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Niebels Methods, Standards and Work Design 13th edition Andris Freivalds, Benjamin Niebel - Solutions
Why is the time of day recorded on the time study form?
How is a large variation in the sequence of elemental time recordings handled?
Explain what a foreign element is and how foreign elements are handled under the continuous method
What factors enter into the determination of the number of cycles to observe?
Why is it necessary to rate the operator?
What benchmark is used for standard pace?
When should individual elements of each cycle be rated?
Define a qualified operator.
For what reasons are allowances applied to the normal time?
What is the significance of a 'circled' elapsed time?
What steps are taken in the computation of a time study conducted by the continuous overall performance rating procedure?
How does the walking pace of 3 mi/hr agree with your concept of standard performance?
Define the term standard time.
Why is it usually more convenient to express standards in time per hundred pieces rather than time per piece?
For which reasons are temporary standards established?
Which elements of work are included in the setup standard?
Why should the supervisor sign the time study?
What are the effects of poor time standards?
What equipment is needed by the time study analyst?
What features of the PDA make it attractive to time study analysts?
How can the metronome be used as a training tool for performance rating?
What considerations should be given to the choice of the operator to be studied?
Why is it essential to record complete information on tools and the facility on the time study form?
Based upon Table 10-2, how many observations should be taken on an operation whose annual activity is 750 pieces and whose cycle time is estimated at 15 minutes?
Based on the data provided in Figure 10-8, what would be the efficiency of an operator who set up the machine and produced an order of 5,000 pieces in a 40-hour workweek?
Establish the money rate per hundred pieces from the following data: Cycle time (averaged measured time): 1.23 minutes Base rate: $8.60 per hour. Pieces per cycle: 4. Machine time (power feed): 0.52 minutes per cycle. Allowance: 17 percent on effort time; 12 percent on power feed time. Performance
The following data resulted from a study taken on a horizontal milling machine: Pieces produced per cycle: 8. Average measured cycle time: 8.36 minutes. Average measured effort time per cycle: 4.62 minutes. Average rapid traverse time: 0.08 minutes. Average cutting time power feed: 3.66
Express the standard of 5.761 minutes in hours per hundred pieces. What would the operator's efficiency be if 92 pieces were completed during a working day? What would his efficiency be if he set up his machine (standard for setup = 0.45 hours) and produced 80 pieces during the eight-hour workday?
Find the observed, normal, and standard times for the following jobs shown on the website. Assume standard performance and a 10 percent allowance.a) Stamping extrusionsb) Stamping end couplingsc) Flashlight assemblyd) Union assemblye) Hospital bed rail assemblyf) Stitching (garments)g) Labeling
Complete the time study by filling in the circles. Then, calculate a standard time for an 8 hr job. Assume a 10% allowance
Take a simple operation that you perform regularly such as brushing your teeth, shaving, or combing your hair and estimate the time it takes you to perform the operation. Now measure the time it takes while working at a standard pace. Is your estimate within plus or minus 20 percent of the
To demonstrate various levels of performance to a group of union stewards, the time study supervisor of the XYZ Company is using the metronome while dealing bridge hands. How many times per minute should the metronome beat to demonstrate the following levels of performance: 60 percent, 75 percent,
You were using the General Electric guide sheet to determine the number of observations to study. It developed that 10 cycles were required, and after taking the study you used the standard error of the mean statistic to estimate the number of observations needed for a given confidence level. The
The time study analyst at the Dorben Company developed the following snapback stopwatch readings where elemental performance rating was used. The allowance for this element was assigned a value of 16 percent. What would be the standard time for this element?
What would be the required number of readings if the analyst wanted to be 87 percent confident that the mean observed time was within ±5 percent of the true mean and he established the following values for an element after observing 19 cycles: 0.09, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.09, 0.08, 0.09, 0.12, 0.11,
The following data resulted from a time study taken on a horizontal milling machine: Mean manual effort time per cycle: 4.62 minutes. Mean cutting time (power feed): 3.74 minutes. Mean performance rating: 115% Machine allowance (power feed): 10 percent. Fatigue allowance: 15 percent. What is the
A work measurement analyst in the Dorben Company took 10 observations of a high production job. He performance rated each cycle and then computed the mean normal time for each element. The element with the greatest dispersion had a mean of 0.30 minutes and a standard deviation of 0.03 minutes. If
In the Dorben Company, the work measurement analyst took a detailed time study of the making of shell molds. The third element of this study had the greatest variation in time.After studying nine cycles, the analyst computed the mean and standard deviation of this element, with the following
Why has industry been unable to develop a universal conception of 'standard performance'?
Which four criteria are fundamental for doing a good job in speed rating?
Why is training in performance rating a continuous process?
Why should more than one element be used in the establishment of a synthetic rating factor?
Would there be any objection to studying an operator who was performing at an excessive pace? Why or why not?
In what ways can an operator give the impression of high effort and yet produce at a mediocre or poor level of performance?
What main areas are allowances intended to cover?
What are the two methods used in developing allowance standard data? Briefly explain the application of each technique.
Give several examples of personal delays. Which percentage allowance seems adequate for personal delays under typical shop conditions?
What are some of the major factors that affect fatigue?
Which operator interruptions would be covered by the unavoidable delays allowance?
Which factors enter into large variances in operator performance?
