Questions and Answers of Analysis Synthesis And Design Of Chemical Processes

Look up this article, and write a one-page response to the case. Then look up the reader responses. Write a one page reflection on the case. AICHE Code of Ethics The Board of Directors of the
In the case described in Section 25.1.2, Jay has written the report to suit the boss, and the company has gone ahead with an ambitious commercialization program for Catalyst A. Jay has been put in
Contact the Board of Registration for Professional Engineers in your area. Determine what code of ethics is required and what are the specific requirements for registration.
In a small group (approximately four students), obtain examples of codes of conduct from different companies and compare their features.
You work for a chemical company with 30,000 employees. If your company has a typical safety record for the chemical industry, what is your best estimate of how many of your employees Will succumb to
Locate the nearest steam plant on campus.Develop two possible accident scenarios that should be considered when searching for worst-case scenarios.List the safeguards that have been built into the
Find an SDS for each of the components listed in the HDA process.
Summarize all regulations (safety, environmental, transportation) that you can find for benzene.
Assume that the unit operations lab in your department must meet the process safety management standard. Choose two of the 13 components of PSM, and write a critical analysis of these aspects of lab
Some paints have a closed-cup flash point near room temperature, whereas they have no measurable open-cup flash point.Explain this apparent paradox.Which is the more useful flash point when using a
For the following processes in Appendix B, suggest modifications that would make the process greener:1. The ethylbenzene process2. The styrene process3. The maleic anhydride process4. The ethylene
Assume gasoline to be 87 vol% iso-octane (2,2,4 tri-methyl pentane) and 13 vol% n-heptane. At room temperature, the air above a pool of gasoline will become saturated.Is the air-gasoline mixture
Perform a HAZOP on R-101 of the HDA process. Be sure to perform the analysis in a team.
Benzene in gasoline is now limited by regulation to a maximum of 0.62 vol%. Is the benzene concentration in the air above a pool of gasoline greater than or less than the PEL? Show the effect of
Calculate the Dow Fire & Explosion Index for the HDA Reactor 101. Compare this with the F&EI for tank TK-101.
Use the various resources from this chapter to find health, safety, and environmental information about a chemical process plant in your area.
Obtain an environmental impact study for a facility in your area. Prepare a synopsis and lead a class discussion.
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
Obtain the written report guidelines used in your department for laboratory reports. Compare them to those in Section 29.2.8 and explain the differences. 29.2.8 WVU and Auburn University Guidelines
These problems are not like normal homework problems to be done after just reading the chapter. Instead, they are assignments that should be done in the context of an actual group activity to improve
Then discuss your answers to these questions with each other.Obtain the written report guidelines from a firm that employs engineers. Compare them with those in Section 29.2.8 and explain the
Exchange a report you have written for one by a classmate.Spend three minutes skimming the report, and write down answers to the following three questions:1. Why was the report written?2. What is the
Then discuss your answers to these questions with each other.Ask a chemical engineering student who has not yet taken design to read a report you have written and to point out the difficult passages.
Then discuss your answers to these questions with each other.Write a short (one-paragraph) audience analysis for a design report in your design course.
Then discuss your answers to these questions with each other.Choose a graphing, drawing, or spreadsheet software package. Investigate the features of the package and make a list of those features
Then discuss your answers to these questions with each other.Run a grammar checker and spell checker on one of your reports. Accept every change suggested and then reread the report. What do you
After giving an oral presentation, perform a postmortem analysis with a couple of members of the audience.
The CFD obtained from Example 9.10 (for the borrower) is repeated in Figure E9.13. The interest rate paid on the loan is 8% p.a.In year 7, the remaining money owed on the loan is paid off.1.
