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Management 4th Canadian Edition Barry Wright, Daniel G. Bachrach, John R. Schermerhorn - Solutions
When people perform in a situation as they are expected to, this is sometimes called the ____________ Effect.(a) Hawthorne(b) systems(c) contingency(d) open-systems
Resource acquisition and customer satisfaction are important when an organization is viewed as a(n) ____________.(a) bureaucracy(b) closed system(c) open system(d) pyramid
The loan-processing department would be considered a ____________ of your local bank or credit union.(a) subsystem(b) closed system(c) resource input(d) cost centre
When a manager notices that Sheryl has strong social needs and assigns her a job in customer relations and gives Farhad lots of praise because of his strong ego needs, the manager is displaying ____________.(a) systems thinking(b) Theory X(c) motion study(d) contingency thinking
Which is the correct match?(a) Follet–analytics(b) McGregor–motion study(c) Deming–quality management(d) Maslow–Theory X and Y
When managers try to avoid hearsay and make decisions based on solid facts and information, this is known as ____________.(a) continuous improvement(b) evidence-based management(c) TQM(d) Theory X management
Enrique Temoltzin has just been appointed the new manager of your local university bookstore. Enrique would like to make sure the store operates according to Weber’s bureaucracy. Describe the characteristics of bureaucracy and answer this question: Is the bureaucracy a good management approach
Values are personal beliefs that help determine whether a behaviour is considered ethical or unethical. An example of a terminal value is ____________.(a) ambition(b) self-respect(c) courage(d) imagination
Under the ____________ view of ethical behaviour, a business owner would be considered ethical if she reduced a plant’s workforce by 10 percent in order to cut costs to keep the business from failing and thus save jobs for the other 90 percent.(a) utilitarian(b) individualism(c) justice(d) moral
A manager’s failure to enforce a late-to-work policy the same way for employees on the day and night shift s is an ethical violation of ____________ justice.(a) ethical(b) moral(c) distributive(d) procedural
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 makes it easier for corporate executives to ____________.(a) protect themselves from shareholder lawsuits(b) sue employees who commit illegal acts(c) be tried and sentenced to jail for financial misconduct(d) shift blame for wrongdoing to boards of directors
Two “spotlight” questions for conducting the ethics double-check of a decision are “How would I feel if my family found out about this?”and “How would I feel if ____________?”(a) my boss found out about this(b) my subordinates found out about this(c) this was published in the local
Research on ethical dilemmas indicates that ____________ is/are often the cause of unethical behaviour by people at work.(a) declining morals in society(b) lack of religious beliefs(c) the absence of whistleblowers(d) pressures from bosses and superiors
Customers, investors, employees, and regulators are examples of ____________ that are important in the analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR).(a) special-interest groups(b) stakeholders(c) ethics advocates(d) whistleblowers
A(n) ____________ is someone who exposes the ethical misdeeds of others.(a) whistleblower(b) ethics advocate(c) ombudsman(d) stakeholder
A proponent of the classical view of corporate social responsibility would most likely agree with which of these statements?(a) Social responsibility improves the public image of business.(b) The primary responsibility of business is to maximize business profits.(c) By acting responsibly,
An organization that takes the lead in addressing emerging social issues is being ____________, showing the most progressive corporate social responsibility strategy.(a) accommodative(b) defensive(c) proactive(d) obstructionist
The criterion of ____________ identifies the highest level of conviction by an organization to operate in a socially responsible manner.(a) economic justice(b) legal requirements(c) ethical commitment(d) discretionary responsibility
Which viewpoint emphasizes that business can find ways to profit by doing things that advance the well-being of society?(a) classical(b) shared value(c) defensive(d) obstructionist
Managers show self-governance when they always try to achieve performance objectives in ways that are ____________.(a) performance effective(b) cost efficient(c) quality oriented(d) ethical and socially responsible
The triple bottom line of organizational performance focuses on the 3 Ps of profit, people, and ____________.(a) principle(b) procedure(c) planet(d) progress
List four common rationalizations for unethical managerial behaviour.
What are the major arguments for and against corporate social responsibility?
What is the primary difference between immoral and amoral management?
