New Semester
Started
Get
50% OFF
Study Help!
--h --m --s
Claim Now
Question Answers
Textbooks
Find textbooks, questions and answers
Oops, something went wrong!
Change your search query and then try again
S
Books
FREE
Study Help
Expert Questions
Accounting
General Management
Mathematics
Finance
Organizational Behaviour
Law
Physics
Operating System
Management Leadership
Sociology
Programming
Marketing
Database
Computer Network
Economics
Textbooks Solutions
Accounting
Managerial Accounting
Management Leadership
Cost Accounting
Statistics
Business Law
Corporate Finance
Finance
Economics
Auditing
Tutors
Online Tutors
Find a Tutor
Hire a Tutor
Become a Tutor
AI Tutor
AI Study Planner
NEW
Sell Books
Search
Search
Sign In
Register
study help
business
statistics alive
Understandable Statistics Concepts And Methods 13th Edition Charles Henry Brase, Corrinne Pellillo Brase - Solutions
Basic Computation: Addition Rule Given P(A) 5 0.7 and P(B) 5 0.4:(a) Can events A and B be mutually exclusive?Explain.(b) If P(A and B) 5 0.2, compute P(A or B).AppendixLO1
Basic Computation: Addition Rule Given P(A) 5 0.3 and P(B) 5 0.4:(a) If A and B are mutually exclusive events, compute P(A or B).(b) If P(A and B) 5 0.1, compute P(A or B).AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy Suppose that A and B are complementary events and you know that P(A) 5 0.4, what is the value of P(B)?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy Let A = the event someone tested positive for a virus and B = the event someone has the virus. What is the contextual difference between P(A | B) and P(A and B)?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy Let A 5 the event someone is a first-year student and B 5 the event that someone is a business major. What is the contextual difference between P(A or B) and P(A and B)?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy If two events A and B are independent and you know that P(A) 5 0.3, what is the value of P(A | B)?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy If two events are mutually exclusive, can they occur concurrently? Explain.AppendixLO1
Compute conditional probabilities using survey results.AppendixLO1
Compute probabilities involving independent or mutually exclusive events.AppendixLO1
Compute probabilities of general compound events.AppendixLO1
YouTube: Viewership Alina is a YouTube broadcaster who posted a new video on their channel. Yesterday, Alina noticed 213 people watched the video, 72 viewers posted a “like” on the video. Of the 72, only 51 subscribed to the channel.(a) Estimate the probability that a person who watched the
Business: Customers John runs a computer software store. Yesterday he counted 127 people who walked by his store, 58 of whom came into the store. Of the 58, only 25 bought something in the store.(a) Estimate the probability that a person who walks by the store will enter the store.(b) Estimate the
Expand Your Knowledge: Odds Against Betting odds are usually stated against the event happening(against winning).The odds against event W are the ratio P not W P W P W P W c5( )( )( )( ).In horse racing, the betting odds are based on the probability that the horse does not win.(a) Show that if we
Expand Your Knowledge: Odds in Favor Sometimes probability statements are expressed in terms of odds.The odds in favor of an event A The odds in favor of an event Anaarree tthhee rraattiioo( )( )( )( ).P A P not A P A P Ac 5The odds in favor of an event An are the ratio( ( )( ).P P P A P Ac 5For
Agriculture: Cotton A botanist has developed a new hybrid cotton plant that can withstand insects better than other cotton plants. However, there is some concern about the germination of seeds from the new plant. To estimate the probability that a seed from the new plant will germinate, a random
Psychology: Creativity When do creative people get their best ideas? USA Today did a survey of 966 inventors (who hold U.S. patents) and obtained the following information:Time of Day When Best Ideas Occur Time Number of Inventors 6 a.m.–12 noon 290 12 noon–6 p.m. 135 6 p.m.–12 midnight 319
General: Roll a Die(a) If you roll a single die and count the number of dots on top, what is the sample space of all possible outcomes? Are the outcomes equally likely?(b) Assign probabilities to the outcomes of the sample space of part (a). Do the probabilities add up to 1?Should they add up to 1?
