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Library And Information Center Management 9th Edition Barbara B.Moran , Claudia J.Morner - Solutions
4. The work done by student employees is very important, especially in academic libraries and some public libraries. Library managers often want to retain these employees for more than one semester because an experienced student worker performs better than a newly hired one. Lorelei Sterling points
• Understand the importance of leadership in all types and all levels of organizations
• Know the major differences between leaders and managers
• Be familiar with the basic elements of the most important theories of leadership
• Understand what toxic leadership is and how organizations can avoid this type of leader
• Be able to discuss why the notion of the “heroic” leader has lost favor in contemporary organizations
1. Kellerman has developed a classification scheme for categorizing bad leaders with a typology ranging from merely incompetent to truly evil. Her classification is summarized below:• Incompetent: lacks the skill or the will to sustain leadership• Rigid: remains stiff, unyielding, and unwilling
2. For the past two years, you have worked for Ronald. If there is anything that is guaranteed to put Ronald in an unpleasant mood it is when he senses, rightly or wrongly, that one of his employees is about to make a suggestion or a request of some sort. No matter how gently worded and tactfully
3. You are still Ronald’s employee (sorry, I can’t give you a better boss right now).Imagine that you have decided to talk to Ronald about the flaws in the new procedure he implemented. Find a classmate or colleague and role-play the situation.First assume one role and then switch roles. How
4. In 1923, H. Gordon Selfridge, founder of one of the largest department stores in London, said this about the differences between managers(bosses) and leaders:
• The boss drives people;the leader coaches them.
• The boss depends on authority; the leader on good will.
• The boss inspires fear; the leader inspires enthusiasm.
• The boss says I; the leader says WE.
• The boss fixes the blame for the breakdown; the leader fixes the breakdown.
• The boss says, GO; the leader says, Let’s GO!66 Do you agree with Selfridge’s almost 100-year-old distinctions between managers and leaders? Are there any you would change or add?
1. Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus, two well-known scholars of leadership, once wrote, “Managers are people who do things right and leaders are people who do the right thing.”67 What is the difference between doing things right and doing the right thing?Do you agree that managers do things right
2. Discuss some of the changes in society and organizations that have led to the demise of the myth of the leader as an isolated hero in complete control of an organization.What are the advantages of shared leadership to both leaders and organizations?Do you agree or disagree with Jim Collins that
3. According to Nigel Nicolson, leaders come to power through both internal and external selection.He writes:The internal is self-selection, the force that induces some to seek and others to avoid leadership. Even when one is handed a leadership position on a plate, one’s inner self has to
4. Situational models of leadership posit that different situations call for different types of leaders. The experiences of Winston Churchill provide an interesting example of this idea. Although Churchill is usually ranked among the greatest leaders of modern times, it is sometimes forgotten that
• Understand what is meant by ethical behavior and its importance in today’s organizations
• Be familiar with the most common ethical violations found in libraries
• Be able to discuss three important tools that are helpful in analyzing ethical dilemmas
• Know three normative frameworks that can be used for making ethical decisions
• Be able to identify some conflicts of interest that may occur in an LIS workplace
• Recognize the importance of managers in influencing an organization’s ethical culture
1. An ethics quiz: what do you think the most ethical approach would be in the following situations?A. You are the reference librarian on duty at a large public library. Two teenagers come in and ask for instructions on how to build a car bomb. Would you:Help them all you could?Call the police?Ask
2. New technologies often pose new ethical challenges. Recently many librarians have adopted the use of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags in their collections in order to deter theft, track materials, and check out books faster.However, because the tags collect personally identifiable
3. Drew Hodges, director at the Allenby Public Library, put down his pencil, pushed back in his chair, stretched his arms overhead, and looked out the window.It was a warm and sunny Indian-summer day. “What a day to be inside!” he said.With considerable reluctance, he spun his chair around and
4. The ethical dilemma below was posted by an LIS student to the PUBLIB Electronic Discussion List:The library you work for has just agreed to pay all your expenses for the ALA conference. You have been in your current position for six years and feel it is time to move on. The ALA conference will
2. Albert Einstein once said, “Relativity applies to physics, not ethics.” Do you agree with this statement? Are ethical principles always the same or do they change with the situation?
3. Ethical codes do not have to be long or elaborate. Consider Google’s motto, “Don’t be evil.” Is this enough of an ethical code to guide employees’ behavior?