A small outdoor clothing company has just received an attractive offer from a business in Bangladesh to manufacture its work gloves. The offer would allow for substantial cost savings over the current supplier. The company manager, however, has read reports that some Bangladeshi businesses break
The general environment of an organization would include ____________.(a) population demographics(b) activist groups(c) competitors(d) customers
Internet censorship faced in foreign countries by firms such as Google is an example of how differences in ____________ factors in the general environment can cause complications for global business executives.(a) economic(b) legal-political(c) natural environment(d) demographic
If the term off shoring describes outsourcing of work and jobs to foreign locations, what is it called when firms like Superior Radiant move jobs back to Canada from foreign locations?(a) protectionism(b) reshoring(c) disrupting(d) upscaling
Work preferences of different generations and public values over things like high pay for corporate executives are examples of developments in the ____________ environment of organizations.(a) task(b) specific(c) socio-cultural(d) economic
A business that has found ways to use technology to outperform its rivals in the marketplace can be said to have gained ____________.(a) environmental capital(b) competitive advantage(c) sustainable development(d) environmental certainty
Apps for an Apple iPhone or Google Android phone are examples of ____________ innovations, whereas the use of robotics in performing manufacturing tasks previously done by humans is an example of ____________ innovation.(a) cost–benefit, process (b) product, cost–benefit (c) value-driven,
Microcredit lending that makes it possible for poor people to get small loans so they can start small businesses is an example of a business model innovation that is also a ____________ innovation.(a) social business(b) technological(c) disruptive(d) green
Two dimensions that determine the level of environmental uncertainty are the number of factors in the external environment and the ____________ of these factors.(a) location(b) rate of change(c) importance(d) interdependence
One of the ways that corporations might better take into account their responsibility for being good environmental citizens is to redefine the notion of profit to: Profit = Revenue − Cost of Goods Sold − ____________ .(a) operating expenses(b) dividends(c) costs to society(d) loan interest
The three Ps of organizational performance are profit, people, and ____________.(a) philanthropy(b) principle(c) potential(d) planet
What organizational stakeholder must be considered in any serious discussion about how a firm can better fulfill its obligations for sustainable development?(a) owners or investors(b) customers(c) suppliers(d) future generations
The first step in Hamel’s wheel of innovation is ____________.(a) imagining(b) assessing(c) experimenting(d) scaling
When a medical device is developed in India so that it can sell at a low price and still deliver high-quality results, and then that device is transferred for sale in the United States also at a low price, this is an example of ____________.(a) trickle-down innovation(b) disruptive innovation(c)
What term is used to describe the world’s supply of natural resources, things like land, water, and minerals?(a) sustainable development(b) global warming(c) climate justice(d) environmental capital
Enhanced health benefits for employees, flexible work hours to balance work and family responsibilities, and programs to help employees deal with stress in their lives are ways organizations might try to improve their accomplishments in respect to ____________.(a) profits(b) human sustainability(c)
Who and/or what should be considered as key stakeholders by a business executive when mapping the task environment for her organization?
Exactly how should “sustainability” be best defined when making it part of a goal statement or strategic objective for a business or nonprofit organization?
How does the process of reverse innovation work?
