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computer science
systems analysis and design 12th
Questions and Answers of
Systems Analysis And Design 12th
For the common-source amplifier in Figure P4.22, the transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=-0.8 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). The circuit parameters are
The transistor in the common-source circuit in Figure P4.22 has the same parameters as given in Problem 4.22. The circuit parameters are \(V_{D D}=5 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(R_{D}=R_{L}=2 \mathrm{k}
Consider the PMOS common-source circuit in Figure P4.24 with transistor parameters \(V_{T P}=-2 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(\lambda=0\), and circuit parameters \(R_{D}=R_{L}=\) \(10 \mathrm{k} \Omega\).(a)
For the common-source circuit in Figure P4.24, the bias voltages are changed to \(V^{+}=3 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(V^{-}=-3 \mathrm{~V}\). The PMOS transistor parameters are: \(V_{T P}=-0.5 \mathrm{~V},
Design the common-source circuit in Figure P4.26 using an n-channel MOSFET with \(\lambda=0\). The quiescent values are to be \(I_{D Q}=6 \mathrm{~mA}\), \(V_{G S Q}=2.8 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(V_{D S
For the common-source amplifier shown in Figure P4.27, the transistor parameters are \(V_{T P}=-1.2 \mathrm{~V}, K_{p}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0.03 \mathrm{~V}^{-1}\). The
For the circuit shown in Figure P4.28, the transistor parameters are: \(V_{T P}=0.8 \mathrm{~V}, K_{p}=0.25 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). (a) Design the circuit such that \(I_{D
Design a common-source amplifier, such as that in Figure P4.29, to achieve a small-signal voltage gain of at least \(A_{v}=v_{o} / v_{i}=-10\) for \(R_{L}=20 \mathrm{k} \Omega\) and \(R_{\text {in
The small-signal parameters of an enhancement-mode MOSFET source follower are \(g_{m}=5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}\) and \(r_{o}=100 \mathrm{k} \Omega\). (a) Determine the no-load small-signal voltage
The open-circuit \(\left(R_{L}=\infty\right)\) voltage gain of the ac equivalent sourcefollower circuit shown in Figure P4.31 is \(A_{v}=0.98\). When \(R_{L}\) is set to \(1 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), the
Consider the source-follower circuit in Figure P4.31. The small-signal parameters of the transistor are \(g_{m}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}\) and \(r_{o}=25 \mathrm{k} \Omega\). (a) Determine the
The source follower amplifier in Figure P4.33 is biased at \(V^{+}=1.5 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(V^{-}=-1.5 \mathrm{~V}\). The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}\), \(k_{n}^{\prime}=100
Consider the circuit in Figure P4.34. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). The circuit is to be designed
The quiescent power dissipation in the circuit in Figure P4.35 is to be limited to \(2.5 \mathrm{~mW}\). The parameters of the transistor are \(V_{T N}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}\), \(k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu
The parameters of the circuit in Figure P4.36 are \(R_{S}=4 \mathrm{k} \Omega, R_{1}=850 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), \(R_{2}=350 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), and \(R_{L}=4 \mathrm{k} \Omega\). The transistor
Consider the source follower circuit in Figure P4.37 with transistor parameters \(V_{T N}=0.8 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, W / L=20\), and \(\lambda=0.02
For the source-follower circuit shown in Figure P4.37, the transistor parameters are: \(V_{T N}=1 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=60 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). The small-signal
In the source-follower circuit in Figure P4.39 with a depletion NMOS transistor, the device parameters are: \(V_{T N}=-2 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n}=5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0.01
For the circuit in Figure P4.39, \(R_{S}=1 \mathrm{k} \Omega\) and the quiescent drain current is \(I_{D Q}=5 \mathrm{~mA}\). The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=-2 \mathrm{~V}\),
For the source-follower circuit in Figure P4.39, the transistor parameters are: \(V_{T N}=-2 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n}=4 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). Design the circuit such that
The current source in the source-follower circuit in Figure P4.42 is \(I_{Q}=10 \mathrm{~mA}\) and the transistor parameters are \(V_{T P}=-2 \mathrm{~V}, K_{p}=5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and
Consider the source-follower circuit shown in Figure P4.43. The most negative output signal voltage occurs when the transistor just cuts off. Show that this output voltage \(v_{o}(\mathrm{~min})\) is
The transistor in the circuit in Figure P4.44 has parameters \(V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}\), \(K_{n}=0.5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). The circuit parameters are \(V_{D D}=3
Figure P4.45 is the ac equivalent circuit of a common-gate amplifier. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\).
