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Niebels Methods, Standards and Work Design 13th edition Andris Freivalds, Benjamin Niebel - Solutions
P&S has implemented a lift table for its soap box palletizing operation. The selected spring compresses itself with each row load so as to maintain a constant vertical height of 30 inches. The conveyor surface was also raised to a 30 inch height. In addition, each soap box (12"x12"x24", weight 20
In the packing department, a worker stands sideways between the end of a conveyor and pallet. The surface of the conveyor is 40 inches from the floor and the top of the pallet is 6 inches from the floor. As a box moves to the end of the conveyor the worker twists 90E to pick up the box, then twists
For problem #2 calculate the low back compressive forces incurred the performance of this job using the University of Michigan 3-Dimensional Static Strength Prediction Model.
A 95th percentile male is holding a 20 lb load in his outstretched arm in 90E abduction. What is the voluntary torque required at the shoulder to be able to hold this load?
A worker is shoveling sand at a rate of 8 kcal/min. How much rest does he during an 8 hour shift. How should the rest be allocated?
A current problem in the U.S. Army is the neck/shoulder fatigue experienced by helicopter pilots. To be able to fly missions at night, the pilots wear night vision goggles, which are attached to the front of the helmet. Unfortunately, these are fairly heavy, causing a large downward torque of the
The laborer on the palletizing operation has been complaining about fatigue and the lack of rest. You measure his heart rate and find it to be 130 beats/min and slowly increasing during work. When he sits down, the heart rates dropped to 125 beats/min by the end of the first minute of rest and 120
A grievance has been filed by the union at Dorben Co. regarding the final inspection station, in which the operator slightly lifts a 20 lb assembly, examines all sides, and, if acceptable, sets it back down on the conveyor, where the assembly goes to the packing station. The inspector examines, on
A relatively unfit worker with resting heart rate of 80 beats/min starts his job of palletizing boxes. At the morning break, an industrial engineer quickly measures the worker's heart rate and finds a peak value of 110 beats/min one minute after stopping work and a value of 95 beats/min three
What seat width would accommodate 90% of adults?
What does Warrick's principle refer to in designing controls and displays?
What is the optimum line of sight?
List three principles for arranging components on a panel.
What is the range effect?
List the three principles for effective control-display compatibility.
What is operational coding?
What is the main disadvantage of tactile controls?
What is control movement without system response known as?
If the CR ratio is increased from 1.0 to 4.0, what happens to travel time, adjust time and total time?
What are the three most important task factors leading to cumulative trauma disorders?
Compare and contrast the three different design strategies.
What is the most important factor leading to white finger?
What is trigger finger?
Describe the progression of the disease state for carpal tunnel syndrome.
Design an ergonomic handle indicating all of the principles used in the design.
What are the key concerns in the design of a power tool?
Explain how a proper work surface height would be determined.
What are the most critical features in a good ergonomic chair? Which should be adjustable?
What is the principle behind the design of a saddle seat?
What is lordosis and how does it relate to a lumbar pad?
What is the principle behind anti-fatigue mats?
What is the principle behind the proper layout of bins, parts, and tools on a work surface?
What is a fixture so important in workplace? List as many reasons as possible.
Because of the Challenger disaster, NASA has decided to include a personal escape launch for each of the space shuttle astronauts. Because space is at a premium, proper anthropometric design is crucial. Also, because of budget restrictions, the design is to be non-adjustable, i.e., the same design
You are asked to design a control/display panel for above NASA escape launch. After the initial escape, propulsion is used to decelerate against the earth's gravitational field. The parachute can only be released within a given, narrow altitude range. Arrange the seven displays/controls, using the
The Dorben Foundry uses an overhead crane with a magnetic head to load scrap iron into their blast furnace. The crane operator uses various levers to control the three degrees of freedom needed for the crane and its magnetic head. Also a control is needed to activate/deactivate the magnetic pull of
The following are data on two different control response set ups. Based on this data, what is the optimum CR ratio for each set up? Which set up would you recommend as best?
In a small manufacturing plant, the soldering iron shown below is used to solder connections on a large vertical panel. Several musculoskeletal injuries have been reported on this job over the last year in addition to many operator complaints. In general, it seems that:a) It is difficult to see the
Use the CTD risk index to calculate the potential risk for injury for the right hand on the following jobs shown on the CD or website: a) Stamping extrusions - assume a grip force of 30% MVC b) Stamping end couplings - assume a grip force of 15% MVC c) Flashlight assembly - assume a grip force of
The worker shown below is driving 4 screws into a panel with a powered driver. His production quota is 2,300 panels per 8-h shift. What specific ergonomic problems are found on this job? For each problem:(a) Specify an ergonomics improvement that would correct the problem(b) Provide a specific
The worker shown below is using a 10-lb pneumatic nut runner to tighten nuts within a tractor cab compartment. What health and safety problems are likely to result from her job? Evaluate the job and the workstation identifying both good and bad work design features. If good, indicate the principles
The worker shown below is grinding down the sharp metal edges resulting from punching out the metal frame for HP printers. The printer weighs 15 lbs and the standard time for her job is 0.2 min.a) What common health and safety problems are likely to result from her job?b) What are the four basic
What factors affect the quantity of light that is needed to perform a task satisfactorily?
Distinguish between broadband noise and meaningful noise.
Would you advocate background music at the workstation? What results would you anticipate?