At a reunion of graduates from a school of business at the local university, two former roommates engaged in a discussion about environment and sustainability. One is a senior executive with a global manufacturer, and the other owns a sandwich shop in the university town.Global executive: “We
The reasons why businesses go international include gaining new markets, finding investment capital, and reducing ____________.(a) political risk(b) protectionism(c) labour costs(d) most favoured nation status
When shoe maker Rocky Brands decided to buy full ownership of a manufacturing company in the Dominican Republic, Rocky was engaging in which form of international business?(a) import/export(b) licensing(c) foreign subsidiary(d) joint venture
A form of international business that falls into the category of a direct investment strategy is ____________.(a) exporting(b) joint venture(c) licensing(d) global sourcing
The World Trade Organization would most likely become involved in disputes between countries over ____________.(a) exchange rates(b) ethnocentrism(c) nationalization (d) tariff s
Business complaints about copyright protection and intellectual property rights in some countries illustrate how differences in ____________ can affect international operations.(a) legal environments(b) political stability(c) sustainable development(d) economic systems
In ____________ cultures, members tend to do one thing at a time; in ____________ cultures, members tend to do many things at once.(a) monochronic, polychronic(b) polycentric, geocentric(c) collectivist, individualist(d) neutral, affective
A culture that places great value on expressing meaning in the written or spoken word is described as ____________ by Hall.(a) monochronic(b) proxemic(c) collectivist(d) low-context
It is common in Malaysian culture for people to value teamwork and to display great respect for authority. Hofstede would describe this culture as high in both ____________.(a) uncertainty avoidance and feminism(b) universalism and particularism(c) collectivism and power distance(d) long-term
In Hofstede’s study of national cultures, Canada was found to be the most ____________ compared with other countries in his sample.(a) individualistic(b) collectivist(c) feminine(d) long-term oriented
It is ____________ when a foreign visitor takes offence at a local custom such as dining with one’s fingers, considering it inferior to practices of his or her own culture.(a) universalist(b) prescriptive(c) monochronic(d) ethnocentric
When a company buys cotton in Egypt, has tops sewn from it in Sri Lanka according to designs made in Italy, and then offers the garments for sale in the United States, this form of international business is known as ____________.(a) licensing(b) importing(c) joint venturing(d) global sourcing
The difference between an international business and a transnational corporation is that the transnational ____________.(a) tries to operate around the world without a strong national identity(b) does business in only one or two foreign countries(c) is led by ethnocentric managers(d) is based
The Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act makes it illegal for ____________.(a) Canadians to engage in joint ventures abroad(b) foreign businesses to pay bribes to Canadian government officials(c) Canadian businesses to make payoff s abroad to gain international business contracts(d) foreign
When a member of a cross-cultural team is hesitant to speak up and offer ideas, defers to the team leader, and avoids accepting praise for individual work, the person is displaying characteristics consistent with a ____________ culture.(a) monochronic(b) low-context(c) tight(d) loose
Hofstede would describe a culture whose members respect age and authority and whose workers defer to the preferences of their supervisors as ____________.(a) low masculinity(b) high particularism(c) high power distance(d) monochronic
Why do host countries sometimes complain about how global corporations operate within their borders?
Why is the “power-distance” dimension of national culture important in management?
What is the difference between a culture that is tight and one that is loose?
How do regional economic alliances affect the global economy?
Monique has just returned from her first business trip to Japan.While there, she was impressed with the intense use of work teams.Now back in Quebec, she would like to totally reorganize the workflows and processes of her canoe manufacturing company and its 75 employees around teams. There has been
____________ is one of the personality characteristics commonly found among entrepreneurs.(a) External locus of control(b) Inflexibility(c) Self-confidence(d) Low self-reliance
When an entrepreneur is comfortable with uncertainty and willing to take risks, these are indicators of someone with a(n) ____________.(a) high tolerance for ambiguity(b) internal locus of control(c) need for achievement(d) action orientation
For entrepreneurs, what is a new form of venture capitalization?(a) Crowdfunding(b) Business plan competitions(c) Business incubation(d) Debt financing
When a business owner sells to another person the right to operate that business in another location, this is a business form known as a ____________.(a) conglomerate(b) franchise(c) joint venture(d) limited partnership
A small business owner who is concerned about passing the business on to heirs after retirement or death should prepare a formal ____________ plan.(a) retirement(b) succession(c) franchising(d) liquidation
What is one of the most common reasons why new small business start-ups often fail?(a) The founders lack business expertise.(b) The founders are too strict with financial controls.(c) The founders don’t want fast growth.(d) The founders have high ethical standards.
When a new business is quick to act and captures a market niche before competitors, this is called____________.(a) intrapreneurship(b) an initial public offering(c) succession planning(d) first-mover advantage
When a small business is just starting up, the business owner is typically most focused on____________.(a) gaining acceptance in the marketplace(b) finding partners for expansion(c) preparing an initial public offering(d) bringing professional skills into the management team
At which stage in the life cycle of an entrepreneurial firm does the underlying business model begin to work well and growth starts to occur?(a) Birth(b) Early childhood(c) Maturity(d) Breakthrough
A venture capitalist who receives an ownership share in return for investing in a new business is providing ____________ financing.(a) debt(b) equity(c) corporate(d) partnership
In ____________ financing, a business owner borrows money as a loan that must eventually be repaid to the lender along with agreed-upon interest.(a) debt(b) equity(c) partnership(d) limited
The people who take ownership shares in new ventures in return for providing the entrepreneurs with critical start-up funds are called ____________.(a) business incubators(b) angel investors(c) Business Development Program(d) intrapreneurs
The ____________ form of small business ownership protects owners from any personal losses greater than their original investments, while the ____________ form separates them completely from any personal liabilities.(a) sole proprietorship, partnership(b) general partnership, sole proprietorship(c)
The first component of a good business plan is usually a/an ____________.(a) industry analysis(b) marketing strategy(c) executive summary of mission and business model(d) set of financial milestones
If a new venture has reached the point where it is pursuing an IPO, the firm is most likely ____________.(a) going into bankruptcy(b) trying to find an angel investor(c) filing legal documents to become an LLC(d) successful enough that the public at large will want to buy its shares
What are the major stages in the life cycle of an entrepreneurial firm, and what are the management challenges at each stage?
