Questions and Answers of Modern Systems Analysis And Design

What is the difference between how a range control statement and a referential integrity control statement are handled by a file management system?
In what way does the choice of a data type for a field help to control the integrity of that field?
Can instances of a relation (sample data) prove the existence of a functional dependency? Why or why not?
How is a foreign key represented in relational notation?
What problems can arise when merging relations (view integration)?
List five properties of relations.
What is the purpose of normalization?
Give an example (different from any example in this chapter) of a ternary relationship.
Talk with a systems analyst who uses a CASE tool. Investigate what capabilities the CASE tool has for automatically checking for rule violations in DFDs. What reports can the CASE tool produce with
An organization is in the process of upgrading microcomputer hardware and software for all employees. Hardware will be allocated to each employee in one of three packages. The first hardware package
The following is an example that demonstrates the rules of the tenure process for faculty at many universities. Present the logic of this business using a decision table. Write down any assumptions
Choose a transaction that you are likely to encounter and develop a written use case for it.
Obtain a copy of an invoice, order form, or bill used in one of your recent business transactions. Create an E-R diagram to describe your sample document.
Using Table 8.1 as a guide, develop the complete script (questions and possible answers) of an interview between analysts and users within the order entry function at PVF.Table 8.1 1. What are the
A concert ticket reservation is an association among a patron, a concert, and a seat. Select a few pertinent attributes for each of these entity types and represent a reservation in an E-R diagram.
Consider the E-R diagram in Figure 8.25. Are all three relationships—Holds, Goes_on, and Transports necessary (i.e., can one of these be deduced from the other two)? Are there reasonable
What is the degree of a relationship? Give an example of each of the relationship degrees illustrated in this chapter.
What are the linkages among DFDs, decision tables, and E-R diagrams?
Which of the following types of relationships—one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many—can have attributes associated with them?
What is the significance of triggering operations and business rules in the analysis and design of an information system?
When must a many-to-many relationship be modeled as an associative entity?
Explain why a ternary relationship is not the same as three binary relationships.
What elements of a DFD should be analyzed as part of data modeling?
Distinguish between the data modeling done during information systems planning, project initiation and planning, and the analysis phases of the SDLC.
Jim Watanabe, manager of the “No Customer Escapes” project, and assistant director of IT for Petrie Electronics, was sitting in the company cafeteria. He had just finished his house salad and was
Discuss why some systems developers believe that a data model is one of the most important parts of the statement of information system requirements.
At an organization with which you have contact, ask one or more employees to draw a “picture” of the business process they interact with at that organization. Ask them to draw the process using
Find out which, if any, drawing packages, word processors, forms design, and database management systems your university or company supports. Research these packages to determine how they might be
Interview several people in an organization about a particular system. What is the system like now and what would they like to see changed? Create a complete set of DFDs for the system. Show your
Talk with a systems analyst who works at an organization. Ask the analyst to show you a complete set of DFDs from a current project. Interview the analyst about his or her views concerning DFDs and
At a local bank, loan officers must evaluate loan applications before approving or denying them. During this evaluation process, many factors regarding the loan request and the applicant’s
Mary is trying to decide which graduate programs she will apply to. She wants to stay in the southeastern region of the United States, but if a program is considered one of the top 10 in the country,
Read the narratives below and follow the directions for each. If you discover that the narrative is incomplete, make up reasonable explanations to complete the story. Supply these extra explanations
In a relatively small company that sells thin, electronic keypads and switches, the rules for selling products specify that sales representatives are assigned to unique regions of the country. Sales
In one company, the rules for buying personal computers specify that if the purchase is over $15,000, it has to go out for bid, and the Request for Proposals (RFP) must be approved by the Purchasing
What types of questions need to be asked during requirements determination in order to gather the information needed for logic modeling? Give examples.
Look at the set of DFDs created in this chapter for Hoosier Burger’s food-ordering system. Represent the decision logic of one or more of the processes as decision tables.
