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statistical sampling to auditing
Principles Of Statistics For Engineers And Scientists 2nd International Edition William Navidi - Solutions
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a paired hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means. Some of the numbers are missing. Fill them in.Paired T for X − Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 7 12.4141 2.9235 (a)Y 7 8.3476 (b) 1.0764 Difference 7 (c) 3.16758
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a paired hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means.Paired T for X − Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 12 134.233 68.376 19.739 Y 12 100.601 94.583 27.304 Difference 12 33.6316 59.5113 17.1794 95% lower bound for
The article “Effect of Granular Subbase Thickness on Airfield Pavement Structural Response” (K.Gopalakrishnan and M. Thompson, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2008:331–342) presents a study of the effect of the subbase thickness (in mm)on the amount of surface deflection caused by
The compressive strength, in kilopascals, was measured for concrete blocks from five different batches of concrete, both three and six days after pouring. The data are presented in the following table.Batch 12345 After 3 days 1341 1316 1352 1355 1327 After 6 days 1376 1373 1366 1384 1358 Can you
A group of eight individuals with high cholesterol levels were given a new drug that was designed to lower cholesterol levels. Cholesterol levels, in mg/dL, were measured before and after treatment for each individual, with the following results:Subject Before After 1 283 215 2 299 206 3 274 187 4
In an experiment to determine whether there is a systematic difference between the weights obtained with two different scales, 10 rock specimens were weighed, in grams, on each scale. The following data were obtained:Weight on Weight on Specimen Scale 1 Scale 2 1 11.23 11.27 2 14.36 14.41 3 8.33
In an experiment to determine the effect of ambient temperature on the emissions of oxides of nitrogen(NOx) of diesel trucks, 10 trucks were run at temperatures of 40◦F and 80◦F. The emissions, in ppm, are presented in the following table.Can you conclude that the mean emissions differ between
The article “Improved Bioequivalence Assessment of Topical Dermatological Drug Products Using Dermatopharmacokinetics” (B. N’Dri-Stempfer, W.Navidi, R. Guy, and A. Bunge, Pharmaceutical Research, 2009:316–328) described a study comparing the amounts of econozole nitrate absorbed into human
The article “Prediction of Performance and Evaluation of Flexible Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies”(K. Lee, K. Wilson, and S. Hassan, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2017:178–184) describes methods used to rehabilitate Route 165 in the town of Exeter, Rhode Island. The
An automobile manufacturer wishes to compare the lifetimes of two brands of tire. She obtains samples of six tires of each brand. On each of six cars, she mounts one tire of each brand on each front wheel.The cars are driven until only 20% of the original tread remains. The distances, in miles, for
Refer to Exercise 7. In a separate experiment, 18 cars were outfitted with tires with tread type A, and another 18 were outfitted with tires with tread type B.Each car was driven 1000 miles. The cars with tread type A averaged 23.93 mpg, with a standard deviation of 1.79 mpg. The cars with tread
A tire manufacturer is interested in testing the fuel economy for two different tread patterns. Tires of each tread type are driven for 1000 miles on each of 18 different cars. The mileages, in mpg, are presented in the following table.Car Tread A Tread B 1 24.1 20.3 2 22.3 19.7 3 24.5 22.5 4 26.1
The article “Effect of Refrigeration on the Potassium Bitartrate Stability and Composition of Italian Wines”(A. Versari, D. Barbanti, et al., Italian Journal of Food Science, 2002:45–52) reports a study in which eight types of white wine had their tartaric acid concentration (in g/L) measured
A group of five individuals with high blood pressure were given a new drug that was designed to lower blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure (in mmHg)was measured before and after treatment for each individual, with the following results:Subject Before After 1 170 145 2 164 132 3 168 129 4 158 135
Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is a measure of the rate that water crosses the skin through diffusion and evaporation. In general, damaged skin has a higher TEWL than nondamaged skin. A report submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Therapeutic Equivalence of Topical Products, A.