The transistor in the common-gate circuit in Figure P4.46 has the same parameters that are given in Problem 4.45. The output resistance \(R_{o}\) is tobe \(500 \Omega\) and the drain-to-source
The small-signal parameters of the NMOS transistor in the ac equivalent common-gate circuit shown in Figure P4.47 are \(V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\),
For the common-gate circuit in Figure P4.48, the NMOS transistor parameters are: \(V_{T N}=1 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n}=3 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). (a) Determine \(I_{D Q}\) and
Consider the PMOS common-gate circuit in Figure P4.49. The transistor parameters are: \(V_{T P}=-1 \mathrm{~V}, K_{p}=0.5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). (a) Determine \(R_{S}\)
The transistor parameters of the NMOS device in the common-gate amplifier in Figure P4.50 are \(V_{T N}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). (a)
The parameters of the circuit shown in Figure 4.32 are \(V^{+}=3.3 \mathrm{~V}\), \(V^{-}=-3.3 \mathrm{~V}, R_{G}=50 \mathrm{k} \Omega, R_{L}=4 \mathrm{k} \Omega, R_{\mathrm{Si}}=0\), and \(I_{Q}=2
For the common-gate amplifier in Figure 4.35 in the text, the PMOS transistor parameters are \(V_{T P}=-0.8 \mathrm{~V}, K_{p}=2.5 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). The circuit
Consider the NMOS amplifier with saturated load in Figure 4.39(a). The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N D}=V_{T N L}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2},
For the NMOS amplifier with depletion load in Figure 4.43(a), the transistor parameters are \(V_{T N D}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}, V_{T N L}=-0.8 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n D}=1.2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\),
Consider a saturated load device in which the gate and drain of an enhancement-mode MOSFET are connected together. The transistor drain current becomes zero when \(V_{D S}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}\). (a) At
A source-follower circuit with a saturated load is shown in Figure P4.57. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N D}=1 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n D}=1 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\) for \(M_{D}\), and \(V_{T
For the source-follower circuit with a saturated load as shown in Figure P4.57, assume the same transistor parameters as given in Problem 4.57. (a) Determine the small-signal voltage gain if
The transistor parameters for the common-source circuit in Figure P4.59 are \(V_{T N D}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, \quad V_{T P L}=-0.4 \mathrm{~V}, \quad(W / L)_{L}=50, \quad \lambda_{D}=0.02
Consider the circuit in Figure P4.60. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T P D}=-0.6 \mathrm{~V}, \quad V_{T N L}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, \quad k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, \quad
The ac equivalent circuit of a CMOS common-source amplifier is shown in Figure P4.61. The transistor parameters for \(M_{1}\) are \(V_{T N}=0.5 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=\) \(85 \mu \mathrm{A} /
Consider the ac equivalent circuit of a CMOS common-source amplifier shown in Figure P4.62. The parameters of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are the same as given in Problem 4.61. Determine the
The parameters of the transistors in the circuit in Figure \(\mathrm{P} 4.63\) are \(V_{T N D}=\) \(V_{T N L}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n D}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, K_{n L}=0.5 \mathrm{~mA} /
Consider the source-follower circuit in Figure P4.64. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T P}=-0.4 \mathrm{~V}, k_{p}^{\prime}=40 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2},(W / L)_{L}=5,(W / L)_{D}=50\), and
Figure P4.65 shows a common-gate amplifier. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}, V_{T P}=-0.6 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, K_{p}=0.5 \mathrm{~mA} /
The ac equivalent circuit of a CMOS common-gate circuit is shown in Figure P4.66. The parameters of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are the same as given in Problem 4.61. Determine the (a) small-signal
The circuit in Figure P4.67 is a simplified ac equivalent circuit of a foldedcascode amplifier. The transistor parameters are \(\left|V_{T N}\right|=\left|V_{T P}\right|=0.5 \mathrm{~V}\),
The transistor parameters in the circuit in Figure P4.68 are \(V_{T N 1}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}\), \(V_{T P 2}=-0.6 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n 1}=0.2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, K_{p 2}=1.0 \mathrm{~mA} /
The transistor parameters in the circuit in Figure P4.68 are the same as those given in Problem 4.68. The circuit parameters are \(V_{D D}=3.3 \mathrm{~V}\), \(R_{S 1}=1 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), and
