The space truss is supported by a ball-and-socket joint at D and short links at C and E. Determine the force in each member and state if the members are in tension or compression. Take F1 = {-500k}...
Checking solutions to unsteady flow problems (a) Verify the solutions to the problems in Examples 4.1-1, 2, and 3 by showing that they satisfy the partial differential equations, initial conditions,...
Methanol is to be delivered to a process unit at a rate of 15.0k mol/h by a stream that is 30.0 mole% methanol and 70.0mole% propane. Estimate the volumetric flow rate of this stream at 10.0 atm and...
Consider a flow with a pressure and temperature of 1atm and 288 K. A Pitot tube is inserted into this flow and measures a pressure of 1.555 atm. What is the velocity of the flow?
If the coefficient of static friction between all the surfaces of contact is s, determine the force P that must be applied to the wedge in order to lift the brace that supports the load F. N' PNA B....
If laminar flow is induced at the surface of a disk due to rotation about its axis, the local convection coefficient is known to be a constant, h = C, independent of radius. Consider conditions for...
A concentration C (mol/L) varies with time (min) according to the equation C = 3.00 exp ( 2.00t) (a) What are the units of 3.00 and 2.00? (b) Suppose the concentration is measured at t = 0 and t = 1...
Water is to be pumped from a lake to a ranger station on the side of a mountain (see figure). The flow rate is to be 95gal/mm, and the flow channel is a standard 1-in. Schedule 40 steel pipe (ID =...
(a) What is crystallization? (b) Cite two properties that may be improved by crystallization.
The drug Librium gives a polarographic wave with E 1/2 = - 0.265 V (versus S.C.E.) in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 . A 50.0-mL sample containing Librium gave a wave height of 0.37 A. When 2.00 mL of 3.00 mM...
In 1775, Dr. William Cullen made ice in Scotland by evacuating the air in a water tank. Explain how that device works, and discuss how the process can be made more efficient.
An electronic device dissipating 30 W has a mass of 20 g and a specific heat of 850 J/kg C. The device is lightly used, and it is on for 5 min and then off for several hours, during which it cools...
Batch processes are often used in chemical and pharmaceutical operations to achieve a desired chemical composition for the final product. Related heat transfer processes are typically transient,...
The shear shown is used to cut and trim electronic-circuit-board laminates. Knowing that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the blade and the vertical guide is 0.20, determine the force...
The pole for a power line is subjected to the two cable forces of 60 lb, each force lying in a plane parallel to the x ? y plane. If the tension in the guy wire AB is 80 lb, determine the x, y, z...
The power spectral density of a random process X (t) is shown in Figure. It contains of a delta function at f = 0 and a triangular component. (a) Determine and sketch the autocorrelation function RX...
The horizontal nozzle in Fig P3.49 has D1 = 12 in, D2 = 6 in, with p1 = 38 psia and V2 = 56 ft/s. For water at 20°C, find the force provided by the flange bolts to hold the nozzle fixed. P15...
A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains electronics that dissipate 150 W. If the probe surface has an emissivity of 0.8 and the probe does not receive radiation from other...
A spring scale A and a lever scale B having equal lever arms are fastened to the roof on an elevator, and identical packages are attached to the scales as shown. Knowing that when the elevator moves...
At temperatures near room temperature, the temperature dependence of the conductivity for intrinsic germanium is found to equal where C is a temperature-independent constant and T is in Kelvins....
The gas stream from a sulfur burner consists of 15 mol-% SO2, 20 mol-% O2, and 65 mol-% N2. The gas stream at atmospheric pressure and 400(C enters a catalytic converter A here 86% of the SO2 is...
A tantalum rod of diameter 3 mm and length 120 mm is supported by two electrodes within a large vacuum enclosure. Initially the rod is in equilibrium with the electrodes and its surroundings, which...
Air at 80 kPa and 127C enters an adiabatic diffuser steadily at a rate of 6000 kg/h and leaves at 100 kPa. The velocity of the air stream is decreased from 230 to 30 m/s as it passes through the...
A differential band brake is used to control the speed of a drum which rotates at a constant speed. Knowing that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the belt and the drum is 0.30 and that a...
A circular pipe of 25-mm outside diameter is placed in an airstream at 25C and l-atm pressure. The air moves in cross flow over the pipe at 15 m/s, while the outer surface of the pipe is maintained...
State whether you would use Raoults law or Henrys law to perform vaporliquid equilibrium calculations for each component in the following liquid mixtures: (a) Water and dissolved nitrogen; (b)...