According to the present OSHA law, how many continuous hours per day of a 100 dBA sound level would be permissible?
What three classifications have been identified from the standpoint of exposure to vibration?
In what ways can workers be protected from vibration?
What is meant by the environmental temperature?
Explain what is meant by the 'thermal comfort zone'?
What is the maximum rise in body temperature that analysts should allow?
How would you go about estimating the maximum length of time that a worker should be exposed to a particular heat environment?
What is WBGT?
Explain the color rendering effect of low pressure sodium lamps.
What is the WBGT with a dry-bulb temperature of 80EF, a wet-bulb temperature of 70EF, and a globe temperature of 100EF?
Which type of radiation is given the most attention by the safety engineer?
What is meant by absorbed dose of radiation? What is the unit of absorbed dose?
What is meant by the rem?
What steps would you take to increase the amount of light in an assembly department by about 15 percent? The department currently uses fluorescent fixtures, and the walls and ceiling are painted a medium green. The assembly benches are a dark brown.
What color combination would you use to attract attention to a new product being displayed?
When would you advocate that the company purchase aluminized clothing?
Are there possible health hazards in conjunction with electron beam machining? With laser beam machining? Explain.
Explain the impact of noise levels below 85 dBA on office work.
What environmental factors affect heat stress? How can they each be measured?
What is the relationship between contrast and visibility?
How would you determined if a job has excessive heat load on the worker?
What foot candle intensity would you recommend 30 inches above the floor in the company washroom?
Explain how sales may be influenced by colors.
What color has the highest visibility?
How is sound energy dissipated in viscoelastic materials?
A frequency of 2,000 Hz would have approximately what wavelength in meters?
What would be the approximate decibel value of a grinder being used to grind a high carbon steel?
A work area has a reflectivity of 60 percent, based on the color combinations of the workstations and the immediate environment. The seeing task of the assembly work could be classified as difficult. What would be your recommended illumination?
How much louder is an 80 dB noise than a 60 dB noise?
What is the increase in dBs of a noise that doubles in intensity?
A supervisor is sitting at her desk illuminated by a 180 candela source 3 feet above it. She is writing with green ink (reflectance=30%) on a yellow note pad (reflectance=60%). What is the illumination on the note pad? Is that sufficient? If not, what amount of illumination is need? What is the
How much ventilation would be recommended for a classroom of area 1,000 ft2 with 12 foot ceilings? Assume that the class size may reach 40 students.
John Smith experiences an 8-hour noise dose of 120% by spending four hours in Room #1 with a known noise level of 92 dBA and another four hours in Room #2 with an unknown noise level. What is the noise level in Room #2? What should the noise level be in Room #2 for John Smith to remain within OSHA
A student is studying for the IE 327 exam. A small lamp (10 candelas or 25 lumens) is located about 24 inches above a textbook and the student's eyes are about 20 inches from the textbook. The textbook page has a reflectance of 80%. The 10 pt typeface is 3/16 inches high. What is the visual angle
A field worker in Florida is loading orange crates into trucks. It is quite hot and humid with wet bulb temperature = 82?F, globe temperature = 87?F, and dry bulb temperature = 82?F. It is estimated that each lift of the 30 lb box requires 0.67 kcal of energy. He is expected to load 10 boxes/min.
The following environmental conditions were measured at the palletizing operation worksite. Evaluate the situation and calculate how long a worker can safely perform the task. Assume that box loading requires about 5 kcal/min in energy. Illumination = 20 fc; Noise level = 92 dBA; Air temperature =
What is the combined noise level of two sounds of 86 and 96 decibels?
In the Dorben Company, an industrial engineer designed a workstation where the seeing task was difficult because of the size of the components going into the assembly. The desired brightness was 100 foot Lamberts and the workstation was painted a medium green having a reflectance of 50 percent.
In the Dorben Company, an industrial engineer was assigned to alter the work methods in the press department to meet OSHA standards relative to permissible noise exposures. The IE found a time weighted average sound level of 100 db. The 20 operators in this department wore earplugs provided by
In the Dorben Co., an all-day study revealed the following noise sources: 0.5 hrs., 100 dBA; 1 hr., less than 80 dBA; 3.5 hrs., 90 dBA; 3 hrs., 92 dBA. Is this company in compliance? What is the dose exposure? What is the TWA noise level?
Consider that the last exposure is in press room which currently has five presses operating. Assuming that Dorben Co. can eliminate some of the presses and transfer production to the remaining presses, how many presses should Dorben eliminate so as not to exceed 100% dose exposure for the workers?
What is the illumination on a surface 6 inches from a 2 candela source?
What is the luminance of a surface having a 50% reflectance and 4 foot candle illumination?
What is the contrast created by black text (reflectance=10%) on white paper (reflectance=90%)?
How can the informational content of a task be quantified?
What is compatibility? Give two everyday examples of compatibility.
Compare and contrast the different types of attention.
What is the inverted-U curve in attention?
Under what conditions are auditory displays best used?
What is the difference between absolute and relative judgement? What is the limitation in absolute judgment?
What is the just noticeable difference and how does it relate to the level of the stimulus?
Why is redundancy utilized for critical stimuli?
Why is a fixed-scale, moving-pointer display preferred?
What is the purpose of using patterns for a set of dials in a control room?
What key features are used to increase attention in a visual display?
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