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physics
schaums outline of college physics

Questions and Answers of Schaums Outline Of College Physics

A glass stopper has a mass of 2.50 g when measured in air, 1.50 g in water, and 0.70 g in sulfuric acid. What is the density of the acid? What is its specific gravity?
What must be the volume V of a 5.0-kg balloon filled with helium (ρHe = 0.178 kg/m3) if it is to lift a 30-kg load? Use ρair = 1.29 kg/m3.
A covered cubic tank 5.00 m by 5.00 m by 5.00 m is completely filled with water through a threaded hole in its lid. A hollow vertical pipe 5.00 m tall is screwed into the hole. The pipe has a
A glass of water has a 10-cm3 ice cube floating in it. The glass is filled to the brim with cold water. By the time the ice cube has completely melted, how much water will have flowed out of the
A glass tube is bent into the form of a U. A 50.0-cm height of olive oil in one arm is found to balance 46.0 cm of water in the other. What is the density of the olive oil?
A long tube delivers 10.0 liters of alcohol in 10.0 min. What is the value of the flow rate?
An air bubble of volume V0 is released near the bottom of a lake at a depth of 11.0 m. What will be its new volume at the surface? Assume its temperature to be 4.0 °C at the release point and 12 °C
Find the translational kinetic energy of one gram mole of any ideal gas at 0 °C.
Air at room temperature has a density of about 1.29 kg/m3. Assuming it to be entirely one gas, find υrms for its molecules.
Suppose a particular gas molecule at the surface of the Earth happens to have the rms speed for that gas at exactly 0 °C. If it were to go straight up without colliding with other molecules, how
Find the following ratios for hydrogen (M = 2.0 kg/kmol) and nitrogen (M = 28 kg/kmol) gases at the same temperature: (a) (KE)H/(KE)N and (b) (rms speed)H/(rms speed)N.
There is about one hydrogen atom per cm3 in outer space, where the temperature (in the shade) is about 3.5 K. Find the rms speed of these atoms and the pressure they exert.
At what pressure will the mean free path be 50 cm for spherical molecules of radius 3.0 × 10−10 m? Assume an ideal gas at 20 °C.
Calculate the root-mean-square speed of an oxygen molecule at room temperature (take that to be 23 °C). Is your answer reasonable?
Determine the temperature Tf that results when 150 g of ice at 0 °C is mixed with 300 g of water at 50.0 °C.
Victoria Falls on the Zambezi River is 108 m high, and 1088 m3 of water pours over it every second. Assuming no loss in energy, what is the rise in temperature of the water due to the drop?
If 10.0 kg of steam at 100 °C is to be raised to 200 °C, how much heat must be added?
How much energy must be removed from a 10.0-kg block of stainless steel to lower its temperature 50.0 °C?
A 100-kg chunk of ice at −150 °C is to have its temperature raised to −50.0 °C. How much energy must be added to it?
How much heat will have to be added to a 20.0-kg block of silver at 960.8 °C in order to completely melt it?
A molten 50.0-kg quantity of gold at 1063 °C is to be solidified without changing its temperature. What must be done?
How many calories are required to heat each of the following from 15 °C to 65 °C? (a) 3.0 g of aluminum, (b) 5.0 g of Pyrex glass, (c) 20 g of platinum. The specific heats, in cal/g·°C, for
When 5.0 g of a certain type of coal is burned, it raises the temperature of 1000 mL of water from 10 °C to 47 °C. Calculate the thermal energy produced per gram of coal. Neglect the small heat
Furnace oil has a heat of combustion of 44 MJ/kg. Assuming that 70 percent of the heat is useful, how many kilograms of oil are required to raise the temperature of 2000 kg of water from 20 °C to 99
What will be the final temperature if 50 g of water at exactly 0 °C is added to 250 g of water at 90 °C?
A 50-g piece of metal at 95 °C is dropped into 250 g of water at 17.0 °C and warms it to 19.4 °C. What is the specific heat of the metal?
How long does it take a 2.50-W heater to boil away 400 g of liquid helium at the temperature of its boiling point (4.2 K)? For helium, Lυ = 5.0 cal/g.
A 55-g copper calorimeter (c = 0.093 cal/g·°C) contains 250 g of water at 18.0 °C. When 75 g of an alloy at 100 °C is dropped into the calorimeter, the final resulting temperature is 20.4 °C.