Myers–Briggs: Personality Types Isabel Briggs Myers was a pioneer in the study of personality types. The personality types are broadly defined according to four main preferences. Do married couples choose similar or different personality types in their mates? The following data give an indication
Probability Estimate: Raise One Eyebrow Can you raise one eyebrow at a time? Use the students in your statistics class (or a group of friends) to estimate the percentage of people who can raise one eyebrow at a time. How can your result be thought of as an estimate for the probability that a person
Probability Estimate: Wiggle Your Ears Can you wiggle your ears? Use the students in your statistics class (or a group of friends) to estimate the percentage of people who can wiggle their ears. How can your result be thought of as an estimate for the probability that a person chosen at random can
Critical Thinking(a) Explain why 20.41 cannot be the probability of some event.(b) Explain why 1.21 cannot be the probability of some event.(c) Explain why 120% cannot be the probability of some event.(d) Can the number 0.56 be the probability of an event? Explain.AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking On a single toss of a fair coin, the probability of heads is 0 5 . and the probability of tails is 0 5 . . If you toss a coin twice and get heads on the first toss, are you guaranteed to get tails on the second toss?Explain.AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking Consider the experiment of tossing a fair coin 3 times. For each coin, the possible outcomes are heads or tails.(a) List the equally likely events of the sample space for the three tosses.(b) What is the probability that all three coins come up heads? Notice that the complement of
Critical Thinking Consider a family with 3 children. Assume the probability that one child is a boy is 0 5 . and the probability that one child is a girl is also 0 5 . , and that the events “boy” and “girl” are independent.(a) List the equally likely events for the gender of the 3 children,
Interpretation A sample space consists of 4 simple events: A, B, C, D. Which events comprise the complement of A? Can the sample space be viewed as having two events, A and Ac? Explain.AppendixLO1
Interpretation An investment opportunity boasts that the chance of doubling your money in 3 years is 95%. However, when you research the details of the investment, you estimate that there is a 3% chance that you could lose the entire investment. Based on this information, are you certain to make
Basic Computation: Probability of Equally Likely Events What is the probability that a day of the week selected at random will be a Wednesday?AppendixLO1
Basic Computation: Probability as Relative Frequency A recent Harris Poll survey of 1010 U.S.adults selected at random showed that 627 consider the occupation of firefighter to have very great prestige.Estimate the probability (to the nearest hundredth) that a U.S. adult selected at random thinks
Interpretation According to a recent Harris Poll of adults with pets, the probability that the pet owner cooks especially for the pet either frequently or occasionally is 0.24.(a) From this information, can we conclude that the probability a dog owner cooks for the pet is the same as for a cat
Interpretation A Harris Poll indicated that of those adults who drive and have a cell phone, the probability that a driver between the ages of 18 and 24 sends or reads text messages is 0.51. Can this probability be applied to all drivers with cell phones? Explain.AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy If you were using the relative frequency of an event to estimate the theoretical probability of the event using data, would it be better to use a sample size of 100 or 500? Explain.AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy What is the probability of(a) an event A that is certain to occur?(b) an event B that is impossible?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy Suppose the newspaper states that the probability of rain today is 30%. What is the complement of the event “rain today”? What is the probability of the complement?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy List three methods of assigning probabilities.AppendixLO1
Explain the relationship between statistics and probability.AppendixLO1
Apply basic rules of probability in everyday life.AppendixLO1
Explain how the law of large numbers relates to relative frequencies.AppendixLO1
Assign probabilities to events in the real world.AppendixLO1
What are counting techniques, trees, permutations, and combinations?AppendixLO1
What are the basic definitions and rules of probability? (SECTION 4.2)AppendixLO1
How can we use probability to analyze events in life that are uncertain? (SECTION 4.1)AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking Consider the following Minitab display of two data sets.(a) What are the respective means? The respective ranges?(b) Which data set seems more symmetric? Why?(c) Compare the interquartile ranges of the two sets. How do the middle halves of the data sets compare?AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking Look at the two histograms below.Each involves the same number of data. The data are all whole numbers, so the height of each bar represents the number of values equal to the corresponding midpoint shown on the horizontal axis. Notice that both distributions are symmetric.(a)
