiable
Strategy does all of the following except .a. identify opportunities matched to company strengthsb. chart the path to exploiting opportunitiesc. align goals and actionsd. create additional jobs for management
Profitability is approximately the product of .a. margin and volumeb. margin and demandc. supply and volumed. price and margin
Which item does not help service providers manage risk?a. Time managementb. Better capital equipmentc. Estimates of market demandd. Cost management
Demand-driven products link .a. a problem and a solutionb. a problem and a capabilityc. supply and demandd. a capability and an application
Supply risk does not include problems of .a. logisticsb. demandc. operationsd. distribution
A technology .a. always leads to new productsb. solves problems without applicationsc. is the same thing as a productd. applies knowledge to develop a capability
Innovators do not include which of the following?a. Entrepreneursb. Service providersc. Risk avoidersd. Product managers
A product links .a. supply and a solutionb. a problem and demandc. a capability and a solutiond. a capability and a problem
Service providers .a. cannot offer products because they offer servicesb. can offer products because they offer independently priced items for a set, fixed feec. can only offer products purchased with servicesd. become manufacturers if they offer products
Supply-driven products link .a. a problem and a solutionb. a capability and demandc. supply and a solutiond. a capability and an application
Which item does not help mitigate execution risk?a. Additional fundsb. Experiencec. Getting team feedbackd. Planning
Demand risk does not include problems of .a. the marketplaceb. studies of people articulating demandc. market sized. manufacturing challenges
When calculating an optimal Pigouvian tax, you set marginal social cost of production equal to marginal social benefit. What assumption does this make about the benefits provided by the government revenue from the tax?B. Describe some of the difficulties that would go into implementing an optimal
Consider the method for finding Nash equilibria detailed in 8.c. Explain whythis method works for finding Nash equilibria. How do we know that a Nashequilibrium found by this method will be guaranteed to be an actual Nash?B. Consider the following version of a game in which each player
Consider the following demand schedule. Using this demand schedule, calculatemarginal revenue for each quantity Q = 2 to 4.P Q1)100 l 90 2 8O 3 7O 4 B. If you ask the average person why companies raise prices, they’ll tell you it’sto make more profit. But when economists study monopolies, we
Marginal revenue MR and marginal cost MC are the additional revenue and cost(respectively) added when the amount produced increases by one. With that inmind, add and fill in MR and MC columns for the table that follows. (Assume that each unit 0—99 has the same MC, and so does each unit 100—199,
The chapter describes how to solve for the effect of a tax on a market. But what about a subsidy? A subsidy is when the government pays the producer or consumer for each unit they produce. Conveniently, you can solve a subsidyjust the same as a negative tax. In the market for vegetables, inverse
In the market for health care, the price P is set by outside forces rather thanbeing negotiated between consumers and producers. Consumers as a whole havea shared marginal value curve M V,which is a function of Q. Producers have ashared marginal cost curve MC, which is a function of Q.a . For some
Provide an intuitive explanation for why goods with very close substitutes havea more elastic demand.B. When we are using a good’s elasticity to label it in some way (elastic, inelastic, luxury, normal, inferior), we are often comparing the elasticity to the number 1(or —1).What’s so special
If someone tried to sell you a dollar for any price above a dollar, you wouldcertainly turn the person down. But at a price of exactly $1, you’d be willing tobuy any number of them, since they’re each worth exactly $1 to you. With this inmind, draw your individual demand curve for dollars.B.
Every day after class, Mr. Dabble’s third grade class must clean the room. Somekids sweep and some kids put things away. Everyone thinks that sweeping ismore fun, and so he lets the best-behaved kids sweep. Is the classroom likelybeing cleaned as fast as possible? Why or why not?Finish the
Andy and Amy are fishing in the same pond this year and next year. There are20 fish in the pond now, and every fish left un-caught after this year will turninto 1.5 fish next year. Assume that, at the end of next year, they will catch anyremaining fish and split them evenly. Assume a fish this year
Streetlights are a public good. Dave receives a marginal benefit of MB = 10 — Qfrom each streetlight, and Gary receives a marginal benefit of MB 2 20 —2Q.The marginal cost of a streetlight is MC = 6.Calculate the market and efficient quantities of streetlights.
