Questions and Answers of Modern Systems Analysis And Design

Are you using any services offered in the cloud? If so, what service model is offered by your provider? If not, what are your primary reasons for not using services offered in the cloud?
Building on the research conducted in Problem and Exercise 12-53, what challenges does each device present for designers when delivering an electronic commerce application? Are some devices more
There is a strong movement toward wireless mobile computing using thin-client technology. Go to the Web and visit some of the major computer vendors that are producing thin-client products such as
You read in this chapter about the advantages of client/server architectures. What operational and management problems can be created by client/server architectures? Considering both the advantages
An extension of the three-tiered client/server architecture is the n-tiered architecture, in which there are many specialized application servers and other functions (e.g., load balancers). Extend
Suppose you were designing applications for a standard file server environment. One issue discussed in this chapter for this distributed processing environment is that the application software on
The Internet is a network of networks. Using the terminology in this chapter, what type of distributed network architecture is used on the Internet?
Under what circumstances would you recommend that a file server approach, as opposed to a client/server approach, be used for a distributed information system application? What warnings would you
Briefly describe the role of a content management system and its benefits.
Why is it important that “Links live forever” when designing an Internet-based electronic commerce system?
Discuss how you can instill customer loyalty and trust-worthiness when designing an Internet-based electronic commerce system.
How can CSSs and XSL help to ensure design consistency when designing an Internet-based electronic commerce system?
Why is it important to separate content from display when designing an Internet-based electronic commerce system?
In what ways do Internet standards such as BIND, HTTP, and HTML assist designers in building Internet-based systems?
Describe how JSON and XML relate to SOAP and REST when implementing web services.
Describe various managerial issues related to deploying a cloud computing model including availability, reliability, scalability, viability, security, privacy, compliance, diversity of offerings,
Describe and contrast the various cloud computing service models.
Explain the role of middleware in client/server computing.
Stephanie Welsh worked for Petrie’s database administrator. She had been overseeing two interns who were helping her translate conceptual database designs into physical designs. As they were
Go to the Internet and find commercial websites that demonstrate each of the common errors listed in Table 11-15.Table 11-15. Error Description Avoid opening a new browser window when a user clicks
Summarize the reasons for using a three-tiered client/ server architecture.
List the physical input devices described in this chapter that you have seen or used. For each device, briefly describe your experience and provide your personal evaluation. Do your personal
Describe the advantages of a client/server architecture.
Design one sample data entry screen for a hotel registration system using the data entry guidelines provided in this chapter (Table 11-6). Support your design with arguments for each of the design
Describe the limitations of a file server architecture.
Consider software applications that you regularly use that have menu interfaces, whether they be PC- or mainframe based applications. Evaluate these applications in terms of the menu design
Contrast the following terms.a. File server, client/server architecture, local area network (LAN)b. Virtual Machine, Virtualizationc. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS),
Examine the help systems for some software applications that you use. Evaluate each using the general guidelines provided in Table 11-11.Table 11-11. Guideline Explanation Simplicity Use short,
Interview systems analysts and programmers in an organization where GUIs are used. Describe the ways that these interfaces are developed and used. How does the use of such interfaces enhance or
Interview a variety of people about the various ways they interact, in terms of inputs, with systems at their workplaces. What types of technologies and devices are used to deliver these inputs? Are
Examine two PC-based GUIs (e.g., Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s OSX). If you do not own these interfaces, you are likely to find them at your university or workplace, or at a computer retail
Imagine the design of a system used to register students at a university. Discuss the user, task, system, and environmental characteristics (Table 10-10) that should be considered when designing the
Research the topic “natural language interface” on the web. Determine the status of applications available with natural language interaction. Forecast how long it will be before natural language
Consider the design of a registration system for a hotel. Following the design specification items in Figure 11-2, briefly describe the relevant users, tasks, and displays involved in such a
List four contributing factors that have acted to impede the design of high-quality interfaces and dialogues on Internet- based applications.
Represent the dialogues from the previous question through the use of dialogue diagrams.Previous questionDescribe some typical dialogue scenarios between users and a hotel registration system. For
Describe some typical dialogue scenarios between users and a hotel registration system. For hints, reread the section in this chapter that provides sample dialogue between users and the Customer
Propose some specific settings where natural language interaction would be particularly useful and explain why.
Briefly describe several different business tasks that are good candidates for form-based interaction within an information system.
For the three common methods of system interaction— command language, menus, and objects recall a software package that you have used recently and list what you liked and disliked about each
List and describe the common interface and dialogue design errors found on websites.
Describe the properties of windows and forms in a GUI environment. Which property do you feel is most important? Why?
What steps do you need to follow when designing a dialogue? Of the guidelines for designing a dialogue, which is most important? Why?
Describe the general guidelines for designing usable help. Can you think of any instances when it would be appropriate to violate these guidelines?
Describe the types of system feedback. Is any form of feedback more important than the others? Why or why not?
Go to the Internet and find commercial websites that demonstrate each of the common errors listed in Table 10-11.Table 10-11. Error Recommendation Nonstandard Use Make sure that when using standard
Jim Watanabe, project director for the “No Customer Escapes” customer loyalty system for Petrie Electronics, walked into the conference room. Sally Fukuyama, from marketing, and Sanjay Agarwal,
Describe the methods used to enhance the validity of data input.
Describe four types of data errors.
List and describe the general sections of a typical business form. Do computer-based and paper based forms have the same components? Why or why not?
Describe the general guidelines for the design of menus. Can you think of any instances when it would be appropriate to violate these guidelines?
Describe several input devices for interacting with a system. Is one device better than all others? Why or why not?