Auto Insurance: Interpret Graphs Consumer Reports rated automobile insurance companies and listed annual premiums for top-rated companies in several states. Figure 3-13 shows box-and-whisker plots for annual premiums for urban customers(married couple with one 17-year-old son) in three states. The
Critical Thinking What can you say about the shape of the distributions of data represented by the following box-and-whisker plots?AppendixLO1 (a) (b)
Grouped Data: Hours of Sleep per Day Alexander Borbely is a professor at the University of Zurich Medical School, where he is director of the sleep laboratory. The histogram in Figure 3-5 is basedon information from his book Secrets of Sleep. The histogram displays hours of sleep per day for a
Testing: CPA Exam Cathy is planning to take the Certified Public Accountant Examination (CPA exam).Records kept by the college of business from which she graduated indicate that 83% of the students who graduated pass the CPA exam. Assume that the exam is changed each time it is given. Let n 51, 2,
General: Coin Flip An experiment consists of tossing a coin a specified number of times and recording the outcomes.(a) What is the probability that the first heads will occur on the second trial? Does this probability change if we toss the coin three times? What if we toss the coin four times? What
Car Theft: Hawaii In Hawaii, the rate of motor vehicle theft is 551 thefts per 100,000 vehicles(Reference: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation). A large parking structure in Honolulu has issued 482 parking permits.(a) What is the probability that none of the vehicles with a
Banking: Loan Defaults Records over the past year show that 1 out of 350 loans made by Mammon Bank have defaulted. Find the probability that 2 or more out of 300 loans will default. Hint: Is it appropriate to use the Poisson approximation to the binomial distribution?AppendixLO1
Accident Rate: Small Planes Flying over the western states with mountainous terrain in a small aircraft is 40% riskier than flying over similar distances in flatter portions of the nation, according to a General Accounting Office study completed in response to a congressional request. The accident
Theater: Coughs A person with a cough is a persona non grata on airplanes, elevators, or at the theater. In theaters especially, the irritation level rises with each muffled explosion. According to Dr. Brian Carlin, a Pittsburgh pulmonologist, in any large audience you’ll hear about 11 coughs per
Quota Problem: Financial Suppose you are a (junk)bond broker who buys only bonds that have a 50%chance of default. You want a portfolio with at least five bonds that do not default. You can dispose of the other bonds in the portfolio with no great loss. How many such bonds should you buy if you
Quota Problem: Ecological Study High in the Rocky Mountains, a biology research team has drained a lake to get rid of all fish. After the lake was refilled, they stocked it with an endangered species of Greenback trout. Of the 2000 Greenback trout put into the lake 800 were tagged for later study.
Restaurants: Reservations The Orchard Caféhas found that about 5% of the diners who make reservations don’t show up. If 82 reservations have been made, how many diners can be expected to show up? Find the standard deviation of this distribution.AppendixLO1
Ecology: Shark Attacks In Hawaii shark attacks are very rare. Furthermore, about 55% of all shark attacks are serious, but not fatal (Reference: Sharks of Hawaii, Dr. Leighton Taylor, University of Hawaii Press). You are scheduled to give a talk at a local scuba club in Honolulu and want to include
Airlines: On-Time Arrivals Consumer Reports rated airlines and found that 80% of the flights involved in the study arrived on time (i.e., within 15 minutes of scheduled arrival time). Assuming that the on-time arrival rate is representative of the entire commercial airline industry, consider a
Criminal Justice: Inmates According to Harper’s Index, 50% of all federal inmates are serving time for drug dealing. A random sample of 16 federal inmates is selected.(a) What is the probability that 12 or more are serving time for drug dealing?(b) What is the probability that 7 or fewer are
Quality Control: Pens A stationery store has decided to accept a large shipment of ballpoint pens if an inspection of 20 randomly selected pens yields no more than two defective pens.(a) Find the probability that this shipment is accepted if 5% of the total shipment is defective.(b) Find the
Insurance: Auto Insurance companies estimate that in Colorado, 55% of the auto insurance claims submitted for property damage are submitted by those under 25 years of age. Suppose 10 property damage claims involving automobiles are selected at random.(a) Let r be the number of claims made by people
Ecology: Predator and Prey Isle Royale, an island in Lake Superior, has provided an important study site of wolves and their prey. In the National Park Service Scientific Monograph Series 11, Wolf Ecology and Prey Relationships on Isle Royale, Peterson gives results of many wolf–moose studies. Of