Breathing rates, in breaths per minute, were measured for a group of 10 subjects at rest, and then during moderate exercise. The results were as follows:Subject Rest Exercise 1 15 30 2 16 37 3 21 39 4 17 37 5 18 40 6 15 39 7 19 34 8 21 40 9 18 38 10 14 34 Find a 95% confidence interval for the
In a study to compare the absorption rates of two antifungal ointments (labeled “A” and “B”), equal amounts of the two drugs were applied to the skin of 14 volunteers. After 6 hours, the amounts absorbed into the skin in (????g∕cm2) were measured. The results are presented in the
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means. Some of the numbers are missing. Fill them in.Two-sample T for X vs Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 6 1.755 0.482 (a)Y 13 3.239 (b) 0.094 Difference = mu (X) − mu
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means.Two-sample T for X vs Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 10 39.31 8.71 2.8 Y 10 29.12 4.79 1.5 Difference = mu (X) − mu (Y)Estimate for difference: 10.1974 95% lower bound
A real estate agent in a certain city claims that apartment rents are rising faster on the east side of town than on the west. To test this claim, rents in a sample of 12 apartments on the east side of town were found to have increased by a mean of $50 per month since last year, with a standard
A new post-surgical treatment was compared with a standard treatment. Seven subjects received the new treatment, while seven others (the controls) received the standard treatment. The recovery times, in days, are given below.Treatment: 12 13 15 19 20 21 24 Control: 18 23 24 30 32 35 39 Can you
The article “Time Series Analysis for Construction Productivity Experiments” (T. Abdelhamid and J.Everett, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 1999:87–95) presents a study comparing the effectiveness of a video system that allows a crane operator to see the lifting point while
It is thought that a new process for producing a certain chemical may be cheaper than the currently used process. Each process was run 6 times, and the cost of producing 100 L of the chemical was determined each time. The results, in dollars, were as follows:New Process: 51 52 55 53 54 53 Old
The article “Predicting Depressed Patients with Suicidal Ideation from ECG Recordings” (A.Khandoker, V. Luthra, et al., Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 2017:793–805) reports a study in which systolic blood pressure (in mmHg) was measured for 16 patients suffering from
The article “Wind-Uplift Capacity of Residential Wood Roof-Sheathing Panels Retrofitted with Insulating Foam Adhesive” (P. Datin, D. Prevatt, and W. Pang, Journal of Architectural Engineering, 2011:144–154) presents a study of the failure pressures of roof panels. A sample of 15 panels
The Mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus) is used in reforestation efforts in southeastern Spain. The article“Nutrient Deprivation Improves Field Performance of Woody Seedlings in a Degraded Semi-arid Shrubland” (R. Trubata, J. Cortina, and A. Vilagrosaa, Ecological Engineering,
In a study of the relationship of the shape of a tablet to its dissolution time, 6 disk-shaped ibuprofen tablets and 8 oval-shaped ibuprofen tablets were dissolved in water. The dissolve times, in seconds, were as follows:Disk: 269.0 249.3 255.2 252.7 247.0 261.6 Oval: 268.8 260.0 273.5 253.9 278.5
A computer scientist is studying the tendency for a computers running a certain operating system to run more slowly as the operating system ages. She measures the time (in seconds) for a certain application to load for nine computers one month after installation and for seven computers six months
Assume that five independent measurements were made on each type of polymer. Find a 95% confidence interval for the increase in bactericidal efficiency of the methylated polymer.
