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business
operations management 6th
Operations Management Sustainability And Supply Chain Management 13th Global Edition Jay Heizer, Barry Render, Chuck Munson - Solutions
How can a manager evaluate the effectiveness of the maintenance function? L01
How does machine design contribute to either increasing or alleviating the maintenance problem? L01
What roles can computerized maintenance management systems play in the maintenance function? L01
During an argument as to the merits of preventive maintenance at Windsor Printers, the company owner asked, “Why fix it before it breaks?” How would you, as the director of maintenance, respond? L01
Will preventive maintenance eliminate all breakdowns? L01
A testing process at Boeing Aircraft has 400 components in series. The average reliability of each component is 99.5%. Use Figure 17.2 to find the overall reliability of the whole testing process. L01
Robert Klassen Manufacturing, a medical equipment manufacturer, subjected 100 heart pacemakers to 5,000 hours of testing. Halfway through the testing, 5 pacemakers failed. What was the failure rate in terms of the following:a) Percentage of failures?b) Number of failures per unit-hour of operating
A manufacturer of disk drives for notebook computers wants an MTBF of at least 50,000 hours. Recent test results for L01
What is the overall reliability that bank loans will be processed accurately if each of the five clerks shown in the chart has the reliability shown?10 units were one failure at 10,000 hours, another at 25,000 hours, and two more at 45,000 hours. The remaining units were still running at 60,000
What is the reliability of the following parallel production process? R1 5 0.95, R2 5 0.90, R3 5 0.98. L01 R R
What is the overall reliability that bank loans will be processed accurately if each of the five clerks shown in the chart has the reliability shown? L01 .95 .95 .95 .95 .95
Merrill Kim Sharp has a system composed of three components in parallel. The components have the following reliabilities:R1 = 0.90, R2 = 0.95, R3 = 0.85 What is the reliability of the system? (Hint: See Example 4.) L01
A medical control system has three components in series with individual reliabilities (R1, R2, R3) as shown: L01What is the reliability of the system? R .99 .98 .90 Rs
What is the reliability of the system shown? L01 .99 .98 .90 Rs Ap .99 .98 .90 R
A typical retail transaction consists of several smaller steps, which can be considered components subject to failure. A list of such components might include:COMPONENT DESCRIPTION DEFINITION OF FAILURE 1 Find product in proper size, color, etc.Can’t find product 2 Enter cashier line No lines
The credit card issuing process at Atlanta Bank’s VISA program consists of 10 steps performed in series by different bank employees. The average reliability of each employee is 98%. Use Figure 17.2 in the text to help manager Yusen Xia find the overall reliability of the credit card issuing
You have a system composed of a serial connection of four components with the following reliabilities:COMPONENT RELIABILITY 1 0.90 2 0.95 3 0.80 4 0.85 What is the reliability of the system? L01
What are the expected number of yearly breakdowns for the power generator at Orlando Utilities that has exhibited the following data over the past 20 years?NUMBER OF BREAKDOWNS 0 1 2 3 4 5 NUMBER OF YEARS IN WHICH BREAKDOWN OCCURRED 1 7 4 3 2 3 L01
Each breakdown of a graphic plotter table at Airbus Industries costs $50. Find the expected daily breakdown cost, given the following data: L01
David Hall, chief of the maintenance department at Mechanical Dynamics, has presented you with the following failure curve. What does it suggest? L01 Number of failures Time
The fire department has a number of failures with its oxygen masks and is evaluating the possibility of outsourcing preventive maintenance to the manufacturer. Because of the risk associated with a failure, the cost of each failure is estimated at$2,000. The current maintenance policy (with station
Given the probabilities that follow for Ronny Richardson’s print shop, find the expected breakdown cost. L01 NUMBER OF BREAKDOWNS 0 1 2 3 DAILY FREQUENCY 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 The cost per breakdown is $10.