Develop a context diagram and as many nested DFDs as you consider necessary to represent all the details of the training logistics system described in the following narrative. If you discover that
An auto rental company wants to develop an automated system that can handle car reservations, customer billing, and car auctions. Usually a customer reserves a car, picks it up, and then returns it
The diagram in Figure 7-33 includes five use cases. In this chapter, Jim Woo wrote descriptions for one of them, Browse catalog. Prepare written descriptions for the other use cases in Figure
Starting with a context diagram, draw as many nested DFDs as you consider necessary to represent all of the details of the system described in the following narrative. In drawing these diagrams, if
Choose a transaction that you are likely to encounter, perhaps ordering a cap and gown for graduation, and develop a use case diagram for it.
Develop a written use case for using an ATM machine to withdraw cash.
Consider the three DFDs in Figure 7-25. List three errors (rule violations) on these DFDs. E1 DF1 DF9 DF8 DF1 P1.1 P1.4.1 P1 DS1 DF11 P1.3 DF7 Level 0 DF3 DF2 DF3 Level 1 DF6 P1.2 Level 2 P1.4.2 DF10
Develop a use case diagram for using an ATM machine to withdraw cash.
Consider the DFD in Figure 7-24. List three errors (rule violations) on this DFD.Figure 7-24 1.0 DF2 E1 P2 DF5 DS1 DF1 DF6 DF3 2.0 DF4 P1 DF2 E2
Draw a use case diagram based on the level-0 diagram in Figure 7-23. How does your use case diagram for Figure 7-23 differ from the one in Figure 7-26, which is also about registering for classes? To
What is the relationship between DFDs and entries in the project dictionary or CASE repository?
Draw a use case diagram for the situation described in Problem and Exercise 7-43.Problem and Exercise 7-43Develop a context diagram and as many nested DFDs as you consider necessary to represent all
Refer to Figure 7-23, which contains drafts of a context and level-0 DFD for a university class registration system. Identify and explain potential violations of rules and guidelines on these
Draw a use case diagram for the situation described in Problem and Exercise 7-42.Problem and Exercise 7-42Develop a context diagram and a level-0 diagram for the contracting system described in the
Choose an example like the one in Problem and Exercise 7-32 and draw a context diagram. Decompose this diagram until it does not make sense to continue. Be sure that your diagrams are
Draw a use case diagram for the situation described in Problem and Exercise 7-41.Problem and Exercise 7-41Develop a context diagram and level-0 diagram for the hospital pharmacy system described in
Evaluate your level-0 DFD from Problem and Exercise 7-32 using the rules for drawing DFDs in this chapter. Edit your DFD so that it does not break any of these rules.Problem and Exercise 7-32Choose a
Draw a use case diagram for the situation described in Problem and Exercise 7-40.Problem and Exercise 7-40Starting with a context diagram, draw as many nested DFDs as you consider necessary to
Choose a transaction that you are likely to encounter, perhaps ordering a cap and gown for graduation, and develop a high-level DFD or a context diagram. Decompose this to a level-0 diagram.
Using the example of a retail clothing store in a mall, list relevant data flows, data stores, processes, and sources/ sinks. Observe several sales transactions. Draw a context diagram and a level-0
Think of several business processes you take part in regularly as a customer. For example, think about withdrawing cash from an ATM. Think about ordering a movie and downloading a movie online.
Draw a use case diagram for the situation described in Problem and Exercise 7-39, page 210.Problem and Exercise 7-39Starting with a context diagram, draw as many nested DFDs as you consider necessary
What is the formula that is used to calculate the number of rules a decision table must cover?
Find a company in your area that uses BPMN. Interview analysts and users about this business process modeling approach. What do they think of it? How useful is it? Ask for some examples of diagrams
What are extensions?
List the deliverables from the conceptual data modeling part of the analysis phase of the systems development process.
Explain the relationship between minimum cardinality and optional and mandatory participation.
List the ideal characteristics of an entity identifier attribute.
Explain how conceptual data modeling is different when you start with a prepackaged data model rather than a clean sheet of paper.
Contrast the following terms:a. Subtype; supertypeb. Total specialization rule; partial specialization rulec. Disjoint rule; overlap ruled. Attribute; operation
Much like PVF’s sale of products, stock brokerages sell stocks, and the prices are continually changing. Draw an E-R diagram that takes into account the changing nature of stock prices.