In Example 9.1, an investment plan for retirement was introduced. It involved investing $8000/year for 40 years leading to retirement. The plan then provided $106,667/year for 20 years of retirement
Money is invested in a savings account that pays a nominal interest rate of 6% p.a. compounded monthly. The account is opened with a deposit of $1000, and then deposits of $50 at the end of each
What was the average rate of inflation for the costs associated with building a chemical plant over the following periods?1. 2001 through 20072. 2007 through 2015
In this example, consider the effect of inflation on the purchasing power of the money set aside for retirement in Example 9.17. Previously, the amount of cash available at the time of retirement in
The fixed capital investment (excluding the cost of land) of a new project is estimated to be $150.0 million, and k − 1 the salvage value of the plant is $10.0 million. Assuming a seven-year
Show how Table 9.2 is obtained. Year 1 2 3 4 5 10 6 Table 9.2 Depreciation Schedule for MACRS Method for Equipment with a 9.5-Year Class Life and a 5-Year Recovery Period [1] Depreciation Allowance
For the project given in Example 9.21, the manufacturing costs, excluding depreciation, are $30 million/y, and the revenues from sales are $75 million/y. Given the depreciation values calculated in
A new chemical plant is going to be built and will require the following capital investments (all figures are in $million):Cost of land, L = $10.0Total fixed capital investment, FCI = $150.0Fixed
For the project described in Example 10.1, determine the following discounted profitability criteria:1. Discounted payback period (DPBP)2. Net present value (NPV)3. Present value ratio (PVR)Assume a
For the problem presented in Examples 10.1 and 10.2, determine the discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFROR).Example 10.2For the project described in Example 10.1, determine the following
A company is seeking to invest approximately $120 × 10 in new projects. After extensive research and preliminary design work, three projects have emerged as candidates for construction. The minimum
The residue curve map of Figure 12.9(a) shows that batch distillation of a mixture at the azeotropic composition for the system (A + B) with a small amount of C added will result in a very pure
On a residue curve map, will the composition of a ternary, minimum-boiling azeotrope always be a stable node, an unstable node, a saddle point, or none of the above?
Laboratory studies often involve batch or semibatch reactors for convenience. Develop four heuristics for choosing whether to use batch, semibatch, or continuous reactors for the commercial plant.
Semibatch or batch reactors are common in biochemical operations. What characteristics of biological systems, materials, and products lead to the choice of batch over continuous reactors? To what
The unique characteristics of an azeotrope make it ideal for some applications. Find three applications of azeotropic products. How is the production of an azeotropic composition different from the
For biological systems (which often have a very narrow range of acceptable temperatures), describe the advantages and disadvantages of large and small DT ′s in reactor temperature control systems.
Consider the HCl absorber (T-602) in the separation section of the allyl chloride process, Figure C.3 in Appendix C. This equipment is shown in Figure E13.1. The function of the absorber is to
Biological systems often require sterilization as a step before inoculation with the appropriate microbial culture. Sterilization can be considered a reaction process in which organisms are killed,
Consider the benzene recovery column in the toluene hydrodealkylation process shown in Figure 1.5. This column is redrawn in Figure E13.2. The purpose of the column is to separate the benzene product
In the activity-coefficient model of an electrolyte system, how is the effect of the long-range forces included?
Even though the ions do not directly participate in the VLE of an electrolyte system, why does their presence affect the VLE of an electrolyte system?
Use both the Peng-Robinson and the Soave-Redlich- Kwong equations of state to calculate the methane vapor molar flowrate from a flash at the following conditions:Compare the results for BIPs from the
The reboiler temperature of an electrolyte process is known to be 150°C–200°C. One of the species present in this system is H2S. How would you model the fugacity of H2S in the liquid phase?
Use the simulator databank BIPs for NRTL to calculate the vapor-liquid equilibrium for ethanol/water at 1 atm. Compare the results for BIPs set to zero. Regress experimental VLE data to determine
The stripper off-gas in Problem 13.29 is typically sent to a Claus unit for sulfur recovery. For maintaining the minimum flame temperature in the Claus furnace, it is necessary to maintain the H S
An electrolyte NRTL model is used for VLE calculation of a strong electrolyte system consisting of four species. How many binary interaction parameters are needed? What are they?
Modify the preceding problem to develop a flowsheet as shown in Figure P16.16. Replace the heat exchanger, E-2001, with a countercurrent heat exchanger between the feed to and product from the
Consider the process described in Problem 16.16.Considering the various criteria discussed in the text for tear stream selection, which stream would you like to consider as the tear stream?What is
Consider the process described in Problem 16.16. Implement a design block that manipulates the solvent circulation rate to achieve an H S concentration of 5 ppmv in Stream 3. So now there are two
Figure P17.10 shows a simplified configuration of a steam generation system. In combustor R-1102, the following reaction takes place:Complete conversion of the fuel gas in R-1102 can be assumed. Flue
Consider Problem 17.10. Show the effect of the metal mass on the temperature transients during shutdown. To show this, ramp down the fuel flowrate to 20% of its steady-state value in 4 h and then
A nozzle is a device that converts pressure into kinetic energy by forcing a fluid through a small-diameter opening. Turbines work in this way because the fluid (usually a gas) with a high kinetic
luid flows downward in a vertical pipe of uniform diameter. How does the velocity change with position?