What might be done to help take Frito-Lay to the next level of outstanding maintenance? Consider factors such as sophisticated software. L01
What are the advantages and disadvantages of giving more responsibility for machine maintenance to the operator? L01
Discuss the pros and cons of hiring multi-craft maintenance personnel. L01
The two main tactics for improving reliability are _______ and _______. L01
The process that involves monitoring equipment and facilities, and performing routine inspections and service to keep equipment and facilities reliable is known as:a) breakdown maintenance.b) failure maintenance.c) preventive maintenance.d) all of the above. L01
The two main tactics for improving maintenance are _______ and _______. L01
_______ maintenance partners operators with maintenance personnel to observe, check, adjust, clean, and notify.a) Partneringb) Operatorc) Breakdownd) Six Sigmae) Autonomous L01
Create a simple decision tree 717
Build a decision table 717
Explain when to use each of the three types of decision-making environments 718
Calculate an expected monetary value (EMV) 719
Compute the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) 720
Evaluate the nodes in a decision tree 722
Create a decision tree with sequential decisions 724
Identify the six steps in the decision process. L01
Give an example of a good decision you made that resulted in a bad outcome. Also give an example of a bad decision you made that had a good outcome. Why was each decision good or bad? L01
What is the equally likely decision model? L01
Discuss the differences between decision making under certainty, under risk, and under uncertainty. L01
What is a decision tree? L01
Explain how decision trees might be used in several of the 10 OM decisions. L01
What is the expected value of perfect information (EVPI)? L01
What is the expected value with perfect information(EVwPI)? L01
Describe how and when making a decision tree will make you do the right decisions. L01
Why are the maximax and maximin strategies considered to be optimistic and pessimistic, respectively? L01
Describe a case where a decision tree will not be the optimal model for decisions. L01
Why is a decision tree appropriate for making decisions under risk? L01
Given the following conditional value table, determine the appropriate decision under uncertainty using:a) Maximaxb) Maximinc) Equally likely STATES OF NATURE ALTERNATIVES VERY FAVORABLE MARKET AVERAGE MARKET UNFAVORABLE MARKET Build new plant $350,000 $240,000 –$300,000 Subcontract $180,000 $
Even though independent gasoline stations have been having a difficult time, Ian Langella has been thinking about starting his own independent gasoline station. Ian’s problem is to decide how large his station should be. The annual returns will depend on both the size of his station and a number
Andrew Thomas, a sandwich vendor at Hard Rock Cafe’s annual Rockfest, created a table of conditional values for the various alternatives (stocking decision) and states of nature (size of crowd):STATES OF NATURE (DEMAND)ALTERNATIVES BIG AVERAGE SMALL Large stock $22,000 $12,000 –$2,000 Average
A large hypermarket based in Kuwait is considering different plans for expansion. The management has identified three possible alternatives: build two new stores, build one new store, or do nothing. The expected payoff will depend on future demand which might be low, moderate, or high. After a
Howard Weiss, Inc., is considering building a sensitive new radiation scanning device. His managers believe that there is a probability of 0.4 that the ATR Co. will come out with a competitive product. If Weiss adds an assembly line for the product and ATR Co. does not follow with a competitive
The Adam Smith Trading Company wants to increase its markets and conduct business in more countries. It has done a pre-study about costs for opening new offices and approximate yearly profits (all numbers in thousands euro). The following table summarizes the study: L01 COUNTRY COST LOCATING PROFIT
Leah Johnson, director of Urgent Care of Brookline, wants to increase capacity to provide low-cost flu shots but must decide whether to do so by hiring another full-time nurse or by using part-time nurses. The following table shows the expected costs of the two options for three possible demand
Consider the following decision table, which Joe Blackburn has developed for Vanderbilt Enterprises: L01 STATES OF NATURE DECISION ALTERNATIVES LOW MEDIUM HIGH A $40 $100 $60 B $85 $ 60 $70 C $60 $ 70 $70 D $65 $ 75 $70 E $70 $ 65 $80 Probability .40 .20 .40 Which decision alternative maximizes the
The organizing company of the famous rapper Sean Paul’s concert in Dubai has decided to print shirts to be sold in the event. The company decision is to either print 5,000, 10,000, or 20,000 shirts. The expected profit from selling the shits is directly proportional to the number of attendees.
Given the following conditional value table, determine the appropriate decision under uncertainty usinga) maximaxb) maximinc) equally likely ALTERNATIVES STATES OF NATURE VERY FAVORABLE MARKET AVERAGE MARKET UNFAVORABLE MARKET Large plant $275,000 $100,000 -$150,000 Small plant $200,000 $ 60,000 -$
The following payoff table provides profits based on various possible decision alternatives and various levels of demand:DEMAND LOW MEDIUM HIGH Alternative 1 80 120 140 Alternative 2 90 90 90 Alternative 3 50 70 150 The probability of low demand is 0.4, whereas the probability of medium and high
Ahmed Saif is the manager of a large agriculture firm that owns 100,000 acres in the new valley project of Toshka in the Western desert of Egypt. He now needs to decide on which one of three crops to grow during the upcoming summer season. Ahmed has obtained the following estimates of expected net
What other factors should François consider while making the decision? L01
In decision table terminology, a course of action or a strategy that may be chosen by a decision maker is called a(n):a) payoff.b) alternative.c) state of nature.d) all of the above. L01