In the article “Bactericidal Properties of Flat Surfaces and Nanoparticles Derivatized with Alkylated Polyethylenimines” (J. Lin, S. Qiu, et al., Biotechnology Progress, 2002:1082–1086), experiments were described in which alkylated polyethylenimines were attached to surfaces and to
During the spring of 1999, many fuel storage facilities in Serbia were destroyed by bombing. As a result, significant quantities of oil products were spilled and burned, resulting in soil pollution. The article “Mobility of Heavy Metals Originating from Bombing of Industrial Sites” (B. Skrbi
A new post-surgical treatment is being compared with a standard treatment. Seven subjects receive the new treatment, while seven others (the controls) receive the standard treatment. The recovery times, in days, are given below.Treatment: 12 13 15 19 20 21 24 Control: 18 23 24 30 32 35 39 Find a
In an experiment involving the breaking strength of a certain type of thread used in personal flotation devices, one batch of thread was subjected to a heat treatment for 60 seconds and another batch was treated for 120 seconds. The breaking strengths (in N) of ten threads in each batch were
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference p1 − p2 between two population proportions. Some of the numbers are missing. Fill them in.Test and CI for Two Proportions Sample X N Sample p 1 101 153 (a)2 (b) 90 0.544444 Difference = p (1) − p
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference p1 − p2 between two population proportions.Test and CI for Two Proportions Sample X N Sample p 1 41 97 0.422680 2 37 61 0.606557 Difference = p (1) − p (2)Estimate for difference: −0.183877 95% CI for
In a certain year, there were 80 days with measurable snowfall in Denver and 63 days with measurable snowfall in Chicago. A meteorologist computes(80 + 1)∕(365 + 2) = 0.22, (63 + 1)∕(365 + 2) =0.17, and he proposes to compute a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the proportions
In a random sample of 280 cars driven at sea level, 38 of them produced more than 10 g of particulate pollution per gallon of fuel consumed. In a random sample of 77 cars driven at a higher elevation, 18 of them produced more than 10 g of particulate pollution per gallon of fuel consumed. Can you
The article “HIV-positive Smokers Considering Quitting: Differences by Race/Ethnicity” (E. LloydRichardson, C. Stanton, et al., American Journal of Health Behavior, 2008:3–15) reported that in a group of 230 European-American HIV-positive smokers, 102 of them had used a nicotine patch to try
In a clinical trial to study the effectiveness of a new pain reliever, a sample of 250 patients was given the new drug, and an independent sample of 100 patients was given a placebo. Of the patients given the new drug, 186 reported substantial relief, and of the patients given the placebo, 56
Angioplasty is a medical procedure in which an obstructed blood vessel is widened. In some cases, a wire mesh tube, called a stent, is placed in the vessel to help it remain open. The article “Long-term Outcomes of Patients Receiving Drug-eluting Stents” (A.Philpott, D. Southern, et al.,
A group of 50 computer science students were taught introductory computer programming class with an innovative teaching method that used a graphical interface and drag-and-drop methods of creating computer programs. At the end of the class, 43 of these students said that they felt confident in
The article “Leachate from Land Disposal Residential Construction Waste” (W. Weber, Y. Jang et al., Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2002:237–245)describes an experiment in which a total of 42 leachate specimens were tested for the presence of several contaminants. Of the 42 specimens,
A mail order company is investigating the potential advantages of using a new heavy-duty packaging material. They shipped 1000 orders in the new packaging and another 1000 orders in the regular light packaging. Of the orders shipped in the regular packaging, 32 were damaged in shipment, and of the
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means. Some of the numbers are missing.Two-sample T for X vs Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 78 23.3 (i) 1.26 Y 63 20.63 3.02 (ii)Difference = mu (X) − mu (Y)Estimate for
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a hypothesis test for the difference ????X − ????Y between two population means:Two-sample T for X vs Y N Mean StDev SE Mean X 135 3.94 2.65 0.23 Y 180 4.43 2.38 0.18 Difference = mu (X) − mu (Y)Estimate for difference: −0.484442 95% upper
Two methods are being considered for a paint manufacturing process, in an attempt to increase production. In a random sample of 100 days, the mean daily production using the first method was 625 tons with a standard deviation of 40 tons. In a random sample of 64 days, the mean daily production
In a study of the relationship of the shape of a tablet to its dissolution time, 36 disk-shaped ibuprofen tablets and 48 oval-shaped ibuprofen tablets were dissolved in water. The dissolution times for the disk-shaped tablets averaged 258 seconds with a standard deviation of 12 seconds, and the
