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physics
schaums outline of college physics

Questions and Answers of Schaums Outline Of College Physics

In the previous problem, what is the correct numerical value of R, and what are its units?Previous problemLet μ, which is called the molar mass, stand for the mass of 1 mole of gas expressed in
Calculate the rms speed of CO2 molecules at a temperature of 310 K, assuming they behave as an ideal gas.
Write an expression for the total kinetic energy of a gas containing N molecules, in terms of Boltzmann’s Constant. Ignore rotational KE. Show that your answer is equivalent to (3/2)nRT.
Determine the kinetic energy in 1.00 mole of any gas at a temperature of 300 K. Notice that the total kinetic energy is independent of the type of molecule as long as it behaves as does an ideal gas.
An old electronic vacuum tube was sealed off during manufacture at a pressure of 1.2 × 10−7 mmHg at 27 °C. Its volume was 100 cm3. (a) What was the pressure in the tube (in Pa)? (b) How many
The pressure of helium gas in a tube is 0.200 mmHg. If the temperature of the gas is 20 °C, what is the density of the gas? (Use MHe = 4.0 kg/kmol.)
At what temperature will the molecules of an ideal gas have twice the rms speed they have at 20 °C?
An object must have a speed of at least 11.2 km/s to escape from the Earth’s gravitational field. At what temperature will υrms for H2 molecules equal the escape speed? Repeat for N2 molecules.
In a certain region of outer space there are an average of only five molecules per cm3. The temperature there is about 3 K. What is the average pressure of this very dilute gas?
A cube of aluminum has a volume of 1.0 cm3 and a mass of 2.7 g. (a) How many aluminum atoms are there in the cube? (b) How large a volume is associated with each atom? (c) If each atom were a
The rms speed of nitrogen molecules in the air at S.T.P. is about 490 m/s. Find their mean free path and the average time between collisions. The radius of a nitrogen molecule can be taken to be 2.0
What is the mean free path of a gas molecule (radius 2.5 × 10−10 m) in an ideal gas at 500 °C when the pressure is 7.0 × 10−6 mmHg?
(a) How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 250 mL of water from 20.0 °C to 35.0 °C? (b) How much heat is lost by the water as it cools back down to 20.0 °C?
How much heat does 25 g of a metal give off as it cools from 100 °C to 20 °C if c = 880 J/kg·°C.
A certain amount of heat is added to a mass of aluminum (c = 0.21 cal/g·°C), and its temperature is raised 57 °C. Suppose that the same amount of heat is added to the same mass of copper (c =
Two identical metal plates (mass = m, specific heat = c) have different temperatures; one is at 20 °C, and the other is at 90 °C. They are placed in good thermal contact. What is their final
A thermos bottle contains 250 g of coffee at 90 °C. To this is added 20 g of milk at 5 °C. After equilibrium is established, what is the temperature of the liquid? Assume no heat loss to the
A thermos bottle contains 150 g of water at 4 °C. Into this is placed 90 g of metal at 100 °C. After equilibrium is established, the temperature of the water and metal is 21 °C. What is the
A 200-g copper calorimeter can contains 150 g of oil at 20 °C. To the oil is added 80 g of aluminum at 300 °C. What will be the temperature of the system after equilibrium is established? cCu =
Exactly 3.0 g of carbon was burned to CO2 in a copper calorimeter. The mass of the calorimeter is 1500 g, and there is 2000 g of water in the calorimeter. The initial temperature was 20 °C, and the
A 20-g piece of aluminum (c = 0.21 cal/g·°C) at 90 °C is dropped into a cavity in a large block of ice at 0 °C. How much ice does the aluminum melt?