If probabilities are available to the decision maker, then the decision-making environment is called:a) certainty.b) uncertainty.c) risk.d) none of the above. L01
The most that a person should pay for perfect information is:a) the EVPI.b) the maximum EMV minus the minimum EMV.c) the minimum EMV.d) the maximum EMV. L01
On a decision tree, once the tree has been drawn and the payoffs and probabilities have been placed on the tree, the analysis (computing EMVs and selecting the best alternative):a) is done by working backward (starting on the right and moving to the left).b) is done by working forward (starting on
Which of the following best describes how risk and control selfassessments (RCSA) can be used to manage fraud risk for Basel II?a. An RCSA can be used to gather business environment and internal control factors that relate to fraud risks.b. An RCSA should be used to collect fraud-related loss
Formulate linear programming models, including an objective function and constraints 737
Graphically solve an LP problem with the iso-profit line method 740
Graphically solve an LP problem with the corner-point method 741
Interpret sensitivity analysis and shadow prices 742
Construct and solve a minimization problem 745
Formulate production-mix, diet, and labor scheduling problems 746
List at least four applications of LP problems. lop4
What is a “corner point”? Explain why solutions to LP problems focus on corner points. lop4
Define the feasible region of a graphical LP problem. What is a feasible solution? lop4
A calculated optimal solution to a LP max problem is not always chosen. Explain why. lop4
Under what circumstances is the objective function more important than the constraints in an LP model? lop4
How does a minimizing problem differ from a maximizing problem? lop4
Why is the diet problem, in practice, applicable for animals but not particularly for people? lop4
When introducing an additional constraint, what will happen to the solution of the optimization problem? lop4
Explain how to use the iso-cost line in a graphical minimization problem. lop4
Compare how the corner-point and iso-profit line methods work for solving graphical problems. lop4
Where a constraint crosses the vertical or horizontal axis, the quantity is fairly obvious. How does one go about finding the quantity coordinates where two constraints cross, not at an axis? lop4
Formulate your own optimization (maximization)problem with three variables, one objective, and three constraints. lop4
Solve the following LP problem graphically:Maximize profit = 4X + 6Y Subject to: X + 2Y … 8 5X + 4Y … 20 X, Y Ú 0 lop4
Solve the following LP problem graphically: lop4 Maximize profit = X + 10Y Subject to: 4X + 3Y … 36 2X + 4Y … 40 Y Ú 3 X, Y Ú 0
Consider the following LP problem: lop4 Maximize profit = 30X1 + 10X2 Subject to: 3X1 + X2 … 300 X1 + X2 … 200 X1 … 100 X2 Ú 50 X1, X2 Ú 0a) Solve the problem graphically.b) Is there more than one optimal solution? Explain.
Par, Inc., produces a standard golf bag and a deluxe golf bag on a weekly basis. Each golf bag requires time for cutting and dyeing and time for sewing and finishing, as shown in the following table:HOURS REQUIRED PER BAG PRODUCT CUTTING AND DYEING SEWING AND FINISHING Standard bag 1/2 1 Deluxe bag
Solve the following linear programming problem graphically: lop4 Maximize Z = 3X + 5Y Subject to: 4X + 4Y … 48 1X + 2Y … 20 Y Ú 2 X,Y Ú 0
The Outdoor Furniture Corporation manufactures two products, benches and picnic tables, for use in yards and parks.The firm has two main resources: its carpenters (labor force) and a supply of redwood for use in furniture. During the next production cycle, 1,200 hours of labor are available under a
Solve the following LP problem graphically:Maximize Z = 4X1 + 4X2 Subject to: 3X1 + 5X2 … 150 X1 - 2X2 … 10 5X1 + 3X2 … 150 X1, X2 Ú 0
Solve the following LP problem graphically. Indicate the corner points on your graph.Maximize profit = +3X1 + +5X2 Subject to: X2 … 6 3X1 + 2X2 … 18 X1, X2 Ú 0 lop4
Solve the following LP problem graphically: lop4 Minimize cost = 24X + 15Y Subject to: 7X + 11Y Ú 77 16X + 4Y Ú 80 X, Y Ú 0
Consider Paul Jordan’s following LP formulation:Minimize cost = +1X1 + +2X2 Subject to: X1 + 3X2 Ú 90 8X1 + 2X2 Ú 160 3X1 + 2X2 Ú 120 X2 … 70a) Graphically illustrate the feasible region to indicate to Jordan which corner point produces the optimal solution.b) What is the cost of this
Solve the following LP problem graphically:Minimize cost = 4X1 + 5X2 Subject to: X1 + 2X2 Ú 80 3X1 + X2 Ú 75 X1, X2 Ú 0
A feed processor in Delta Egypt must store various amounts of three different commodities in five different silos.The loading cost per ton in E£, the amount to be stored in tons, and the capacity of each silo in tons are shown in the table below:COMMODITY SILO AMOUNT TO BE A B C D E STORED 1 100
The intensive care unit (ICU) at a certain hospital operates 24 hours a day. Doctors report for duty at 6 a.m., 12 p.m., 6 p.m., or 12 a.m., and the following table below shows the minimum number of doctors that should be available during different periods.PERIOD TIME NUMBER OF DOCTORS REQUIRED 1 6
Leach Distributors packages and distributes industrial supplies. A standard shipment can be packaged in a class A container, a class K container, or a class T container. A single class A container yields a profit of $9; a class K container, a profit of$7; and a class T container, a profit of $15.
A car manufacturer has production plants in Germany, the U.K., and France and exports to some other countries. The manufacturer’s supply chain includes manufacturer, distributors, and retailers. The plant in Germany wants to export 5,000 cars, the U.K., 2,500 cars, and France, 3,000 cars. Cars
You have just been hired as a planner for the municipal school system, and your first assignment is to redesign the subsidized lunch program. In particular, you are to formulate the least expensive lunch menu that will still meet all state and federal nutritional guidelines. lop4
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