4. Providing references for a current or former employee sometimes puts supervisors in an awkward situation. If you were a manager who had one particularly difficult and ineffective member of your team, and you received a request for a reference for that individual for a new position in another
• Understand the importance of communication in modern organizations
• Be familiar with the various types of “noise” that keep communication from being understood
• Be aware of the many channels that can be used in organizational communication
• Know the three ways communication can flow within an organization
• Understand the difference between formal and informal communication
• Be able to identify the causes of conflict and know how conflict can be used constructively in the workplace
1. You are the director of a medium-size public library that has a volunteer coordinator who is supposed to oversee approximately 75 volunteers who have offered to help in the library. Since the demand for the library’s services has increased and the funding for the library has not, you are
2. Work with a partner. The two of you should come up with a list of the attributes that a good listener has and then a similar list for a poor listener. After you have your list, one of you should try talking for one minute on any topic that you like. The other person should first display the
3. You are the director of communication at a large public library. You return from your break to find a note on your desk from the library director stating that you should come to the director’s office as soon as possible to discuss this year’s rewrite of the brochure describing the employee
4. “What do we do now?” wondered Ann, Lee, and Thomas. It had been two months since their meeting with the new library director, Phyllis, and nothing had changed: communication was poor, morale was low, and defenses were up. Even the student assistants were beginning to notice the tension
1. Epictetus, a Greek philosopher born almost 2,000 years ago, is reported to have said, “Nature hath given men one tongue but two ears, that we may hear from others twice as much as we speak.” What are the advantages and disadvantages for a manager in following this principle?Do you know any
2. Communication problems are very common in all organizations.It is sometimes said that if we could only communicate better within organizations almost all our other organizational problems would disappear.Do you agree with this statement?
3. Many employees are hesitant to be completely truthful in their communications with their supervisors. Often they do not want to pass along bad news or point out shortcomings. It is the rare organization that is so attuned to its employees and so trusted by them that employees feel comfortable in
4. It is often said that the greatest enemy of communication is the illusion that it has taken place. Can you think of times when someone (perhaps yourself) thought communication had taken place when it had not? What were some of the problems that arose? What are the factors that make someone
• Know how managers can empower employees and the advantages of empowering leadership
• Be able to identify the types of teams used in libraries
• Understand some of the problems that teams may encounter in their work
• Be familiar with the stages of team development
• Understand how managers can improve team effectiveness
• Be able to discuss the importance of the contingency theory of management in today’s organizations
1. The year is 1957. Mary Jones is a recent library school graduate in her first job in a large academic library. Mary works in cataloging where her orders are given to her by the department head, who receives his own orders from the library director. Each day, Mary does the work she is assigned.
2. You are the leader of a nine-person cross-functional team that has been formed to migrate the library’s bibliographic records from its current platform to a new cloud-based platform. This will be a large and complicated project.Using your knowledge of teams, what would be some of the first
3. According to Spreitzer and Porath, managers can take four measures to help employees thrive at work. An organization wanting to promote vitality and learning should:• Provide decision making discretion• Share information• Minimize incivility• Offer performance feedback.51 Can you think
4. The Avondale Public Library managers have decided to begin to use teams in most parts of their organization, and a number of new teams have just been established. You have been put on one of these teams and have been working as part of the team for two weeks now. You are beginning to think that
1. Michael Jordan, the basketball legend, wrote, “One thing that I believe to the fullest is that if you think and achieve as a team, the individual accolades will take care of themselves. Talent wins games, but teamwork and intelligence wins championships.This statement is obviously true about
2. Managing is sometimes defined as getting things done through other people.That definition can be interpreted in several ways. James Hayes, a former business school dean once observed, “The [person] who is new to management hears[the definition] this way: “Management is getting things done
3. Virtual teams are being increasingly used in our global society. What are some of the problems faced by teams who are not able to meet face to face? Would you like to be a member of a virtual team?