Determine the temperature that results when 1.0 kg of ice at exactly 0 °C is mixed with 9.0 kg of water at 50 °C and no heat is lost.
How much heat is required to change 10 g of ice at exactly 0° C to steam at 100° C?
Calculate the heat of fusion of ice from the following data for ice at 0 °C added to water: Mass of calorimeter Mass of calorimeter plus water Mass of calorimeter plus water and ice Initial
Ten kilograms of steam at 100 °C is condensed by passing it into 500 kg of water at 40.0 °C. What is the resulting temperature?
The heat of combustion of ethane gas is 373 kcal/mole. Assuming that 60.0 percent of the heat is useful, how many liters of ethane, measured at standard temperature and pressure, must be burned to
Determine the result when 100 g of steam at 100° C is passed into a mixture of 200 g of water and 20 g of ice at exactly 0 °C in a calorimeter that behaves thermally as if it were equivalent to 30
Determine the result when 10 g of steam at 100 °C is passed into a mixture of 400 g of water and 100 g of ice at exactly 0 °C in a calorimeter that behaves thermally as if it were equivalent to 50
Suppose a person who eats 2500 Cal of food each day loses the heat equivalent of the food through evaporation of water from the body. How much water must evaporate each day? At body temperature, Lυ
On a certain day the temperature is 20 °C and the dew point is 5.0 °C. What is the relative humidity? Saturated air at 20 °C and 5.0 °C contains 17.12 and 6.80 g/m3 of water, respectively.
How long will it take a 500-W heater to raise the temperature of 400 g of water from 15.0 °C to 98.0 °C.
A 0.250-hp drill causes a dull 50.0-g steel bit to heat up rather than to deepen a hole in a block of hard wood. Assuming that 75.0 percent of the friction-loss energy causes heating of the bit, by
How much water vapor exists in a 105-m3 room on a day when the relative humidity in the room is 32 percent and the room temperature is 20 °C? Saturated air at 20 °C contains 17.12 g/m3 of water.
Air at 30 °C and 90 percent relative humidity is drawn into an air conditioning unit and cooled to 20 °C. The relative humidity is simultaneously reduced to 50 percent. How many grams of water are
An iron plate 2 cm thick has a cross-sectional area of 5000 cm2. One face is at 150 °C, and the other is at 140 °C. How much heat passes through the plate each second? For iron, kT = 80 W/m·K.
Two metal plates are soldered together as shown in Fig. 19-2. It is known that A = 80 cm2, L1 = L2 = 3.0 mm, T1 = 100 °C, T2 = 0 °C. For the plate on the left, kT1 = 48.1 W/m·K; for the plate on
A metal plate 4.00 mm thick has a temperature difference of 32.0 °C between its faces. It transmits 200 kcal/h through an area of 5.00 cm2. Calculate the thermal conductivity of this metal in W/m·K.
A beverage cooler is in the shape of a cube, 42 cm on each inside edge. Its 3.0-cm-thick walls are made of plastic (kT = 0.050 W/m·K). When the outside temperature is 20 °C, how much ice will melt
A copper tube (length, 3.0 m; inner diameter, 1.500 cm; outer diameter, 1.700 cm) extends across a 3.0-m-long vat of rapidly circulating water maintained at 20 °C. Live steam at 100 °C passes
(a) Calculate the R value for a wall consisting of the following layers: concrete block (R = 1.93), 1.0 inch of insulating board (R = 4.3), and 0.50 inch of drywall (R = 0.45), all in U.S. Customary
An unclothed person whose body has a surface area of 1.40 m2 with an emissivity of 0.85 has a skin temperature of 37 °C and stands in a 20 °C room. How much energy does the person lose through
What temperature gradient must exist in an aluminum rod for it to transmit 8.0 cal per second per cm2 of cross section down the rod? kT for aluminum is 210 W/K·m.
What happens to the rate at which heat passes through a window when the thickness of the glass is doubled, all else kept constant?
Suppose the area of a window on a passenger jet is doubled in size and all else is kept constant. Compared with the original window, what will happen to the rate at which heat passes out through the
The temperature on the inside face of a glass window is 20.0 °C while the outside temperature is 0.00 °C. The window is 100 cm by 100 cm by 10.0 mm and has a thermal conductivity of 0.85 W/m·K.