For each of the following goods, determine if they are public, private, common, or artificially scarce (club) goods:a . Lighthousesb. Online newspapersc. A shared serve-yourself platter of dinner rolls at a family meal d . Sweaters
Steve and Darryl live together. Steve plays his music way too loud in the momings, waking up Darryl. Steve values the ability to play his music loudly at $50per day, and Darryl values sleeping in at $70 per day. If Steve has the right toplay loud music, explain what would happen if Steve and Darryl
Because of the trash that they tend to produce, soda cans provide a negativeexternality. Inverse demand and supply are P = 40 — Q0 and P = 10 + 2QS.Demand and marginal social benefit are the same, but MSC = 15 + 4Q.a. Graph D, S, MSC, and MSB, noting that S and MSC have different slopes.b. Solve
Consider the market from Question 1.a. Could this extemality problem be solved with: (l) a Pigouvian tax, (2) aPigouvian subsidy, or (3) neither?b. If you selected (1) or (2) in parta, solve for the optimal Pigouvian policy.Vaccinating for contagious diseases provides a positive extemality, since
The production of a certain kind of hot sauce puts spicy capsaicin molecules inthe air, which can cause eye pain and damage to people who live near the factory.Inverse demand and supply for this hot sauce are P = 30 — Q0 and P = 2QS, but each bottle of sauce causes 3 units of damage to others.
Consider the game table:Firm B Lot Little Hi h Price $10m for A $2m for A g $10m forB $15m forB ' Firm A ' Low Price $15m for A $5m for A$2m for B $5m for Ba. Find the Nash equilibrium.b. Explain what the firms will do if they play this game repeatedly, and why.
Use backwards induction to find the Nash equilibrium in the game in Question 6.9 Consider a game in which a Market Leader first decides whether to Lobby for anew law making it more difficult to compete in their market. Then, a New Entrant decides whether to Enter the Market, Stay Out, or Enter a
Use backwards induction to find the Nash equilibrium in the game tree below:New Competitor Enter hAarket AAarket Leader[Dorrt . [Dot Raise Raise . Pnce Prlce Essa £232.? %$1%an)g$8%a)
Consider a game in which Chad has a five-dollar bill that he can keep to himself or give to Raven. If he gives the bill to Raven, then it triples in value to be worth$15. Raven then decides whether to give back $10 to Chad, or give back nothingand keep the entire $15. Draw this game tree.
Consider a game between theater companies Shakes and Bardtron. Each decides which actor to offer the part of Hamlet. If they both approach the same actor, they’ll fight, scaring the actor away and getting 0.If they ask different actors, they get who they ask. There are three actors: John, Mark,
Find the Nash equilibria in the game below in which two oligopoly firms aredeciding whether to produce a lot or a little. The more produced overall, thelower the price will be. But each firm wants to sell as many units as possible.
Consider the game table you drew in Question 1.Solve for the Nash equilibriain this game.
Solve for Nash equilibria in the game below in which Fahad and Jacques will decide whether to drive on the left or the right side of the street.Jacques Left Right Left 100 for F 0 for F 100 for J O for J Fahad Ri ht 0 for F 100 for F g oforJ 100forJ
Draw the game table for a game played between two competing oligopolies, Tape Source and Place for Tape. Each must decide whether to invest in R&D.Any innovation will be easily copied and shared by both. So, if neither invests, then each makes a profit of $40 million. If either or both invests,
Movie theaters charge two different prices for tickets—one for seniors and onefor everyone else. If seniors have lower marginal valuations than everyone else, and the price for seniors is still higher than the efficient level, graph MC (as ahorizontal line), D, PS, CS, and DWL in this market.
Consider the market for online advertising, which is run by a monopolist whohas enough information on consumers that it can engage in perfect (first-degree)price discrimination. If demand for online advertising is P = 60 — 2QD and themarginal cost of producing advertising is MC = .5Q, then
Consider the market for hamburgers, which is a market in monopolistic competition. In this market, one of the producers is Barry’s Burgers. The current demandfunction for each firm in the market is P = 40 — Q0. The marginal cost of producing burgers is MC = 10 + Q and the average cost is AC= 10
Draw a graph of a natural monopoly such that the profit-maximizing quantity isQM= 500.Then, show on the graph what AC would be if the firm instead produced QM= 250.Finally, describe how the comparison of these two quantities shows that the market is more efficiently handled by one firm than by
Consider the market monopolized by Philly Bells in Question 3.Calculate thedeadweight loss generated by the monopoly, relative to efficient production.Consider the market for solar panels, which are produced by a monopoly. Themarginalcost of producing solar panels is MC = 40 + 2Q, and the demand
Billboards are provided in a market run by a monopoly, ClarityStream. Thedemand for billboards is P = 1600 — 20QD.a. Calculate the function for ClarityStream’s marginal revenue.b. Calculate marginal revenue at Q = 10, 20, 30, and 40. 0.Calculate profit-maximizing quantity if MC= l.000.Satellite
Draw a long-run average total cost curve with four short-run average cost curvesnested inside of it. Label the four average cost curves SRAC], SRACZ,SRAC3, and SRAC4, where the higher numbers indicate average cost curves for larger productions. Also, draw a star next to each SRACcurve with
Draw two graphs. On the right, draw a graph of an individual firm’s MC and AC.On the left, draw a supply and demand curve with an equilibrium price such that the individual firm makes a profit. Then, show how these graphs change as themarket approaches the long run.