If you were going to develop a computer-based tool to help an analyst interview users and quickly and easily create and edit E-R diagrams, what type of tool would you build? What features would it
A software training program is divided into training modules, and each module is described by module name and the approximate practice time. Each module sometimes has prerequisite modules. Model this
Assume that entity PART has attributes Part_Number, Drawing_Number, Weight, Description, Storage_Location, and Cost. Which attributes are candidate keys? Why? Which attribute would you select for the
Study the E-R diagram in Figure 8.23. Based on this E-R diagram, answer the following questions:a. How many PROJECTs can an employee work on?b. What is the degree of the Includes relationship?c. Are
For the E-R diagram provided in Figure 8.24, draw in the relationship cardinalities and describe them. Describe any assumptions you must make about relevant business rules. Are there any changes or
For the E-R diagram provided in Figure 8.24, assume that this company decided to assign each sales representative to a small, unique set of customers; some customers can now become “members” and
Choose from your own experiences with organizations and draw an E-R diagram for a situation that has a ternary relationship.
Draw an E-R diagram to represent the sample customer order in Figure 8-4.Figure 8-4. PVF CUSTOMER ORDER ORDER NO: 61384 CUSTOMER NO: 1273 NAME: Contemporary Designs 123 Oak St. Austin, TX 28384
In a real estate database, there is an entity called PROPERTY, which is a property for sale by the agency. Each time a potential property buyer makes a purchase offer on a property, the agency
Consider the Is_married_to unary relationship in Figure 8.14c.a. Assume that we want to know the date on which a marriage occurred. Augment this E-R diagram to include a Date_married attribute.b.
Consider Figure 8.20.a. Write a domain integrity rule for Balance.b. Write a triggering operation for the Balance attribute for the event of inserting a new ACCOUNT.Figure 8.20 ACCOUNT Account Number
How are E-R diagrams similar to and different from decision trees? In what ways are data and logic modeling techniques complementary? What problems might be encountered if either data or logic
In the Purchasing department at one company, a purchase request may be assigned an expediter within the Purchasing department. This expediter follows the purchase request through the entire
Interview a friend or family member about each of the entities, attributes, relationships, and relevant business rules he or she comes into contact with at work. Use this information to construct and
Visit an organization that provides primarily a service, such as a dry cleaner, and a company that manufactures a more tangible product. Interview employees from these organizations about the
Discuss with a systems analyst the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall systems analysis and design of information systems at his or her company. How, and by whom, is conceptual data
Ask a systems analyst to give you examples of unary, binary, and ternary relationships that they have heard of or dealt with personally at their company. Ask them which is the most common. Why?
Talk to MIS professionals at a variety of organizations and determine their interest in using prepackaged data models, rather than doing data modeling from scratch. If they have adopted any
Ask a systems analyst to give you a copy of the standard notation he or she uses to draw E-R diagrams. In what ways is this notation different from the notation in this text? Which notation do you
Ask a systems analyst in a manufacturing company to show you an E-R diagram for a database in that organization that contains bill-of-materials data. Compare that E-R diagram to the one in Figure
Give an example of aggregation. Your example should include at least one aggregate object and three component objects. Specify the multiplicities at each end of all the aggregation relationships.
Contrast the following terms:a. Object class; objectb. Abstract class; concrete class
Draw a class diagram, showing the relevant classes, attributes, operations, and relationships for each of the following situations (if you believe that you need to make additional assumptions,
A student, whose attributes include studentName, Address, phone, and age, may engage in multiple campusbased activities. The university keeps track of the number of years a given student has
Convert the class diagram in Figure 8-37 to the equivalent E-R diagram. Compare the two diagrams. Describe what different system specifications are shown in each diagram.Figure 8-37
What does the term limited entry mean in a decision table?
Draw a BPMN diagram that models the reimbursement process described below. Use one swimlane for each of the three actors in the process. The travel reimbursement process for employees of West Nile
What is the difference between a minimal guarantee and a success guarantee?
What are the steps in creating a decision table? How do you reduce the size and complexity of a decision table?
Draw a BPMN diagram that models the employee’s reimbursement process described below. Employees of West Nile Valley University have to follow a specific procedure to get reimbursed for travel they
List and explain the five levels from which use case descriptions can be written.
What unique rules apply to drawing context diagrams?

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