Question: A study compared three display panels used by air traffic controllers. Each display panel was tested for four different simulated emergency conditions. Twenty-four highly trained
A study compared three display panels used by air traffic controllers. Each display panel was tested for four different simulated emergency conditions. Twenty-four highly trained air traffic controllers were used in the study. Two controllers were randomly assigned to each display panelemergency condition combination. The time (in seconds) required to stabilize the emergency condition was recorded. The following table gives the resulting data and the JMP output of a two-way ANOVA of the data.
| Emergency Condition | ||||
| Display Panel | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| A | 17 | 25 | 31 | 14 |
| 14 | 24 | 35 | 13 | |
| B | 15 | 22 | 28 | 9 |
| 12 | 19 | 31 | 10 | |
| C | 21 | 29 | 32 | 15 |
| 24 | 28 | 37 | 19 | |
| Least Squares Means Estimates | |||
| Panel | Estimate | Condition | Estimate |
| A | 21.500000 | 1 | 17.166670 |
| B | 18.375000 | 2 | 24.666670 |
| C | 25.625000 | 3 | 32.166670 |
| 4 | 13.333300 | ||
| Analysis of Variance | ||||
| Source | DF | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F Ratio |
| Model | 11 | 1,480.3333 | 134.576 | 30.4700 |
| Error | 12 | 53.0000 | 4.417 | Prob > F |
| C. Total | 23 | 1,533.3333 | <.0001* | |
| Effect Tests | |||||
| Source | Nparm | DF | Sum of Squares | F Ratio | Prob > F |
| Panel | 2 | 2 | 211.5833 | 23.9528 | <.0001* |
| Condition | 3 | 3 | 1,253.0000 | 94.5660 | <.0001* |
| Panel* Condition | 6 | 6 | 15.7500 | 0.5943 | 0.7298 |
Tukey HSD All Pairwise Comparisons
Quantile = 2.66776, Adjusted DF = 12.0, Adjustment = Tukey
| Panel | -Panel | Difference | Std Error | t Ratio | Prob>|t| | Lower 95% | Upper 95% |
| A | B | 3.12500 | 1.050793 | 2.97 | 0.0290* | 0.3217 | 5.92826 |
| A | C | 4.12500 | 1.050793 | 3.93 | 0.0053* | 6.9283 | 1.32174 |
| B | C | 7.25000 | 1.050793 | 6.90 | < .0001* | 10.0533 | 4.44674 |
Tukey HSD All Pairwise Comparisons
Quantile = 2.9688, Adjusted DF = 12.0, Adjustment = Tukey
| Condition | -Condition | Difference | Std Error | t Ratio | Prob>|t| | Lower 95% | Upper 95% |
| 1 | 2 | 7.5000 | 1.213352 | 6.18 | 0.0002* | 11.1022 | 3.8978 |
| 1 | 3 | 15.0000 | 1.213352 | 12.36 | < .0001* | 18.6022 | 11.3978 |
| 1 | 4 | 3.8333 | 1.213352 | 3.16 | 0.0359* | 0.2311 | 7.4355 |
| 2 | 3 | 7.5000 | 1.213352 | 6.18 | 0.0002* | 11.1022 | 3.8978 |
| 2 | 4 | 11.3333 | 1.213352 | 9.34 | < .0001* | 7.7311 | 14.9355 |
| 3 | 4 | 18.8333 | 1.213352 | 15.52 | < .0001* | 15.2311 | 22.4355 |
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(g) Calculate a 95 percent (individual) confidence interval for the mean time required to stabilize emergency condition 4 using display panel B. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
Confidence interval = (?,?)
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