Draw a graph of an individual competitive firm’s MC, AC, and AVC curves.Label the price at which the firm makes zero profit. Then, label the price regionat which the firm makes a profit, the price region at which the firm makes a lossbut won’t shut down right away, and the price region at which
The market for bowls is competitive. Inverse demand is P = 22 — 2QD and inversesupply is P = 2 + 2Q5. Each firm’s marginal cost is MC = 6Q and average cost isAC= (24/Q) + 3Q.a. Calculate the quantity each firm produces.b. Calculate the profit each firm makes.c. What will happen to the supply
Sandals are produced in a competitive market, and the market price is P = 50.One sandal producer has MC = lOQ and AC= (25/Q) + 5Q. Calculate the firm’sprofit-maximizing quantity and their profit.
Considera firm for whichMC = 4Q, TC= 1.2+ 2Q2, and the market priceisP* = 12.Calculate the profit-maximizing quantity and the firm’s profit. Thenmake a graph with demand, MC, and AC, labeling the price, quantity, and profit.
Draw a graph with MC, AC, AVC, and AFC curves. Draw them such that the firmshuts down in the long run at any price below 10, and shuts down immediately at any price below 8.Label these prices.
Using the total cost function TC = 36 + Q2:a. Calculate the function for AC by dividing TC by Q.b. Calculate the function for AC by calculating AFC and AVC and adding themtogether.c. Calculate the value ofAC at Q = 4, Q = 8, and Q = 12.
Andy is a TV producer figuring the price of producing a certain number of episodes of his TV show. If Q = 0, TC = 10 (all costs are in millions of dollars). If Q =1, TC=12.IfQ = 2, TC=15.IfQ = 3, TC: 19.Fill out a table ofAndy’scosts, with columns for: Q, TC, F C, VC, AC, AVC, AFC, and MC.
In each of the following descriptions, describe the firm’s fixed costs and variablecosts.a. A bookmaker has a lot of large printing presses in a warehouse she rents, andshe buys paper and pays workers to make the books.b. Gerald makes handcrafted wooden chairs. He buys the wood and screws, andhe
In Nigeria, the inverse demand for cashews is P = 20 — QDand the inverse supplyis P = 4 + Q5. In the rest of the world, cashews sell for P = 16.Graph the market for cashews in Nigeria when it has free trade, labeling the world price, exportsQ0, Q5, CS, and PS.Consider Nigeria in question 9,
In an attempt to reduce the ability of bacteria to become immune to antibiotics, the government has imposed a quota on antibiotic production below the equilibrium quantity, giving out a small number of licences to make antibiotics. Graphthe market for antibiotics with this quota imposed, labeling
In the market for headphones, inverse demand is P = 90 — QDand inverse supplyis P = 15+ 2QS. In a bid to prevent hearing loss, the government imposes a tax of T per unit. Calculate how much more consumers pay for headphones (PD —P*)and how much more producers pay for headphones (P* — PS) at
Consider the tax levied in Question 3.a. Calculate the tax incidence using PDand PSfrom Question 3.b. Who pays a larger share of the tax: consumers or producers?c. Use demand and supply elasticity to check your answer to b
In the market for statues, inverse demand is P = 250 — 3QD and inverse supply isP = 50 + 2QS. The government implements a tax of T: 10.Calculate the actual quantity traded, the price paid PD, the price received PS, and the deadweight loss.