Which percentage allowance is usually provided for avoidable delays?
When are extra allowances provided?
Why is fatigue allowance frequently applied only to the effort areas of the work cycle?
Why are allowances based on a percentage of the productive time?
What are the advantages of having operators oil and clean their own machines?
Give several reasons for not applying an 'extra' allowance to operations when the major part of the cycle is machine controlled and the internal time is small compared to the cycle time.
What are the characteristics of a sound rating system?
When during a time study should a rating be given? Why is this important?
What governs the frequency of performance rating during a given study?
Explain the Westinghouse system of rating.
Under the Westinghouse rating system, why are 'conditions' evaluated?
What is synthetic rating? What is its principal weakness?
What is the basis of speed rating, and how does this method differ from the Westinghouse system?
Rate the overall study for each of the following jobs shown on the CD. a) Stamping extrusions b) Stamping end couplings c) Flashlight assembly d) Union assembly e) Hospital bed rail assembly f) Stitching (garments) g) Labeling (garments) h) Cut and tack (garments)
Develop an allowance factor for an assembly element where the operator is standing in a slightly awkward position, regularly lifts a weight of 15 pounds, and has good light and atmospheric conditions. The attention required is fine, the noise level is continuous at 70 dBA, and the mental strain is
Calculate the fatigue allowance for an operation for which the operator loads and unloads a 25-pound gray iron casting once every five minutes at a height of 30 inches.
What would be the allowance for problem #2 if the frequency increased to 5 per minute?
In the XYZ Co., an all-day study revealed the following noise sources: 0.5 hrs., 100 dBA; 1 hr., less than 80 dBA; 3.5 hrs., 90 dBA; 3 hrs., 92 dBA. Calculate the rest allowance.
What fatigue allowance should be given to a job if it developed that it took 1.542 minutes to perform the operation at the end of continuous work and but 1.480 minutes at the beginning of continuous work?
Based on the ILO tabulation, what would be the allowance factor on a work element involving a 42-pound pulling force in inadequate light where exacting work was required?
Calculate the fatigue allowance for a worker shoveling scrap metal into a bin. His working heart rate is approximately 130 beats/min.
Calculate the fatigue allowance for a 200 pound worker monitoring a steel furnace while standing next to it. The WBGT index indicates 92EF.
What is meant by 'standard data'?
What is the approximate ratio in the time required for setting standards by stopwatch methods and by standard data methods?
What advantages are there to establishing time standards by using standard data rather than by taking individual studies?
What are some of the disadvantages of using curves to tabulate standard data?
What advantages does the formula offer over standard data in establishing time standards?
Is the use of time study formulas restricted to machine shop operations where feeds and speeds influence standard times? Explain.
What are the characteristics of a sound time study formula?
What is the danger of using too few studies in the derivation of a formula?
Explain in detail how one would develop a best-fit formula?
What would be the horsepower requirements of turning a mild steel shaft 3 inches in diameter if a cut of 1/4 inch with a feed of 0.022 inch per revolution at a spindle speed of 250 rpm were established?
The work measurement analyst in the XYZ Company wishes to develop standard data involving fast, repetitive manual motions for use in a light assembly department. Because of the shortness of the desired standard data elements, the analyst is obliged to measure them in groups as they are performed on
The work measurement analyst in the Dorben Company is developing standard data for pre pricing work in the drill press department. Based on the following recommended speeds and feeds, compute the power feed cutting time of ½-inch high-speed drills with an 118E included angle to drill through
The following data was obtained between standard time and the blanking of various leather pieces from cow hides. Derive a formula for this relationship.
Develop a formula for the relationship between time and area from the following data:
How long would it take to turn 6 inches of 1-inch bar stock on a No. 3 W. & S. turret lathe running at 300 feet per minute and feeding at the rate of 0.005 inch per revolution?
A plain milling cutter 3 inches in diameter with a width of face of 2 inches is being used to mill a piece of cold-rolled steel 11/2 inches wide and 4 inches long. The depth of cut is inch. How long would it take to make the cut if the feed per tooth is 0.010 inch and a 16 tooth cutter running at a
Compute the times for elements a, b, c, d, and e when elements a + b + c were timed at 0.057 minute and b + c + d were found to equal 0.078 minute; c + d + e, 0.097 minute; d + e + a, 0.095 minute; and e + a + b, 0.069 minute.
What would be the lead of a 3/4-inch diameter drill with an included angle of 118o?
What would be the feed in inches per minute of a 3/4-inch drill running at a surface speed of 80 feet per minute and a feed of 0.008 inch per revolution?
How long would it take the preceding drill to drill through a casting 21/4 inches thick?
The analyst in the Dorben Company made 10 independent time studies in the hand paint spraying section of the finishing department. The product line under study revealed a direct relation between spraying time and product surface area.Compute the slope and intercept constant, using regression line
The work measurement analyst in the Dorben Company wants to develop an accurate equation for estimating the cutting of various configurations in sheet metal with a band saw. The data from eight time studies for the actual cutting element provided the following information.What would be the relation
Who was originally responsible for thinking in terms of developing standards for basic work divisions? What was his contribution?
How is MTM related to the analysis of method?
Explain the relationship of predetermined times to standard data.
How is MOST related to MTM?
Compare and contrast the three MOST systems.
What are the three basic motion sequences used in BasicMOST?
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