How much work in total must a 200-lb man do climbing to the top of the 555-ft-tall Washington Monument carrying a 10.0-kg backpack?
Figure 6-8 shows a bead sliding on a wire. How large must height h1 be if the bead, starting at rest at A, is to have a speed of 200 cm/s at point-B? Ignore friction. h₂ B Fig. 6-8 C
A 4.0-kg object is lifted 1.5 m. (a) How much work is done against the Earth’s gravity? (b) Repeat if the object is lowered instead of lifted.
In Fig. 6-8, h1 = 50.0 cm, h2 = 30.0 cm, and the length along the wire from A to C is 400 cm. A 3.00-g bead released at A coasts to point-C and stops. How large an average friction force opposed its
In a particular hoist system, the load is lifted 10 cm for each 70 cm of movement of the rope that operates the device. What is the smallest input force that could possibly lift a 5.0-kN load?
Determine the force F required to hold a 100-N load FW in equilibrium for each of the pulley systems shown in Fig. 7-2. Neglect friction and the weights of the pulleys. In each case determine the net
For the three levers shown in Fig. 7-1, determine the vertical forces F1, F2, and F3 required to support the load FW = 90 N. Neglect the weights of the levers. Also find the IMA, AMA, and efficiency
A hoisting machine lifts a 3000-kg load a height of 8.00 m in a time of 20.0 s. The power supplied to the engine is 18.0 hp. Compute (a) The work output, (b) The power output and power input,
What power in kW is supplied to a 12.0-hp motor having an efficiency of 90.0 percent when it is delivering its full rated output?
Using the wheel and axle illustrated in Fig. 7-3, a 400-N load can be raised by a force of 50 N applied to the rim of the wheel. The radii of the wheel (R) and axle (r) are 85 cm and 6.0 cm,
The inclined plane depicted in Fig. 7-4 is 15 m long and rises 3.0 m. (a) What minimum force F parallel to the plane is required to slide a 20-kg box up the plane if friction is neglected? (b) What
As seen in Fig. 7-5, a jackscrew has a lever arm of 40 cm and a pitch of 5.0 mm. If the efficiency is 30 percent, what horizontal force F applied perpendicularly at the end of the lever arm is
A differential pulley (chain hoist) is drawn in Fig. 7-6. Two toothed pulleys of radii r = 10 cm and R = 11 cm are fastened together and turn on the same axle. A continuous chain passes over the
Refer back to Fig. 7-2(d). If a force of 200 N is required to lift a 50-kg load, find the IMA, AMA, and efficiency for the system. (d) Fw
A motor furnishes 120 hp to a device that lifts a 5000-kg load to a height of 13.0 m in a time of 20 s. Find the efficiency of the machine.
In Fig. 7-7, the 300-N load is balanced by a force F in both systems. Assuming efficiencies of 100 percent, how large is F in each system? Assume all ropes to be vertical. F (a) 300 N] Fig.
Consider a machine for which an applied force moves 3.3 m to raise a load 8.0 cm. Find the (a) IMA and (b) AMA if the efficiency is 60 percent. What load can be lifted by an applied force of 50 N
With a wheel and axle, a force of 80 N applied to the rim of the wheel can lift a load of 640 N. The diameters of the wheel and axle are 36 cm and 4.0 cm, respectively. Determine the AMA, IMA, and
A hydraulic jack in a gas station lifts a 900-kg car a distance of 0.25 cm when a force of 150 N pushes a piston through a distance of 20 cm. Find the IMA, AMA, and efficiency.
The diameters of the two upper pulleys of a chain hoist (Fig. 7-6) are 18 cm and 16 cm. If the efficiency of the hoist is 45 percent, what force is required to lift a 400-kg crate?
The screw of a mechanical press has a pitch of 0.20 cm. The diameter of the wheel to which a tangential turning force F is applied is 55 cm. If the efficiency is 40 percent, how large must F be to
An 8.0-g bullet is fired horizontally into a 9.00-kg cube of wood, which is at rest on a frictionless air table. The bullet lodges in the wood. The cube is free to move and has a speed of 40 cm/s
A 16-g mass is moving in the +x-direction at 30 cm/s, while a 4.0-g mass is moving in the −x-direction at 50 cm/s. They collide headon and stick together. Find their velocity after the collision.
A 2.0-kg brick is moving at a speed of 6.0 m/s. How large a force F is needed to stop the brick in a time of 7.0 × 10−4 s?