Fighting obesity, the government has put a tax on cake of $3 per cake. Inthe market for cake, inverse demand is P = 36 — ZQD and inverse supply isP = 6 + Q5. Graph the market with the tax, calculating and labeling actual quan—tity, the price paid PD, and the price received P5. Shade and label
Consider the market for flowers. Inverse demand is P = 50 — QD and inverse supply is P = 10 + Q5. Out of a concern for the well-being of flower growers, thegovernment implements a price floor of p = 40.Graph the market for flowerswith the floor, labeling the equilibrium pflce and quantity as well
In the market for MP3 players, inverse demand is P = 400 — ZQD and inversesupply is P = 100 + Q5. However, the government has decided that it’s veryimportant that MP3 players have a price of P = 150 exactly.a. In this market, does this price restriction act like a price ceiling or a
In the market for apples, inverse demand is P = 80 — 3QD and inverse supply isP = 20 + Q5. However, due to a quota on the production of apples, the actual number of apples produced is 20.Graph this market, labeling all relevant values, and shade deadweight loss.
In the cereal market described in Question 8, inverse demand is given byP = 30 — 2QD and inverse supply is given by P = Q5. If QT = 8, then calculateP1, P2, and deadweight loss.
A pair of sunglasses will typically cost Krista $100, but she has two coupons(which must be used on different pairs): one for $60 off and another for $20 off.The first pair she buys will bring her $200 of value, the second will bring her$150, the third $100, and the fourth $50.a. Calculate the
In the market for water bottles, market demand is P = 90 — 3QD. Two of theconsumers in this market are Leslie, who values a water bottle at 30, and Steve, who values a water bottle at 15.The price of water bottles is at first 20, and thendrops to 10.Graph consumer surplus before and after the
In the market for razors, the demand curve is given by P = 44 — 2QD. If thegoing price of razors is 20, then calculate the consumer surplus in the market for razors. Rudy is one consumer in this market. He only buys one razor and placesa marginal value of 22 on it. Calculate Rudy’s consumer
Using the set of supply and demand curves below, draw a marginal cost andmarginal value table at the quantities of 6, 7, and 8.
Consider Susan from Question 1..The going sale price for a pizza is $17.a. Draw Susan’s supply curve with the producer surplus shaded inb. Calculate her producer surplus.
Dean likes to attend rock shows and also likes to spend time at home watchingTV. He receives $0 in total value from 0 rock shows, $100 from one rock show,$175 from two rock shows, and $185 from three. Calculate his marginal values and draw his demand curve.
Susan makes pizzas in a small cart that she pushes around town. But she runs out of space in that cart pretty quickly, so her costs ramp up fast. Her total cost for making zero pizzas is $0, one pizza is $10, two pizzas is $25, and three pizzas is$45. Calculate her marginal costs and draw her
You work in the glass bauble industry, where the equilibrium price and quantityare currently P* = 1 and Q* = 10.You know that, soon, due to a glass shortage, supply will be shifting to the left. Your market research division scramblesto figure out whether demand is relatively elastic or relatively
The graph below depicts five different demand curves all going through the samepoint. Label them D1 through D5, with D1 as the perfectly elastic curve, andgetting more inelastic from there.Price“Qua ntity
Frank’s consumption of coffee just increased from 1 cup per day to 3.You thenlearn the cause for this change, which is one of the reasons listed in a—e below.For a—b,calculate Frank’s income elasticity of demand for coffee and determinewhether coffee is an inferior, normal, or luxury good;
Calculate the price elasticity of demand for each of these demand curves at QD= 4 and again at QD= 8:a. P = 40 — 2QDb. P = 24 — QDc. P = 10 — QDd. P = 25 — 3QDe. P=120—10QDf. Is there a pattern about whether demand is more elastic at QD= 4 or QD= 8?
The market for rubber bands was in equilibrium at P* = 12 and Q* = 36.Then, the government put a price restriction into place, pushing the price up to P = 18.As a result, quantity supplied became Q5 = 48 and quantity demanded becameQD= 12.a. Calculate the elasticity of supply. Is supply elastic or
The price of a photo frame just jumped from P= 4 to P= 6.Calculate the elastic—ity of demand for each of the following people:Niall went from QD= 6 to Q0 = 4.John went from QD= 12 to QD= 6.Daron went from QD= 40 to Q0 = 30.Helen went from QD= 3 to Q0 = 1.{DP-9.0"?” Jean went from QQ= 5 to QD= 3.
Choose either the standard method or the midpoint method. Then, calculate thepercentage change from A to B in each of the following cases:FromQA=4to QB=6 From PA= 10 to PB= 20 From QA= 9 to Q3: 15 From PA= 15 to PB= 9 From QA= 102 to QB= 100 FromPA=4toPB=1 woe???