A mixture of 20 wt% water 33% acetone and the remainder methyl isobutyl ketone is brought to equilibrium at 25C. If the total mass of the system is 1.2 kg, use the data in Figure 6.6.1 to estimate...
A rigid tank initially contains 1.4-kg saturated liquid water at 200°C. At this state, 25 percent of the volume is occupied by water and the rest by air. Now heat is supplied to the water until...
A quartz window of thickness L serves as a viewing port in a furnace used for annealing steel. The inner surface (x = 0) of the window is irradiated with a uniform heat flux q;: due to emission from...
A billet of stainless steel, AISI 316, with a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 500 mm emerges from a heat treatment process at 200C and is placed in an unstirred oil bath maintained at 20C. (a)...
Bar AB rotates clockwise with a constant angular velocity of 8 rad/s and rod EF rotates clockwise with a constant angular velocity of 6 rad/s. Determine at the instant shown (a) The angular velocity...
The proposed design for an anemometer to determine the velocity of an airstream in a wind tunnel is comprised of a thin metallic strip whose ends are supported by stiff rods serving as electrodes for...
A vertical, double-pane window, which is I m on a side and has a 25-mm gap filled with atmospheric air, separates quiescent room air at T ,o = 20C from quiescent ambient air at T ,o = - 20C....
A tubular heater with a black inner surface of uniform temperature T s = 1000 K irradiates a coaxial disk. (a) Determine the radiant power from the heater which is incident on the disk, q s?1 . What...
Using atomic weight, crystal structure, and atomic radius data tabulated inside the front cover, compute the theoretical densities of lead, chromium, copper, and cobalt, and then compare these values...
An experimental arrangement for measuring the thermal conductivity of solid materials involves the use of two long rods that are equivalent in every respect, except that one is fabricated from a...
Consider a horizontal flat roof section having the same dimensions as a vertical wall section. For both sections, the surfaces exposed to the air gap are at 18C (inside) and -10 o C (outside). (a)...
A long pyroceram rod of diameter 20 mm is clad with a very thin metallic tube for mechanical protection. The bonding between the rod and the tube has a thermal contact resistance of R t.c = 0.12 m ...
The front door of a dishwasher of width 580 mm has a vertical air vent that is 500 mm in height with a20-mm spacing between the inner tub operating at 52C and an outer plate that is thermally...
The end of a cylindrical liquid cryogenic propellant tank in free space is to be protected from external (solar) radiation by placing a thin metallic shield in front of the tank. Assume the view...
Magnesium oxide has the rock salt crystal structure and a density of 3.58 g/cm 3 . (a) Determine the unit cell edge length. (b) How does this result compare with the edge length as determined from...
The positions of point A on the building and point B on the antenna have been measured relative to the electronic distance meter (EDM) at O. Determine the distance between A and B. Hint: Formulate a...
The figure shows a schematic drawing of a vehicular jack that is to be designed to support a maximum mass of 300 kg based on the use of a design factor nd = 3.50. The opposite-handed threads on the...
Blood plasma proteins of patients with malignant breast tumors differ from proteins of healthy people in their solubility in the presence of various polymers. When the polymers dextran and...
Superheated water vapor at 180 psia and 500F is allowed to cool at constant volume until the temperature drops to 250F. At the final state, determine (a) The pressure, (b) The quality, and (c) The...
Entrance flow in conduits (a) Estimate the entrance length for laminar flow in a circular tube. Assume that the boundary-layer thickness S is given adequately by Eq. 4.4-17, with v of the flat-plate...
An ideal gas. Cp = (7 / 2) R and Cv = (5 / 2) R, undergoes a cycle consisting of the following mechanically reversible steps: An adiabatic compression from P1, V1. T1 to P2, V2, T2. An isobaric...
A paddle wheel stirs a water tank at 500 rpm. The torque transmitted by the shaft is 20 N-m. At the same time an internal electric resistance heater draws 2 Amps of current from a 110 V source as it...
The CdSe content (g/L) of nanocrystals was measured by two methods for six different samples. Do the two methods differ significantly at the 95% confidence level? Method 1 Anodic stripping 0.88 1.15...
For beam AB, (a) Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams, (b) Determine the location and magnitude location of the maximum absolute value of the bending moment. I kipvft 1 kip E. 2 kips -12 ft- 8...
The cantilevered handle in Prob. 384 is made from mild steel. Let Fy = 250 lbf and Fx = Fz = 0. Using Castiglianos theorem, determine the vertical deflection (along the y axis) at the tip. Repeat the...