A 15-g bullet moving at 300 m/s passes through a 2.0-cm-thick sheet of foam plastic and emerges with a speed of 90 m/s.Assuming that the speed change takes place uniformly, what average force impeded
The nucleus of an atom has a mass of 3.80 × 10−25 kg and is at rest. The nucleus is radioactive and suddenly ejects a particle of mass 6.6 × 10−27 kg and speed 1.5 × 107 m/s. Find the recoil
A 0.25-kg ball moving in the +x-direction at 13 m/s is hit by a bat. Its final velocity leaving the bat is 19 m/s in the x-direction. The bat acts on the ball for 0.010 s. Find the average force F
As shown in Fig. 8-2, a 15-g bullet is fired horizontally into a 3.000-kg block of wood suspended by a long cord. The bullet lodges in the block. Compute the speed of the bullet if the impact causes
Two girls (masses m1 and m2) are on roller skates and stand at rest, close to each other and face to face. Girl-1 pushes squarely against girl-2 and sends her moving backward. Assuming the girls move
Three point masses are placed on the x-axis: 200 g at x = 0, 500 g at x = 30 cm, and 400 g at x = 70 cm. Find their center of mass.
A system consists of the following masses in the xy-plane: 4.0 kg at coordinates (x = 0, y = 5.0 m), 7.0 kg at (3.0 m, 8.0 m), and 5.0 kg at (−3.0 m, −6.0 m). Find the position of its center of
A pendulum consisting of a ball of mass m is released from the position shown in Fig. 8-3 and strikes a block of mass M. The block slides a distance D before stopping under the action of a steady
Two identical railroad cars sit on a horizontal track, with a distance D between their two centers of mass. By means of a cable between them, a winch on one is used to pull the two together. (a)
Two balls of equal mass approach the coordinate origin, one moving downward along the y-axis at 2.00 m/s and the other moving to the right along the − x-axis at 3.00 m/s. After they collide, one
A 7500-kg truck traveling at 5.0 m/s east collides with a 1500-kg car moving at 20 m/s in a direction 30° south of west. After collision, the two vehicles remain tangled together. With what speed
Two identical balls collide head-on. The initial velocity of one is 0.75 m/s—EAST, while that of the other is 0.43 m/s—WEST. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what is the final velocity of
A 1.0-kg ball moving at 12 m/s collides head-on with a 2.0-kg ball moving in the opposite direction at 24 m/s. Determine the motion of each after impact if (a) e = 2/3, (b) The balls stick
The two balls depicted in Fig. 8-5 collide off center and bounce away as shown. (a) What is the final velocity of the 500-g ball if the 800-g ball has a speed of 15 cm/s after the collision? (b) Is
A ball is dropped from a height h above a tile floor and rebounds to a height of 0.65h. Find the coefficient of restitution between ball and floor.
What force is exerted on a stationary flat plate held perpendicular to a jet of water as shown in Fig. 8-6? The horizontal speed of the water is 80 cm/s, and 30 mL of the water hit the plate each
A rocket standing on its launch platform points straight upward. Its engines are activated and eject gas at a rate of 1500 kg/s. The molecules are expelled with an average speed of 50 km/s. How much
A ball having a mass of 0.500 kg is thrown at a speed of 20 m/s. Determine the magnitude of its momentum.
A projectile experiences a force of 2.0 kN for a time of 3.6 ms. What is the magnitude of the impulse it received?
Imagine an automobile traveling at a speed υ. What happens to its momentum when the speed doubles? What happens to the kinetic energy when the speed doubles? What is the significance of that as
Imagine a space vehicle floating in the void. It fires a small thruster that delivers a forward force of 2000 N for 25.0 s. Determine the resulting change in momentum of the craft. Do you need the
A billiard ball moving at a speed υ1i strikes, head-on, another billiard ball that is at rest. Assuming the collision is completely elastic, show thatυ1i = υ1f + υ2f
A billiard ball moving at a speed υ1i strikes, head-on, another billiard ball that is at rest. Assuming the collision is completely elastic, show that 2 2 V₁₁ = V₁f + V₂ƒ Vi If 2f li
Using the results of the previous two problems, prove that for this particular collisionExplain why it then follows that υ1f = 0 and υ1i = υ2 f ; the balls trade velocities (see Fig. 8-1).

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