Consider the circuit shown in Figure P4.70. The transistor parameters are \(V_{T P 1}=-0.4 \mathrm{~V}, \quad V_{T N 2}=0.4 \mathrm{~V}, \quad(W / L)_{1}=20, \quad(W / L)_{2}=80\),
For the circuit in Figure P4.71, the transistor parameters are: \(K_{n 1}=\) \(K_{n 2}=4 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}, V_{T N 1}=V_{T N 2}=2 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda_{1}=\lambda_{2}=0\). (a)
For the cascode circuit in Figure 4.51 in the text, the transistor parameters are: \(V_{T N 1}=V_{T N 2}=1 \mathrm{~V}, K_{n 1}=K_{n 2}=2 \mathrm{~mA} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and
The supply voltages to the cascode circuit in Figure 4.51 in the text are changed to \(V^{+}=10 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(V^{-}=-10 \mathrm{~V}\). The transistor parameters are: \(K_{n 1}=K_{n 2}=4
Consider the JFET amplifier in Figure 4.53 with transistor parameters \(I_{D S S}=6 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=-3 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0.01 \mathrm{~V}^{-1}\). Let \(V_{D D}=10 \mathrm{~V}\). (a)
For the JFET amplifier in Figure P4.75, the transistor parameters are: \(I_{D S S}=2 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=-2 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0\). Determine \(g_{m}, A_{v}=v_{o} / v_{i}\), and
The parameters of the transistor in the JFET common-source amplifier shown in Figure P4.76 are: \(I_{D S S}=8 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=-4.2 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0\). Let \(V_{D D}=20 \mathrm{~V}\)
Consider the source-follower JFET amplifier in Figure P4.77 with transistor parameters \(I_{D S S}=10 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=-5 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0.01 \mathrm{~V}^{-1}\). Let \(V_{D D}=12
For the p-channel JFET source-follower circuit in Figure P4.78, the transistor parameters are: \(I_{D S S}=2 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=+1.75 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0\). (a) Determine \(I_{D Q}\) and
The p-channel JFET common-source amplifier in Figure P4.79 has transistor parameters \(I_{D S S}=8 \mathrm{~mA}, V_{P}=4 \mathrm{~V}\), and \(\lambda=0\). Design the circuit such that \(I_{D Q}=4
Consider the common-source circuit described in Example 4.5. (a) Using a computer simulation, verify the results obtained in Example 4.5. (b) Determine the change in the results when the body effect
Using a computer simulation, verify the results of Example 4.7 for the source-follower amplifier.Data From Example 4.7:- Calculate the small-signal voltage gain of the source-follower circuit in
Using a computer simulation, verify the results of Example 4.10 for the common-gate amplifier.Data From Example 4.10:- For the common-gate circuit, determine the output voltage for a given input
Using a computer simulation, verify the results of Example 4.17 for the cascode amplifier.Data From Example 4.17:- Determine the small-signal voltage gain of a cascode circuit. Consider the cascode
A discrete common-source circuit with the configuration shown in Figure 4.17 is to be designed to provide a voltage gain of 18 and a symmetrical output voltage swing. The bias voltage is \(V_{D
Consider the common-gate amplifier shown in Figure 4.35. The power supply voltages are \(\pm 5 \mathrm{~V}\), the output resistance of the signal source is \(500 \Omega\), and the input resistance of
A source-follower amplifier with the configuration shown in Figure 4.31 is to be designed. The power supplies are to be \(\pm 12 \mathrm{~V}\). The transistor parameters are \(V_{T N}=1.2
Consider the multitransistor circuit in Figure 4.49. Assume transistor parameters of \(V_{T N}=0.6 \mathrm{~V}, k_{n}^{\prime}=100 \mu \mathrm{A} / \mathrm{V}^{2}\), and \(\lambda=0\). Design the
Describe an intrinsic semiconductor material. What is meant by the intrinsic carrier concentration?
Describe the concept of an electron and a hole as charge carriers in the semiconductor material.
Describe an extrinsic semiconductor material. What is the electron concentration in terms of the donor impurity concentration? What is the hole concentration in terms of the acceptor impurity
Describe the concepts of drift current and diffusion current in a semiconductor material.
How is a pn junction formed? What is meant by a built-in potential barrier, and how is it formed?
How is a junction capacitance created in a reverse-biased pn junction diode?
Write the ideal diode current-voltage relationship. Describe the meaning of \(I_{S}\) and \(V_{T}\).
Describe the iteration method of analysis and when it must be used to analyze a diode circuit.
Describe the piecewise linear model of a diode and why it is useful. What is the diode turn-on voltage?
Define a load line in a simple diode circuit.
Under what conditions is the small-signal model of a diode used in the analysis of a diode circuit?