Find the market equilibrium price and quantity for each of the following sets of supply and demand curves:P=20—QD,P=2+2QS QD=120—2P, QS=4O+2P P=77—2QD,P=11+Q5 P=70— 1.5QD,P=20+.5QS P = 10 + 2Q?, P = 70 — Q? (Which one is supply and which one is demand?) 9999‘?”In the market for
Graph the following supply and demand curves, being careful to find and label the y-intercepts, and the x-intercept for demand. Calculate and label the market equilibrium price and quantity. Inverse supply is P = 3 + Q5 and inverse demandis P = 18 — 2QD.
Anne (supply given by Question 1) sells her patio chairs to Case, who values hisfirst chair at $60, the second at $30, and the third at $10. Calculate surplus or shortage if the price is P = $35, and then find equilibrium price and quantity.
For each of the following, determine whether supply or demand (or both, or neither) will shift, what direction each shift will be, and whether equilibriumquantity and price will rise, fall, stay the same, or change in an unknown direction:a. (Market for used GameBoxes) The new GB2 video game
For each of the following scenarios, determine whether supply or demand (or both, or neither) will shift as a result, and what the direction of each shift will be:a. (Market for cars) Sheet metal gets more expensive.b. (Market for tourism in New Zealand) A major movie is filmed in NewZealand,
Draw the supply and demand curves for soap on the same set of axes. Label thecurves to show that: at a price of P = 4, you will see Q5 = 8 and Q0 = 2, and at aprice ofP = 1, you will see Q5 = 2 and QD = 10.
Kate values her first ice cream cone at $6, her second at $4, and her third at $2.Mike values his first cone at $4 and his second at $2. Penelope values her first three cones at $6 and her fourth at $0. Draw their aggregate demand scheduleat the prices P = $2, $4, and $6. Then, draw a generic
Patch has a demand curve for books that can be described by the functionQD = 1.6 — 2P. Draw Patch’s demand schedule at the prices P = 1, 2, 3, and 4.Then, draw Patch’s demand curve using the function given (not the schedule).
Anne likes to make patio chairs out of wood in her spare time. Her marginal cost of making the first chair is $10, the second chair is $30, and the third chair is $40.Draw Anne’s supply schedule for patio chairs, and draw her supply curve.
Every spring, a bunch of temporary migrants who aregreat at harvesting cacao, but useless at coffee, move to Bayo (PPF2). Everysummer, they are joined by more temporary migrants who are good at everything (PPF3). Draw PPF 1, PPF2, and PPF3 on the same axes.12 The country of Agasta produces clocks
Belly Steaks is a large restaurant.In an hour, they can produce 300 plates of foodor 150 desserts. Tooth Sweets is a bakery. In an hour, they can produce 50 platesof food or 100 desserts. Draw their shared PPF with dessert on the x-axis. Label the x- and y-intercepts and the kink.8 In a year, the
Take Sam and Amy from Question 1 above. Graph their shared production possibility frontier if they have 10 minutes of time available. You may find it helpful to do Question 4 first.
Dingo the Clown is planning his six-minute stage act. He is trying to divide histime between jokes and magic tricks. Each joke takes 30 seconds to tell, andeach magic trick takes two minutes. Draw Dingo’s production possibilities frontier. (Draw it as a straight line.)
It takes Ted 20 minutes to wax a car, or 60 minutes to wash one. It takes Tom 15minutes to wax a car, or 30 minutes to wash one. What is each man’s opportunitycost of washing a car, and who has the comparative advantage in washing cars?4. Take Sam and Amy from Question 1.above. Graph their
Daphne can solve two mysteries per week, or write six news articles. Velma cansolve four mysteries per week, or write eight news articles. For each, calculatethe opportunity cost of solving one mystery, and determine who has the comparative advantage in solving mysteries.
In one minute, Sam can type 120 words or read 2 pages. In one minute, Amy cantype 80 words or read 4 pages. For each, calculate the opportunity cost of readingone page, and determine who has the comparative advantage in reading pages.
How do the opportunities you have identified illustrate the values and ethical beliefs of organization development identified in this chapter?
What organizational, team, and individual problems can you identify? What opportunities for organization development work do you see?

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Organization Development The Process Of Leading Organizational Change 4th Edition Donald L Anderson - Solutions

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