Probability Distribution: Auto Leases Consumer Banker Association released a report showing the lengths of automobile leases for new automobiles. The results are as follows.Lease Length in Months Percent of Leases 13–24 12.7%25–36 37.1%37–48 28.5%49–60 21.5%More than 60 0.2%(a) Use the
Critical Thinking Consider a binomial experiment. If the number of trials is increased, what happens to the expected value? to the standard deviation? Explain.AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking For a binomial probability distribution, it is unusual for the number of successes to be less than m 2 2.5s or greater than m 1 2.5s .(a) For a binomial experiment with 10 trials for which the probability of success on a single trial is 0.2, is it unusual to have more than five
Statistical Literacy List the criteria for a binomial experiment. What does the random variable of a binomial experiment measure?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy What are the requirements for a probability distribution?AppendixLO1
Critical Thinking Let r be a binomial random variable representing the number of successes out of n trials.(a) Explain why the sample space for r consists of the set {0, 1, 2, …, n} and why the sum of the probabilities of all the entries in the entire sample space must be 1.(b) Explain why P(r $
Quota Problem: Motel Rooms The owners of a motel in Florida have noticed that in the long run, about 40%of people who stop to inquire about a room for the night actually rent a room.(a) Quota Problem How many inquiries must the owner answer to be 99% sure of renting at least one room?(b) Quota
Psychology: Personality Types In the book A Guide to the Development and Use of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicators by Myers and McCaully, it was reported that approximately 45% of all university professors are extroverted. Suppose you have classes with six different professors.(a) What is the
Criminal Justice: Convictions Innocent until proven guilty? In Japanese criminal trials, about 95% of the defendants are found guilty. In the United States, about 60% of the defendants are found guilty in criminal trials (Source: The Book of Risks, by Larry Laudan, John Wiley and Sons). Suppose you
Security: Burglar Alarms A large bank vault has several automatic burglar sensors. The probability is 0.55 that a single sensor will detect a burglar.(a) Quota Problem How many such sensors should be used for 99% certainty that a burglar trying to enter will be detected by at least one sensors?(b)
Law Enforcement: Property Crime Does crime pay?The FBI Standard Survey of Crimes shows that for about 80% of all property crimes (burglary, larceny, car theft, etc.), the criminals are never found and the case is never solved (Source: True Odds, by James Walsh, Merrit Publishing). Suppose a
Public Safety: 911 Calls The Denver Post reported that a recent audit of Los Angeles 911 calls showed that 85% were not emergencies. Suppose the 911 operators in Los Angeles have just received four calls.(a) What is the probability that all four calls are, in fact, emergencies?(b) What is the
Criminal Justice: Jury Duty Have you ever tried to get out of jury duty? About 25% of those called will find an excuse (work, poor health, travel out of town, etc.) to avoid jury duty (Source: Bernice Kanner, Are You Normal?, St. Martin’s Press).(a) If 12 people are called for jury duty, what is
Defense: Radar Stations The probability that a single radar station will detect an enemy plane is 0.65.(a) Quota Problem How many such stations are required for 98% certainty that an enemy plane flying over will be detected by at least one station?(b) If four stations are in use, what is the
Health: Hip Replacement According to the National Institute of Health, approximately one in four people will develop symptomatic hip osteoarthritis in their lifetime. In a group of 4 people, let’s say that success is not developing osteoarthritis.(a) What is the probability of success, p, in this
Quota Problem: Archaeology An archaeological excavation at Burnt Mesa Pueblo showed that about 10% of the flaked stone objects were finished arrow points (Source: Bandelier Archaeological Excavation Project: Summer 1990 Excavations at Burnt Mesa Pueblo, edited by Kohler, Washington State
Hype: Improved Products The Wall Street Journal reported that approximately 25% of the people who are told a product is improved will believe that it is, in fact, improved. The remaining 75% believe that this is just hype (the same old thing with no real improvement).Suppose a marketing study
Rude Drivers: Tailgating Do you tailgate the car in front of you? About 35% of all drivers will tailgate before passing, thinking they can make the car in front of them go faster (Source: Bernice Kanner, Are You Normal?, St. Martin’s Press). Suppose that you are driving a considerable distance on
Education: Illiteracy USA Today reported that about 20% of all people in the United States are illiterate.Suppose you interview seven people at random off a city street.(a) Make a histogram showing the probability distribution of the number of illiterate people out of the seven people in the