The article “Capillary Leak Syndrome in Children with C4A-Deficiency Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Double-Blind, Randomised Controlled Study” (S. Zhang, S. Wang, et al., Lancet, 2005:556–562) presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of giving blood
The article “Utility of Pretest Probability and Exercise Treadmill Test in Korean Women with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease” (Y. Kim, W. Shim, et al., Journal of Women’s Health, 2015:617–622) presents a study of health outcomes in women with symptoms of heart disease. In a sample of 110
In experiments to determine the effectiveness of drugs such as anti-fungal ointments that are applied to the skin, the concentration of the drug in a patient’s skin must be measured. The article “Determining Bioequivalence of Topical Dermatological Drug Products by Tape-Stripping” (W. Navidi,
A sample of 45 room air conditioners of a certain model had a mean sound pressure of 52 decibels (dB)and a standard deviation of 5 dB, and a sample of 60 air conditioners of a different model had a mean sound pressure of 46 dB and a standard deviation of 2 dB.Find a 98% confidence interval for the
The melting points of two alloys are being compared.Thirty-five specimens of alloy 1 were melted. The average melting temperature was 517.0◦F and the standard deviation was 2.4◦F. Forty-seven specimens of alloy 2 were melted. The average melting temperature was 510.1◦F and the standard
The article “Some Parameters of the Population Biology of Spotted Flounder (Ciutharus linguatula Linnaeus, 1758) in Edremit Bay (North Aegean Sea)”(D. Turker, B. Bayhan, et al., ¨ Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 2005:1013–1018)reports that a sample of 87 one-year-old
Deforestation is a serious problem throughout much of India. The article “Factors Influencing People’s Participation in Forest Management in India”(W. Lise, Ecological Economics, 2000:379–392) discusses the social forces that influence forest management policies in three Indian states:
Anthropologists can estimate the birthrate of an ancient society by studying the age distribution of skeletons found in ancient cemeteries. The numbers of skeletons found at two such sites, as reported in the article “Paleoanthropological Traces of a Neolithic Demographic Transition” (J.
The article “Valuing Watershed Quality Improvements Using Conjoint Analysis” (S. Farber and B.Griner, Ecological Economics, 2000:63–76) presents the results of a mail survey designed to assess opinions on the value of improvement efforts in an acidmine degraded watershed in Western
Refer to Exercise 6. The process engineer notices that the sample from line 3 has the lowest proportion of failures. Use the Bonferroni adjustment to determine whether she can conclude that the population proportion of failures on line 3 is less than 0.10.
Electric motors are assembled on four different production lines. Random samples of motors are taken from each line and inspected. The number that pass and that fail the inspection are counted for each line, with the following results:Line 1234 Pass 482 467 458 404 Fail 57 59 37 47 Can you conclude
A machine manufactures bolts that are supposed to be 3 inches in length. Each day a quality engineer selects a random sample of 50 bolts from the day’s production, measures their lengths, and performs a hypothesis test of H0 : ???? = 3 versus H1 : ???? ≠ 3, where???? is the mean length of all
The mean drying time of a certain paint in a certain application is 12 minutes. A new additive will be tested to see if it reduces the drying time. One hundred specimens will be painted, and the sample mean drying time X will be computed. Assume the population standard deviation of drying times is
A new braking system is being evaluated for a certain type of car. The braking system will be installed if it can be conclusively demonstrated that the stopping distance under certain controlled conditions at a speed of 30 mph is less than 90 ft. It is known that under these conditions the standard
Are answer keys to multiple-choice tests generated randomly, or are they constructed to make it less likely for the same answer to occur twice in a row? This question was addressed in the article “Seek Whence:Answer Sequences and Their Consequences in KeyBalanced Multiple-Choice Tests” (M.
Specifications call for the mean tensile strength ???? of paper used in a certain packaging application to be greater than 50 psi. A new type of paper is being considered for this application. The tensile strength is measured for a sample of 110 specimens of this paper.The mean strength was 51.2
Each day for 200 days, a quality engineer samples 144 fuses rated at 15 A and measures the amperage at which they burn out. He performs a hypothesis test of H0 : ???? = 15 versus H1 : ???? ≠ 15, where ???? is the mean burnout amperage of the fuses manufactured that day.a. On 10 of the 200 days,
Five new paint additives have been tested to see if any of them can reduce the mean drying time from the current value of 12 minutes. Ten specimens have been painted with each of the new types of paint, and the drying times (in minutes) have been measured. The results are as follows:Additive ABCDE
Twenty formulations of a coating are being tested to see if any of them reduce gear wear. For the Bonferroniadjusted P-value for a formulation to be 0.05, what must the original P-value be?