Consider a physical situation similar to that in Example 19.2. The flowrate between tanks is 10 lb/sec. The source-tank level is 10 ft off of the ground, and the discharge-tank level is 50 ft off of
Determine the required horsepower of the pump in Example 19.4 if the presence of one 90° elbow and one wide-open gate valve in the suction line and one wide-open gate valve, one half-open globe
Explain the meaning of the Reynolds number in terms of forces.
A fuel oil (μ = 70 × 10-3 kg/m/s, SG = 0.9) is pumped through 2.5-in, schedule-40 pipe for 500 m at 3 kg/s. The discharge point is 5 m above the inlet, and the source and destination are both at
Sketch the approximate shape of a graph of frictional losses versus Reynolds number. Discuss two other situations in which the graph has similar shape.
Water flows from a constant-level tank at atmospheric pressure through 8 m of 1-in, schedule-40, commercial-steel pipe. It discharges to atmosphere 4 m below the level in the source tank. Calculate
There are three key parameters that affect frictional loss in pipe flow. State two of them and explain the effect (i.e., whether the parameter increases or decreases, how the frictional loss is
Number 6 fuel oil (μ = 800 cP, ρ = 62 lb/ft3) flows in a 1.5-in, schedule-40 pipe over a distance of 1000 ft. The discharge point is 20 ft above the inlet, and the source and discharge are both at
For sections of pipes in series, what is the relationship between the mass flowrate in each section? What is the relationship between the pressure drops in each section?
Water flows through a pipe, splits into two parallel pipes, and then the fluids mix into another single pipe, as in Figure 19.7(b). All piping is commercial steel. The equivalent length of Branch 1
For sections of pipes in parallel, what is the relationship between the mass flowrate in each section? What is the relationship between the pressure drops in each section?
A fuel gas has an average molecular weight of 18, a viscosity of 10-5 kg/m s, and a γ value of 1.4. It is sent to neighboring industrial users through 4-in, schedule-40, commercial-steel pipe. One
How is the mechanical energy balance different for compressible flow compared to incompressible flow?
In a particular sedimentation vessel, small particles (SG = 1.2) are settling in water. The particles have a diameter of 0.2 mm. What is the terminal velocity of the particles?
What is the difference between form drag and frictional drag?
Determine the sphericity and Dv of a cube.
Define void fraction.
An orifice having a diameter of 1 in is used to measure the flowrate of an oil (SG = 0.9, μ = 50 cP) in a horizontal, 2-in, schedule-40 pipe at 70°F. The pressure drop across the orifice is
Explain the difference between void volume, solid volume, and total volume.
For Example 19.13, how much additional power is needed for the permanent pressure loss through the orifice? The pump is 75% efficient.Example 19.13An orifice having a diameter of 1 in is used to
It is necessary to scale up production in an existing chemical plant by 25%. Your job is to determine whether a particular pump has sufficient capacity to handle the scale-up. The pump’s function
When is mercury a better manometer fluid than water or oil? When is mercury not recommended? Assume the specific gravity of mercury is 13.2, and the specific gravity of oil is 0.8.
It is proposed to improve performance through a section of pipe by adding an identical section in parallel.If the total flowrate remains constant, what parameter changes and by how much, assuming the
Explain the physical meaning of the intersection of the NPSHR and NPSHA curves.
A pump is used to transport toluene at 10,000 kg/h from a feed tank (V-101) maintained at atmospheric pressure and 57°C. The pump is located 2 m below the liquid level in the tank, and there is 6 m
Explain the physical meaning of the intersection of the pump and system curves.
Develop the system curve for flow of water at approximately 10 kg/s through 100 m of 2-in, schedule-40, commercial-steel pipe with the source and destination at the same height and both at
Why does a compressor cost more to operate than a pump?
Repeat Example 19.18 for the same length of pipe but with a 10 m vertical elevation change, with the flow from lower to higher elevation, but with the source and destination both still at atmospheric
The centrifugal pump shown in Figure E19.20 is used to supply water to a storage tank. The pump inlet is at atmospheric pressure, and water is pumped up to the storage tank, which is open to
Why are compressors often staged with intercooling?

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