Ecology: Hawaiian Tsunamis A tidal wave or tsunami is usually the result of an earthquake in the Pacific Rim, often 1000 or more miles from Hawaii. Tsunamis are rare but dangerous. Many tsunamis are small and do little damage. However, a tsunami 9 meters or higher is very dangerous. Civil Defense
Private Investigation: Locating People Old Friends Information Service is a California company that is in the business of finding addresses of long-lost friends.Old Friends claims to have a 70% success rate (Source:The Wall Street Journal). Suppose that you have the names of six friends for whom
Quality Control: Syringes The quality-control inspector of a production plant will reject a batch of syringes if two or more defective syringes are found in a random sample of eight syringes taken from the batch.Suppose the batch contains 1% defective syringes.(a) Make a histogram showing the
Sports: Surfing In Hawaii, January is a favorite month for surfing since 60% of the days have a surf of at least 6 feet(Reference: Hawaii Data Book, Robert C. Schmitt). You work day shifts in a Honolulu hospital emergency room.At the beginning of each month you select your days off, and you pick 7
Critical Thinking Consider a binomial distribution with n 510 trials and the probability of success on a single trial p 5 0.05.(a) Is the distribution skewed left, skewed right, or symmetric?(b) Compute the expected number of successes in 10 trials.(c) Given the low probability of success p on a
Critical Thinking Consider a binomial distribution with n 510 trials and the probability of success on a single trial p 5 0.85.(a) Is the distribution skewed left, skewed right, or symmetric?(b) Compute the expected number of successes in 10 trials.(c) Given the high probability of success p on a
Binomial Distribution: Histograms Consider a binomial distribution with n 5 5 trials. Use the probabilities given in Table 3 of Appendix II to make histograms showing the probabilities of r 5 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 successes for each of the following. Comment on the skewness of each distribution.(a)
Critical Thinking Consider a binomial distribution with 10 trials. Look at Table 3 (Appendix II) showing binomial probabilities for various values of p, the probability of success on a single trial.(a) For what value of p is the distribution symmetric?What is the expected value of this
Critical Thinking Consider a binomial distribution of 200 trials with expected value 80 and standard deviation of about 6.9. Use the criterion that it is unusual to have data values more than 2.5 standard deviations above the mean or 2.5 standard deviations below the mean to answer the following
Basic Computation: Expected Value and Standard Deviation Consider a binomial experiment with n 5 20 trials and p 5 0.40.(a) Find the expected value and the standard deviation of the distribution.(b) Interpretation Would it be unusual to obtain fewer than 3 successes? Explain. Confirm your answer by
Basic Computation: Expected Value and Standard Deviation Consider a binomial experiment with n 5 8 trials and p 5 0.20.(a) Find the expected value and the standard deviation of the distribution.(b) Interpretation Would it be unusual to obtain 5 or more successes? Explain. Confirm your answer by
Statistical Literacy A new carnival game has a probability of winning of 37%, so out of 15 tries a player can expect to win 5.55 times on average. There is a 13.5% chance that a player will win less than 4 times out of 15.Match the numerical values from the problem to the corresponding symbols. If
Statistical Literacy Each year a random sample of 20 bird nests from McLaughlin Park are inspected. Over many years it has been found that 73% of nests contain at least one egg. This means that the expected number of nests out of 20 with at least one egg is 14.6. The standard deviation in the
Statistical Literacy Consider two binomial distributions, with n trials each. The first distribution has a higher probability of success on each trial than the second. How does the expected value of the first distribution compare to that of the second?AppendixLO1
Statistical Literacy What does the expected value of a binomial distribution with n trials tell you?AppendixLO1
Determine through trial and error the minimum number of trials n needed to achieve a given probability of success P(r ).AppendixLO1
Compute m and s for a binomial distribution.AppendixLO1
Make histograms for binomial distributions.AppendixLO1
Conditional Probability: Blood Supply Only about 70% of all donated human blood can be used in hospitals. The remaining 30% cannot be used because of various infections in the blood. Suppose a blood bank has 10 newly donated pints of blood. Let r be a binomial random variable that represents the
Expand Your Knowledge: Conditional Probability In the western United States, there are many dry-land wheat farms that depend on winter snow and spring rain to produce good crops. About 65% of the years, there is enough moisture to produce a good wheat crop, depending on the region (Reference:
Showing 5700 - 5800
of 6613
First
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
Last
Step by Step Answers
Get 50% OFF
Claim Now