What are the advantages of a limited partnership form of small business ownership?
Assume for the moment that you have a great idea for a potential Internet-based start-up business. In discussing the idea with a friend, she advises you to be very careful to tie your business idea to potential customers and then describe it well in a business plan. “After all,”she says, “you
Among the ways information technology is changing organizations today, ____________ is one of its most noteworthy characteristics.(a) eliminating need for top managers(b) reducing information available for decision-making(c) breaking down barriers internally and externally(d) decreasing need for
Whereas management information systems use the latest technologies to collect, organize, and distribute data, ____________ involves tapping the available data to extract and report it in organized ways that are most useful to decision-makers.(a) analytics(b) business intelligence(c) anchoring and
A manager who is reactive and works hard to address problems after they occur is known as a ____________.(a) problem seeker(b) problem avoider(c) problem solver(d) problem manager
A(n) ____________ thinker approaches problems in a rational and an analytic fashion.(a) systematic(b) intuitive(c) internal(d) external
A person likes to deal with hard facts and clear goals in a decision situation; she also likes to be in control and keep things impersonal.This person’s cognitive style tends toward ____________.(a) sensation thinking(b) intuitive thinking(c) sensation feeling(d) intuitive feeling
The assigning of probabilities for action alternatives and their consequences indicates the presence of ____________ in the decision environment.(a) certainty(b) optimizing(c) risk(d) satisficing
The first step in the decision-making process is to ____________.(a) identify alternatives(b) evaluate results(c) find and define the problem(d) choose a solution
Being asked to develop a plan to increase international sales of a product is an example of the types of ____________ problems that managers must be prepared to deal with.(a) routine(b) unstructured(c) crisis(d) structured
Costs, timeliness, and ____________ are among the recommended criteria for evaluating alternative courses of action.(a) ethical soundness(b) competitiveness(c) availability(d) simplicity
A common mistake made by managers in crisis situations is that they ____________.(a) try to get too much information before responding(b) rely too much on group decision-making(c) isolate themselves to make the decision alone(d) forget to use their crisis management plan
The ____________ decision model views managers as making optimizing decisions, whereas the ____________ decision model views them as making satisficing decisions.(a) behavioural, human relations(b) classical, behavioural(c) heuristic, humanistic(d) quantitative, behavioural
When a manager makes a decision about someone’s annual pay raise only after looking at his or her current salary, the risk is that the decision will be biased because of ____________.(a) a framing error(b) escalating commitment(c) anchoring and adjustment(d) strategic opportunism
When a problem is addressed according to the positive or negative context in which it is presented, this is an example of ____________.(a) framing error (b) escalating commitment (c) availability and adjustment (d) strategic opportunism
When a manager decides to continue pursuing a course of action that facts otherwise indicate is failing to deliver desired results, this is called ____________.(a) strategic opportunism(b) escalating commitment(c) confirmation error(d) the risky shift
Personal creativity drivers include creativity skills, task expertise, and ____________.(a) emotional intelligence(b) management support(c) organizational culture(d) task motivation
As a participant in a new mentoring program between your university and a local high school, you have volunteered to give a presentation to a Grade 10 class on the challenges in the new “electronic off ice.” The goal is to sensitize these high school students to developments in information
Planning is the process of __________ and __________.(a) developing premises about the future, evaluating them(b) measuring results, taking corrective action(c) measuring past performance, targeting future performance(d) setting objectives, deciding how to accomplish them
The benefits of planning include __________.(a) improved focus(b) lower labour costs(c) more accurate forecasts(d) higher profits
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