4. Marianne Broadbent is an Australian management expert who believes that trust is essential to building a great team. In her opinion, great teams don’t just happen but instead are the outcome of a conscious and deliberate effort to understand what makes teams work well. As she says, creating
• Understand why library managers need to measure the library’s activities
• Discuss various performance measures used in libraries
• Be able to explain how evaluation fits into strategic planning
• Know the components of an evaluation plan
• Be able to explain ROI, benchmarking, and focus group techniques
1. Your public library director thinks that the community would be interested in taking a variety of short courses. How would you help decided which courses to offer? Would you develop an online survey, a sign-up sheet, or randomly select library users to answer a few in person questions? Please
2. You heard a rumor that the college where you work as a reference librarian may be cutting the budget in the coming year. How can you help your director show the value of the library and the reference department? Chose one aspect of the work of a reference department and one way to measure that
3. How would you measure the effectiveness of a summer reading program? What questions do you need to ask to develop a way to evaluate it?
4. Select a service activity that you feel should be a priority objective in a special library. Identify one tool or technique that can be used to measure the success in meeting that priority goal. Either qualitative or quantitative measures may be used. Defend the selection as the best measurement
1. Divide into groups. You are assistants in a school library and the librarian has asked you to help him evaluate how faculty members use the library. Brainstorm in your group to decide what you want to know about faculty use and how you would go about finding this information. What information
2. Working with others, discuss why assessment is a crucial step in strategic planning. Give examples.
3. Students at your medium sized college want the library to stay open later than the 10:00 p.m. closing during the week. How would you evaluate whether enough students would stay later than 10:00 p.m. to justify the added expense? How could you use the students requesting this change to help you
4. Your library must be cost conscious and you are wondering if a particular database is cost effective. How would you go about deciding to keep or cancel the database? What issues should you consider? Who should you consult? What would be a good way to measure the use and value of a database?
• Understand the difference between ongoing and one-time income
• Be able to define capital and operating budgets
• Know the budget process
• Be familiar with different budgeting systems used in libraries
• Understand how to read a budget update
1. It is January and you have just learned that the tax revenue for your city is missing the estimate for the fiscal year dramatically. You have been asked to cut 17 percent of your budget.This is a very difficult problem because the fiscal year started in July and half the money in your budget has
2. In the above budget cutting scenario do you think you have an opportunity for advocacy? What would you recommend?
3. You would like to add some makerspace programming in the high school library where you work. Write a brief justification for the program listing the educational benefits. How many students would you serve with this program? Draft a budget that would cover the expenses for equipment, supplies,
4. You are the dean of the University Library and some Music Department faculty members have been begging for a separate branch library for their department for many years. You understand that consolidation of branch libraries has been the trend, and with tight budgets there is no way you could
1. Of the budget techniques described in this chapter, which do you prefer? Have you used any of them and what has been your experience?
2. If you were responsible for a budget, whether it be a full library or a program, what involvement would you give to people who work for you? If you are an employee in a library, do you want to know about the budget, help prepare it, or just stay out of it?
3. You work in a hospital library, and the budget for the library is always tight and a challenge to justify. Brainstorm with your group and make a list of ways you could show value to the hospital from the library. What other kinds of advocacy or marketing could you suggest to keep the library
4. You are members of the Friends of the City Library. Your group has just learned that an elderly cataloger, who had worked his whole life in the city library, died and left a bequest of $3 million to the city without any specific purpose. He also left $200,000 to the library. As members of this
• Know where to look for grant opportunities
• Understand the steps for writing a grant
• Appreciate the importance of integrity in fund-raising
• Be aware of the kinds of gifts a donor may provide
• Understand how to cultivate donors
• Know that the importance of stewardship is not just thank you notes
1. Select a library and try to see it as an outsider. What does this library need?What are its biggest challenges? After you have made a list, draft areas where a donor could help. Note: it is unlikely for a donor to fund a new air conditioning system. Think about your list from the perspective of
2. Take the top item from your list in #1 and draft a one-page essay explaining why funding for this need would make a difference in the lives of the people who use the library.
3. Select a library or a library project in which you believe. Draft an “elevator speech” (no more than three minutes) that you might give to a potential donor.Be sure to be positive and enthusiastic.
4. Write a thank you note to a donor who has provided your library with $25,000 for technology equipment. Be sure to be specific about how the money will be spent and what it will mean to library users.
1. You are library staff members in a circulation department. Discuss how you might help the library in its fund-raising efforts.
2. Have you ever written a grant proposal? How did it go? Are you interested in writing one? What would be your topic?
3. Practice your “elevator speech” to members of your group. Remember this elevator speech is a way to show your enthusiasm for an idea or project in a library. It is a good idea to have a well thought out argument for your idea, because you never know when you will have an opportunity to
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