Five different variations of a bolt-making process are run to see if any of them can increase the mean breaking strength of the bolts over that of the current process. The P-values are 0.13, 0.34, 0.03, 0.28, and 0.38.Of the following choices, which is the best thing to do next?i. Implement the
Six different settings are tried on a machine to see if any of them will reduce the proportion of defective parts. For each setting, an appropriate null hypothesis is tested to see if the proportion of defective parts has been reduced. The six P-values are 0.34, 0.27, 0.002, 0.45, 0.03, and 0.19.a.
The P-value for fertilizer C was 0.03. Use the Bonferroni correction to produce a reliable P-value for this fertilizer. Can you reject H0?
An agricultural scientist tests six types of fertilizer, labeled A, B, C, D, E, and F, to determine whether any of them produces an increase in the yield of lima beans over that obtained with the current fertilizer. For fertilizer C, the increase in yield is statistically significant at the 0.05
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a power calculation for a test of the difference between two means ????1 − ????2.Power and Sample Size 2-Sample t Test Testing mean 1 = mean 2 (versus not =)Calculating power for mean 1 = mean 2 + difference Alpha = 0.05 Assumed standard
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a power calculation for a test concerning a population mean �Power and Sample Size 1-Sample t Test Testing mean = null (versus > null)Calculating power for mean = null + difference Alpha = 0.05 Assumed standard deviation = 1.5 Sample Target
The following MINITAB output presents the results of a power calculation for a test concerning a population proportion p.Power and Sample Size Test for One Proportion Testing proportion = 0.5(versus not = 0.5)Alpha = 0.05 Alternative Sample Proportion Size Power 0.4 150 0.691332a. Is the power
Water quality in a large estuary is being monitored in order to measure the PCB concentration (in parts per billion).a. If the population mean is 1.6 ppb and the population standard deviation is 0.33 ppb, what is the probability that the null hypothesis H0 : ???? ≤ 1.50 is rejected at the 5%
A tire company claims that the lifetimes of its tires average 50,000 miles. The standard deviation of tire lifetimes is known to be 5000 miles. You sample 100 tires and will test the hypothesis that the mean tire lifetime is at least 50,000 miles against the alternative that it is less. Assume, in
A process that manufactures glass sheets is supposed to be calibrated so that the mean thickness ???? of the sheets is more than 4 mm. The standard deviation of the sheet thicknesses is known to be well approximated by ???? = 0.20 mm. Thicknesses of each sheet in a sample of sheets will be
A power calculation has shown that if ???? = 10, the power of a test of H0 : ???? ≤ 8 versus H1 : ???? > 8 is 0.80.If instead ???? = 12, which one of the following statements is true?i. The power of the test will be less than 0.80.ii. The power of the test will be greater than 0.80.iii. We cannot
If the sample size remains the same, and the level ????increases, then the power will . Options:increase, decrease.
A test has power 0.90 when ???? = 7.5. True or false:a. The probability of rejecting H0 when ???? = 7.5 is 0.90.b. The probability of making a type I error when???? = 7.5 is 0.90.c. The probability of making a type I error when???? = 7.5 is 0.10.d. The probability of making a type II error when????
A test has power 0.85 when ???? = 10. True or false:a. The probability of rejecting H0 when ???? = 10 is 0.85.b. The probability of making a correct decision when???? = 10 is 0.85.c. The probability of making a correct decision when???? = 10 is 0.15.d. The probability that H0 is true when ???? = 10
A coin has probability p of landing heads when tossed.A test will be made of the hypotheses H0 : p ≤ 0.1 versus H1 : p > 0.1, as follows. The coin will be tossed once. If it comes up heads, H0 will be rejected. If it comes up tails, H0 will not be rejected.a. If the true value of p is 0.1, what
The rejection region for a 5% level test of H0 : ???? ≥ 10 versus H1 : ???? < 10 is X < 7.9. Find the rejection region for a 1% level test.
Let ???? denote the mean yield strength of a certain type of steel bar, in units of mPa. A test will be made of H0 : ???? ≤ 250 versus H1 : ???? > 250. Three rejection regions are considered: (i) X > 258.4, (ii) X > 261.9, and (iii) X > 256.5. The levels of the tests are 0.10, 0.05, and 0.01.