In a calorimeter can (which behaves thermally as if it were equivalent to 40 g of water) are 200 g of water and 50 g of ice, all at exactly 0 °C. Into this is poured 30 g of water at 90 °C. What
An electric heater that produces 900 W of power is used to vaporize water. How much water at 100 °C can be changed to steam at 100 °C in 3.00 min by the heater? (For water at 100 °C, Lυ = 2.26 ×
A 3.00-g bullet (c = 0.030 5 cal/g·°C = 128 J/kg·°C) moving at 180 m/s enters a bag of sand and stops. By what amount does the temperature of the bullet change if all its KE becomes thermal
Suppose a 60-kg person consumes 2500 Cal of food in one day. If the entire heat equivalent of this food were retained by the person’s body, how large a temperature change would it cause? (For the
A thermometer in a 10 m × 8.0 m × 4.0 m room reads 22 °C and a humidistat reads the R.H. to be 35 percent. What mass of water vapor is in the room? Saturated air at 22 °C contains 19.33 g H2O/m3.
On a day when the temperature is 28 °C, moisture forms on the outside of a glass of cold drink if the glass is at a temperature of 16 °C or lower. What is the R.H. on that day? Saturated air at 28
Outside air at 5 °C and 20 percent relative humidity is introduced into a heating and air-conditioning plant where it is heated to 20 °C and its relative humidity is increased to a comfortable 50
Find the density ρ of a fluid at a depth h in terms of its density ρ0 at the surface.
Oil flows through a pipe 8.0 cm in diameter, at an average speed of 4.0 m/s. What is the flow rate, J, in m2/s and m3/h?
Exactly 250 mL of fluid flows out of a tube whose inner diameter is 7.0 mm in a time of 41 s. What is the average speed of the fluid in the tube?
A 14-cm inner diameter (i.d.) water main furnishes water to a 1.00 cm i.d. (i.e., inner diameter) faucet pipe. If the average speed in the faucet pipe is 3.0 cm/s, what will be the average speed it
How much water will flow in 30.0 s through 200 mm of capillary tube of 1.50 mm i.d., if the pressure differential across the tube is 5.00 cm of mercury? The viscosity of water is 0.801 cP and ρ for
An artery in a person has been reduced to half its original inside diameter by deposits on the inner artery wall. By what factor will the blood flow through the artery be reduced if the pressure
Under the same pressure differential, compare the flow of water through a pipe to the flow of SAE No. 10 oil. η for water is 0.801 cP; η for the oil is 200 cP.
Calculate the power output of the heart if, in each heartbeat, it pumps 75 mL of blood at an average pressure of 100 mmHg. Assume 65 heartbeats per minute.
What volume of water will escape per minute from an open-top tank through an opening 3.0 cm in diameter that is 5.0 m below the water level in the tank? (See Fig. 14-1.) انه PA | 5.0 m
An open water tank in air springs a leak at position-2 in Fig. 14-2, where the pressure due to the water at position-1 is 500 kPa. What is the velocity of escape of the water through the hole? Fig.
Water flows at the rate of 30 mL/s through an opening at the bottom of a large tank in which the water is 4.0 m deep. Calculate the rate of escape of the water if an added pressure of 50 kPa is
How much work W is done by a pump in raising 5.00 m3 of water 20.0 m and forcing it into a main at a gauge pressure of 150 kPa?
A horizontal pipe has a constriction in it, as shown in Fig. 14-3. At point-1 the diameter is 6.0 cm, while at point-2 it is only 2.0 cm. At point-1, ν1 = 2.0 m/s and P1 = 180 kPa. Calculate ν1
What must be the gauge pressure in a large-diameter hose if the nozzle is to shoot water straight upward to a height of 30.0 m?
The pipe shown in Fig. 14-4 has a diameter of 16 cm at section-1 and 10 cm at section-2. At section-1 the pressure is 200 kPa. Point-2 is 6.0 m higher than point-1. When oil of density 800 kg/m3
At what rate does water flow from a 0.80 cm i.d. faucet if the water (or gauge) pressure is 200 kPa?
A venturi meter equipped with a differential mercury manometer is shown in Fig. 14-5. At the inlet, point-1, the diameter is 12 cm, while at the throat, point-2, the diameter is 6.0 cm. What is the
At what other frequencies will the tube described in Problem 22.12 resonate?Problem 22.12Compression waves (sound waves) are sent down an air-filled tube 90 cm long and closed at one end. The tube
A metal rod 40 cm long is dropped, end first, onto a wooden floor and rebounds into the air. Compression waves of many frequencies are thereby set up in the bar. If the speed of compression waves in
A pipe 90 cm long is open at both ends. How long must a second pipe, closed at one end, be if it is to have the same fundamental resonance frequency as the open pipe?