The extension spring shown in the figure has full-twisted loop ends. The material is AISI 1065 OQ&T wire. The spring has 84 coils and is close-wound with a preload of 16 lbf. (a) Find the closed...
A mixture of acetone and isopropanol containing 50 mol% acetone is to be distilled continuously to produce an overhead product containing 80 mol% acetone and a bottoms containing 25 mol% acetone. If...
Steam enters a nozzle with a low velocity at 150C and 200 kPa, and leaves as a saturated vapor at 75 kPa. There is a heat transfer from the nozzle to the surroundings in the amount of 26 kJ for every...
The double toggle mechanism shown is used in a punching machine. Knowing that links AB and BC are each of length 150 mm and that M = 75 N m, determine the angle if the system is in equilibrium. 120...
A hollow spherical iron container whose outer diameter is 20 cm and thickness is 0.4 cm is filled with iced water at 0°C. If the outer surface temperature is 5°C, determine the approximate...
Consider a well-insulated horizontal rigid cylinder that is divided into two compartments by a piston that is free to move but does not allow either gas to leak into the other side. Initially, one...
Atmospheric air at 35C flows steadily into an adiabatic saturation device and leaves as a saturated mixture at 25C. Makeup water is supplied to the device at 25C. Atmospheric pressure is 98 kPa....
Relatively pure oxygen and nitrogen can be obtained by the distillation of air using the Linde double column, which, as shown in Figure, consists of a lower column operating at elevated pressure...
The oscillation of rod OA about O is defined by the relation ( = 4/)(sin t), where and t are expressed in radians and seconds, respectively. Collar B slides along the rod so that its distance from O...
In the engine system shown, l = 8 in. and b = 3 in. Knowing that the crank AB rotates with a constant angular velocity of 1000 rpm clockwise, determine the velocity of piston P and the angular...
A long cylindrical heater element of diameter D = 10 mm, temperature T 1 = 1500 K, and emissivity ? 1 = 1 is used in a furnace. The bottom area A 2 is a diffuse gray surface with ? 2 = 0.6 and is...
The pendulum consists of two slender rods AB and OC which have a mass density r. The thin plate has a mass density p. Determine the location yc of the center of mass G of the pendulum then calculate...
The evaporator section of a refrigeration unit consists of thin-walled, 10-mm-diarneter tubes through which refrigerant passes at a temperature of - 18C. Air is cooled as it flows over the tubes,...
Carbon monoxide is burned with excess air at 1 atm in an adiabatic reactor. The reactants are fed at 25C and the final temperature (i.e., the adiabatic flame temperature) is 1400C. (a) Calculate the...
Air enters an adiabatic nozzle at 60 psia, 540F, and 200 ft/s and exits at 12 psia. Assuming air to be an ideal gas with variable specific heats and disregarding any irreversibilities, determine the...
Experimental measurements of Vaughan and Collins [Ind. Eng. Chem., 34,885 (1942)] for the propane-isopentane system at 167F and 147 psia show for propane a liquid-phase mole fraction of 0.2900 in...
A simple surge tank with fixed valve on the outflow Line is illustrated in figure. If the outflow rate is proportional to the square root of the liquid height, an unsteady-state model for the level...
Refrigerant-134a enters the condenser of a residential heat pump at 800 kPa and 35C at a rate of 0.018 kg/s and leaves at 800 kPa as a saturated liquid. If the compressor consumes 1.2 kW of power,...
Methane reacts with chlorine to produce methyl chloride and hydrogen chloride. Once formed, the methyl chloride may undergo further chlorination to form methylenc chloride (CH 2 CI 2 ), chloroform,...
In the engine system shown l = 10 in. and b = 4 in. The connecting rod BD is assumed to be a 3-lb uniform slender rod and is attached to the 4.5-lb piston P. During a test of the system, crank AB is...
The entropy increase across a normal shock wave is 199.5 J / (kg K). What is the upstream Mach number?
A gas chromatograph (GC) is a device used to separate the components of a sample of a gas or liquid mixture and to provide a measure of the amount of each component in the sample. The output from a...
A 2-m3 rigid insulated tank initially containing saturated water vapor at 1 MPa is connected through a valve to a supply line that carries steam at 400°C. Now the valve is opened, and steam is...
Consider an oblique shock wave with a wave angle of 30 in a Mach 4 flow. The upstream pressure and temperature are 2.65 x 104 N/m2 and 223.3 K, respectively (corresponding to a standard altitude of...
Sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide in a small pilot-plant reactor. SO 2 and 100% excess air are fed to the reactor at 450C. The reaction proceeds to a 65% SO 2 conversion, and the products...
A plane wall that is insulated on one side (x = 0) is initially at a uniform temperature T i , when its exposed surface at x = L is suddenly raised to a temperature T s ' (a) Verify that the...
It is necessary to select a ceramic material to be stressed using a three-point loading scheme (Figure). The specimen must have a circular cross section and a radius of 2.5 mm (0.10 in.), and must...
Solve Prob. 415 using Castiglianos theorem. Prob. 415, The cantilever shown in the figure consists of two structural-steel channels size 3 in, 5.0 lbf/ft. Using superposition, find the deflection at...
Consider a sphere with a diameter of 20 mm and a surface temperature of 60C that is immersed in a fluid at a temperature of 30C and a velocity of 2.5 m/s. Calculate the drag force and the heat rate...
An electrical heater in the form of a horizontal disk of 400-mm diameter is used to heat the bottom of a tank filled with engine oil at a temperature of 5C. Calculate the power required to maintain...
What are three contexts in which concurrency arise?
Carbon dioxide gas enters a throttling valve at 5 MPa and 100°C and leaves at 100 kPa. Determine the temperature change during this process if CO2 is assumed to be (a) An ideal gas and (b) A real...
A 25-mm-diameter, high-tension line has an electrical resistance of 10-4 n/m and is transmitting a current of 1000 A. (a) If ambient air at 10C and 5 m/s is in cross flow over the line, what is its...
The figure shows a finger exerciser used by law-enforcement officers and athletes to strengthen their grip. It is formed by winding A227 hard-drawn steel wire around a mandrel to obtain 2 turns when...
Determine the components of the F force acting along the u and v axes. Given: θ1 = 70 deg θ2 = 45 deg θ3 = 60 deg F = 250 N
A gas-turbine power plant operates on the simple Brayton cycle between the pressure limits of 100 and 700 kPa. Air enters the compressor at 30C at a rate of 12.6 kg/s and leaves at 260C. A diesel...
Air enters a 30-cm-diameter cooling section at 1 atm, 35°C, and 60 percent relative humidity at 120 m/min. The air is cooled by passing it over a cooling coil through which cold water flows. The...
A silicon chip of thickness L = 2.5 mm and thermal conductivity ks = 135 W/m K is cooled by boiling a saturated fluorocarbon liquid (T sat = 57C) on its surface. The electronic circuits on the...
N-Pentane is burned with excess air in a continuous combustion chamber. (a) A technician runs an analysis and reports that the product gas contains 0.270 mole% pentane. 5.3% oxygen, 9.1% carbon...
Determine the magnitude and coordinate direction angles of the resultant force and sketch this vector on the coordinatesystem. F= 80 1b 30 F=130 lb
A 3-ft depth of stagnant water at 25oC lies on top of a 0.10-in. thickness of NaCl. At time < 0, the water is pure. At time = 0, the salt begins to dissolve and diffuse into the water. If the...
The thin rod of length l is supported by the smooth tube. Determine the distance a needed for equilibrium if the applied load isP. B -P
Consider a velocity field where the x and y components of velocity are given by u = cy/(x2 + y2) and v = cx/(x2 + y2), where c is a constant. Obtain the equations of the streamlines.
For the cracking reaction, C3H8(g) C2H4(g) + CH4(g) The equilibrium conversion is negligible at 300 K, but becomes appreciable at temperatures above 500 K. For a pressure of 1 bar, determine: (a)...
An automatic valve consists of a 225 Ã 225-mm square plate that is pivoted about a horizontal axis through A located at a distance h = 90 mm above the lower edge. Determine the depth of water...
A gas-phase decomposition reaction with stoichiometry 2A ? 2B + C follows a second-order rate law (see Problem 11.14): rd [mo1/(m3?s)] = kC2A where CA is the reactant concentration in moUrn3. The...
A reboiled stripper as shown in Figure is to be designed for the task shown. Determine(a) The number of variables.(b) The number of equations relating the variables.(c) The number of degrees of...
A mass of 5 kg of saturated water vapor at 300 kPa is heated at constant pressure until the temperature reaches 200C. Calculate the work done by the steam during this process.
A 4-L pressure cooker has an operating pressure of 175 kPa. Initially, one-half of the volume is filled with liquid and the other half with vapor. If it is desired that the pressure cooker not run...