A machine that grinds valves is set to produce valves whose lengths have mean 100 mm and standard deviation 0.1 mm. The machine is moved to a new location. It is thought that the move may have upset the calibration for the mean length but that it is unlikely to have changed the standard deviation.
Scores on a certain IQ test are known to have a mean of 100. A random sample of 60 students attend a series of coaching classes before taking the test. Let ????be the population mean IQ score that would occur if every student took the coaching classes. The classes are successful if ???? > 100. A
A test is made of the hypotheses H0 : ???? = 10 versus H1 : ???? ≠ 10.a. Assume that the scale is in calibration, but the conclusion is reached that the scale is not in calibration. Which type of error is this?b. Assume that the scale is not in calibration. Is it possible to make a type I error?
It is desired to check the calibration of a scale by weighing a standard 10-gram weight 100 times. Let???? be the population mean reading on the scale, so that the scale is in calibration if ???? = 10 and out of calibration if ???? ≠
A wastewater treatment program is designed to produce treated water with a pH of 7. Let ???? represent the mean pH of water treated by this process. The pH of 60 water specimens will be measured, and a test of the hypotheses H0 : ???? = 7 versus H1 : ???? ≠ 7 will be made. Assume it is known from
The manufacturer of a heavy-duty cooling fan claims that the mean lifetime of these fans under severe conditions is greater than 6 months. Let ???? represent the actual mean lifetime of these fans. A test was made of the hypotheses H0 : ???? ≥ 6 versus H1 : ???? < 6. For each of the following
A hypothesis test is to be performed, and the null hypothesis will be rejected if P ≤ 0.05. If H0 is in fact true, what is the maximum probability that it will be rejected?
Washers used in a certain application are supposed to have a thickness of 2 millimeters. A quality control engineer measures the thicknesses for a sample of washers and tests H0 : ???? = 2 versus H1 : ???? ≠ 2.a. If a type I error is made, what conclusion will be drawn regarding the mean washer
A company that manufactures steel wires guarantees that the mean breaking strength (in kN) of the wires is greater than 50.They measure the strengths for a sample of wires and test H0 : ???? ≤ 50 versus H1 : ???? > 50.a. If a type I error is made, what conclusion will be drawn regarding the mean
A new coal liquefaction process is supposed to increase the mean yield ???? of distillate fuel. The new process is very expensive, so it would be a costly error to put it into production unless ???? > 20. A test of H0 : ???? ≤ 20 versus H1 : ???? > 20 will be performed, and the new process will
A test is made of the hypotheses H0 : ???? ≥ 10 versus H1 : ???? < 10. For each of the following situations, determine whether the decision was correct, a type I error occurred, or a type II error occurred.a. ???? = 12, H0 is rejected.b. ???? = 10, H0 is not rejected.c. ???? = 6, H0 is not
A hypothesis test is performed, and the P-value is 0.07. True or false:a. H0 is rejected at the 5% level.b. H0 is not rejected at the 2% level.c. H0 is rejected at the 10% level.
At a certain genetic locus on a chromosome, each individual has one of three different DNA sequences(alleles). The three alleles are denoted A, B, C. At another genetic locus on the same chromosome, each organism has one of three alleles, denoted 1, 2, 3. Each individual therefore has one of nine
The article “Analysis of Unwanted Fire Alarm: Case Study” (W. Chow, N. Fong, and C. Ho, Journal of Architectural Engineering, 1999:62–65) presents a count of the number of false alarms at several sites.The numbers of false alarms each month, divided into those with known causes and those with
The article “Determination of Carboxyhemoglobin Levels and Health Effects on Officers Working at the Istanbul Bosphorus Bridge” (G. Kocasoy and H.Yalin, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 2004:1129–1139) presents assessments of health outcomes of people working in an environment
Plates are evaluated according to their surface finish and placed into four categories: premium, conforming, downgraded, and unacceptable. A quality engineer claims that the proportions of plates in the four categories are 10%, 70%, 15%, and 5%, respectively.In a sample of 200 plates, 19 were
Because of printer failure, none of the observed values in the following table were printed, but some of the marginal totals were. Is it possible to construct the corresponding table of expected values from the information given? If so, construct it. If not, describe the additional information you
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