A glass tube that is 70.0 cm long is open at both ends. Find the frequencies at which it will resonate when driven by sound waves that have a speed of 340 m/s.
The average person can hear sound waves ranging in frequency from about 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Determine the wavelengths at these limits, taking the speed of sound to be 340 m/s.
Radio station WJR broadcasts at 760 kHz. The speed of radio waves is 3.00 × 108 m/s. What is the wavelength of WJR’s waves?
Radar waves with 3.4 cm wavelength are sent out from a transmitter. Their speed is 3.00 × 108 m/s. What is their frequency?
A string has its tension doubled; all else kept constant, what happens to the speed of transverse waves that can be set up on the string?
A string has its total mass doubled; all else kept constant, what happens to the speed of transverse waves that can be set up on the string?
A string has both its total mass and length doubled; all else kept constant, what happens to the speed of transverse waves that can be set up on the string?
A transverse wave is set up on a taut string. Its free end is wiggled up and down at a rate of 10.0 cycles every second. What happens to the wavelength of the waves when the oscillation rate is
A light cord 10.0 m long has a mass of 50.0 g. It hangs vertically off the roof of a building. A man holding the bottom end of the cord pulls down on it with a force of 200 N. He flicks the end
The wave shown in Fig. 22-9 is being sent out by a 60-cycle/s vibrator. Find the following for the wave: (a) Amplitude, (b) Frequency, (c) Wavelength, (d) Speed, (e) Period. y
When driven by a 120-Hz vibrator, a string has transverse waves of 31 cm wavelength traveling along it. (a) What is the speed of the waves on the string? (b) If the tension in the string is 1.20 N,
Show that the units are correct in Eqs. (22.4) and (22.5). [compression waves in solids and liquids] v = (B/p)¹ (22.4)
A copper wire 2.4 mm in diameter is 3.0 m long and is used to suspend a 2.0-kg mass from a beam. If a transverse disturbance is sent along the wire by striking it lightly with a pencil, how fast will
An explosion under the ocean creates a compression wave. Given that the bulk modulus for seawater is 2.1 GPa, how fast does the wave travel?
Show that the fundamental frequency of a taut string on a musical instrument is given by 1/2 f₁=(1/2L)[Fr/(m/L)]"
Someone bangs on the end of a long gold rod with a hammer, creating a compression wave. How fast does it travel?
A string 180-cm-long resonates in a standing wave that has three segments when driven by a 270-Hz vibrator. What is the speed of the waves on the string?
A string resonates in three segments at a frequency of 165 Hz. What frequency must be used if it is to resonate in four segments?
A flexible cable, 30 m long and weighing 70 N, is stretched by a force of 2.0 kN. If the cable is struck sideways at one end, how long will it take the transverse wave to travel to the other end and
(a) At what point should a stretched string be plucked to make its fundamental tone most prominent? At what point should it be plucked and then at what point touched (b) To make its first overtone
What must be the length of an iron rod that has the fundamental frequency 320 Hz when clamped at its center? Assume longitudinal vibration at a speed of 5.00 km/s.
A rod 120 cm long is clamped at the center and is stroked in such a way as to give its first overtone. Make a drawing showing the location of the nodes and antinodes, and determine at what other
A metal bar 6.0 m long, clamped at its center and vibrating longitudinally in such a manner that it gives its first overtone, vibrates in unison with a tuning fork marked 1200 vibration/s. Compute
Determine the length of the shortest air column in a cylindrical jar that will strongly reinforce the sound of a tuning fork having a vibration rate of 512 Hz. Use υ = 340 m/s for the speed of sound
A long, narrow pipe closed at one end does not resonate to a tuning fork having a frequency of 300 Hz until the length of the air column reaches 28 cm. (a) What is the speed of sound in air at the
An organ pipe closed at one end is 61.0 cm long. What are the frequencies of the first three overtones if υ for sound is 342 m/s?

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