Describe the operation of a simple solar cell circuit.
How do the \(i-v\) characteristics of a Schottky barrier diode differ from those of a pn junction diode?
What characteristic of a Zener diode is used in the design of a Zener diode circuit?
Describe the characteristics of a photodiode and a photodiode circuit.
(a) Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration in silicon at (i) \(T=250 \mathrm{~K}\) and (ii) \(T=350 \mathrm{~K}\).(b) Repeat part (a) for gallium arsenide.
(a) The intrinsic carrier concentration in silicon is to be no larger than \(n_{i}=10^{12} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). Determine the maximum allowable temperature.(b) Repeat part (a) for \(n_{i}=10^{9}
Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration in silicon and germanium at (a) \(T=100 \mathrm{~K}\), (b) \(T=300 \mathrm{~K}\), and (c) \(T=500 \mathrm{~K}\).
(a) Find the concentration of electrons and holes in a sample of germanium that has a concentration of donor atoms equal to \(10^{15} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). Is the semiconductor n-type or p-type?(b)
Gallium arsenide is doped with acceptor impurity atoms at a concentration of \(10^{16} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\).(a) Find the concentration of electrons and holes. Is the semiconductor n-type or p-type?(b)
Silicon is doped with \(5 \times 10^{16}\) arsenic atoms \(/ \mathrm{cm}^{3}\).(a) Is the material \(\mathrm{n}\) - or p-type?(b) Calculate the electron and hole concentrations at \(T=300
(a) Calculate the concentration of electrons and holes in silicon that has a concentration of acceptor atoms equal to \(5 \times 10^{16} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). Is the semiconductor n-type or p-type?(b)
A silicon sample is fabricated such that the hole concentration is \(p_{o}=2 \times 10^{17} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). (a) Should boron or arsenic atoms be added to the intrinsic silicon? (b) What
The electron concentration in silicon at \(T=300 \mathrm{~K}\) is \(n_{o}=5 \times 10^{15} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\).(a) Determine the hole concentration. (b) Is the material n-type or p-type?(c) What is
(a) A silicon semiconductor material is to be designed such that the majority carrier electron concentration is \(n_{o}=7 \times 10^{15} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). Should donor or acceptor impurity atoms
(a) The applied electric field in p-type silicon is \(E=10 \mathrm{~V} / \mathrm{cm}\). The semiconductor conductivity is \(\sigma=1.5(\Omega-\mathrm{cm})^{-1}\) and the cross-sectional area is
A drift current density of \(120 \mathrm{~A} / \mathrm{cm}^{2}\) is established in n-type silicon with an applied electric field of \(18 \mathrm{~V} / \mathrm{cm}\). If the electron and hole
An n-type silicon material has a resistivity of \(ho=0.65 \Omega-\mathrm{cm}\). (a) If the electron mobility is \(\mu_{n}=1250 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} / \mathrm{V}-\mathrm{s}\), what is the concentration of
(a) The required conductivity of a silicon material must be \(\sigma=1.5(\Omega-\mathrm{cm})^{-1}\). If \(\mu_{n}=1000 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} / \mathrm{V}-\mathrm{s}\) and \(\mu_{p}=375 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} /
In GaAs, the mobilities are \(\mu_{n}=8500 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} / \mathrm{V}-\mathrm{s}\) and \(\mu_{p}=400 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} / \mathrm{V}-\mathrm{s}\). (a) Determine the range in conductivity for a range
The electron and hole concentrations in a sample of silicon are shown in Figure P1.16. Assume the electron and hole mobilities are the same as in Problem 1.12. Determine the total diffusion current
The hole concentration in silicon is given by\[p(x)=10^{4}+10^{15} \exp \left(-x / L_{p}\right) \quad x \geq 0\]The value of \(L_{p}\) is \(10 \mu \mathrm{m}\). The hole diffusion coefficient is
GaAs is doped to \(N_{a}=10^{17} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). (a) Calculate \(n_{o}\) and \(p_{o}\). (b) Excess electrons and holes are generated such that \(\delta n=\delta p=10^{15} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\).
Consider a silicon pn junction. The \(\mathrm{n}\)-region is doped to a value of \(N_{d}=10^{16} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). The built-in potential barrier is to be \(V_{b i}=0.712 \mathrm{~V}\). Determine
The donor concentration in the n-region of a silicon pn junction is \(N_{d}=10^{16} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}\). Plot \(V_{b i}\) versus \(N_{a}\) over the range \(10^{15} \leq N_{a} \leq 10^{18}
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