Use a tool for generating wireframe screen designs, such as Visio or Axure, to create a wireframe of Figure 10-5b.Figure 10-5b. Easy to read: clear, balanced layout Clear title Pine Valley
Describe five methods of interacting with a system. Is one method better than all others? Why or why not?
Given the guidelines presented in this chapter, identify flaws in the design of the Report of Customers that follows. What assumptions about users and tasks did you make in order to assess this
Describe the process of designing interfaces and dialogues. What deliverables are produced from this process? Are these deliverables the same for all types of system projects? Why or why not?
Review the guidelines for attaining usability of forms and reports in Table 10-9. Consider an online form you might use to register a guest at a hotel. For each usability factor, list two examples of
Contrast the following terms:a. Dialogue, interface.b. Command language interaction, form interaction, menu interaction, natural language interaction, object- based interaction.c. Drop-down menu,
Choose a PC-based software package you like to use and choose one that you don’t like to use. Interview other users to determine their evaluations of these two packages. Ask each individual to
Scan the annual reports of a dozen or so companies for the past year. These reports can usually be obtained from a university library. Describe the types of information and the ways that information
Interview a variety of people you know about the different types of forms and reports they use in their jobs. Ask to examine a few of these documents and answer the following questions for each
Investigate the displays used in another field (e.g., aviation). What types of forms and reports are used in this field? What standards, if any, are used to govern the use of these outputs?
As stated in this chapter, most forms and reports are designed for contemporary information systems by using software to prototype output. Packages such as Microsoft Visual Studio.NET have very
Find your last grade report. Given the guidelines presented in this chapter, identify flaws in the design of this grade report. Redesign this report to correct these flaws.
Use a tool for generating wireframe screen designs, such as Visio or Axure, to create a wireframe of some popular homepage.
Imagine that you are to design a budget report for a colleague at work using a spreadsheet package. Following the prototyping discussed in the chapter (see also Figure 6-7), describe the steps you
How can differences in user, task, system, or the environment influence the design of a form or report? Provide an example that contrasts characteristics for each difference.
List the PC-based software packages you like to use. Describe each package in terms of the following usability characteristics: time to learn, speed of performance, rate of errors by users, retention
Consider reports you might receive at work (e.g., budgets or inventory reports) or at a university (e.g., grade reports or transcripts). Evaluate the usability of these reports in terms of speed,
Imagine an output display form for a hotel registration system. Using a software package for drawing such as Microsoft Visio, follow the design suggestions in this chapter and design this form
It was late. Sally Fukuyama, assistant director of marketing, knocked on the slightly open door of Jim Watanabe’s office. Jim was the project director for the “No Customer Escapes” customer
Imagine the worst possible reports from a system. What is wrong with them? List as many problems as you can. What are the consequences of such reports? What could go wrong as a result? How does the
Consider a system that produces budget reports for your department at work. Alternatively, consider a registration system that produces enrollment reports for a department at a university. For
Provide some examples where variations in users, tasks, systems, and environmental characteristics might affect the design of system forms and reports.
List and describe common website design errors.
What measures do many development groups use to assess a system’s usability?
What is meant by usability and what characteristics of an interface are used to assess a system’s usability?
Consider Figure 9-19b. Explain a query that would likely be processed more quickly using the denormalized relations rather than the normalized relations.Figure 9-19b (b) VENDOR ITEM PRICE
Describe how numeric, textual, and alphanumeric data should be formatted in a table or list.
Suppose you created a file for each relation in your answer to Problem and Exercise 9-45. If the following queries represented the complete set of accesses to this database, suggest and justify what
What column, row, and text formatting issues are important when designing tables and lists?
In Problem and Exercise 9-45, you developed integrated normalized relations. Choose primary keys for the files that would hold the data for these relations. Did you use attributes from the relations
How should textual information be formatted on a help screen?
Discuss the benefits, problems, and general design process for the use of color when designing system output.
When can highlighting be used to convey special information to users?
Describe the prototyping process of designing forms and reports. What deliverables are produced from this process? Are these deliverables the same for all types of system projects? Why or why not?
Find out what database management systems are available at your university for student use. Investigate what physical file and database design decisions need to be made. Compare this list of
Find a systems analyst or database administrator within a company that uses a database management system to orga nize the company’s corporate data. Ask this person to describe what “additional
Locate library books or articles that discuss additional normal forms other than second and third normal forms. Describe each of these additional normal forms and give examples of each. How are these
Model a set of typical family relationships—spouse, father, and mother—in a single 3NF relation. Also include nonkey attributes name and birth date. Assume that each person has only one spouse,
Suppose you were designing a file of student records for your university’s placement office. One of the fields that would likely be in this file is the student’s major. Develop a coding scheme
Consider the following 3NF relations about a sorority or fraternity:MEMBER(Member_ID,Name,Address,Dues_Owed) OFFICE(Office_Name,Officer_ID,Term_Start_Date,
Consider the following functional dependencies:Applicant_ID S Applicant_NameApplicant_ID S Applicant_AddressPosition_ID S Position_TitlePosition_ID S Date_Position_OpensPosition_ID S
Assume that, at PVF, products are composed of components, products are assigned to salespersons, and components are produced by vendors. Also assume that, in the relation PRODUCT(Prodname,
What are the seven factors that should be considered in selecting a file organization?
What are the goals of designing physical tables?
Explain the purpose of data compression techniques.
What factors influence the decision to create an index on a field?
Jim Watanabe, assistant director of IT for Petrie Electronics, and the manager of the “No Customer Escapes” customer loyalty system project, was walking down the hall from his office to the
What is the purpose of denormalization? Why might you not want to create one physical table or file for each relation in a logical data model?

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