Questions and Answers of Organizational Behaviour Concepts

How important are the following: (a) the grapevine; (b) nonverbal communication?
What is meant by communication networks and social networks?
What form does communication as transactions take?
Identify the steps in the communication cycle.
Examine the role of new technology, including digital tools, online labour platforms, in communication.
In what ways do positive and negative emotion, silence, and lying afect the quality of oral communication?
Comment on the signifcance of cultural diferences in communication.
Discuss the importance of storytelling as a method to improve communication.
Define the communication skills applicable to listening and feedback.
Distinguish between dominant cultures and sub-cultures, and between strong and weak cultures.
What are the features of the “liability of a strong culture”?
Distinguish between learning and performance.
Define the following processes in classical conditioning:(a) generalization;(b) extinction;(c) conditioned stimulus;(d) discrimination; and(e) conditioned learning.
What is the significance of the association between an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus in the Feld of marketing?
Explain the following terms:(a) primary and secondary reinforcement;(b) positive and negative reinforcement;(c) concurrent reinforcement;(d) avoidance conditioning;and(e) contiguity and contingent.
Assess the relative strengths of different schedules of reinforcement in a business context.
Comment on the differences between programmed learning and behaviour modification.
Discuss behaviour modification as a technique used to change work behaviour.
Compare and contrast operant conditioning and cognitive learning.
Outline the different phases of skills development in cognitive learning, and comment on the part played by feedback.
Discuss the significance of knowledge management for an organization exposed to highly competitive market conditions.
Explain what is meant by the learning organization.
Identify the differences between long-term and working memory, and comment on the effects of ageing on memory.
Using examples from business practice to illustrate your answer, what do you understand by:(a) an associative hierarchy; and(b) mnemonics?
Explain the following terms:(a) chunk;(b) schemata and scripts;(c) rehearsal; (d)interference and decay;(e) primacy and recency effects;(f) episodic and generic memory; and (g) imagination in memory
Identify the aspect of memory of direct relevance to eyewitness testimony.
Is age a relevant factor when it comes to the retrieval of information from memory?
Define the following:(a) part or whole method;(b) massed or distributed practice;(c) action learning;(d) competencies,(e) e-learning; and(f) transfer of learning (i.e. training).
Why is it important to carry out an assessment of training needs before setting training objectives?
Review the training methods at the disposal of the trainer and indicate the method(s)you consider appropriate in the training of:(a) airline pilots; and(b) sales representatives.
List the activities that comprise a well-developed management development programme.
Comment on why it is necessary to evaluate training, and mention the important issues involved in such an exercise.
Consider the factors that one ought to consider when examining career choice.
Comment on the suggestion that planning a career is as important today as it has ever been.
Why is talent management becoming such an important feature of management development in contemporary society?
Identify the steps in the decision cycle. To what extent do decisions in real life follow this process?
Comment on the conditions appropriate to(a) unstructured decisions and(b) structured decisions.
List models of decision making and decision biases.
Identify the part played by culture and ethics in decision making.
Examine the significance of subjective rationality and escalation of commitment in decision making under conditions of uncertainty, with reference to personal investment.
Discuss the different types of heuristic techniques, using illustrations from investor psychology or behavioural finance.
What do you understand by the notion of decision-support systems?
Comment on the interaction between decision styles and neurological functioning in the way information is processed in decision making.
Illustrate decision styles with reference to the model of your choice.
Distinguish an adaptor from an innovator.
Describe the characteristics of the creative person and discuss ways in which organizations may cultivate creativity among employees.
Comment on creativity in relation to mental illness and deviance.
Describe the way in which innovation is reflected in organizations, and distinguish between open and closed innovation.
List the characteristics of the intrapreneur.
Explain the following terms:(a) intuition;(b) brain writing; and(c) mind mapping.
Explain what is meant by the components of an attitude.
Distinguish between attitudes and values, and comment on the genetic basis of values.
Comment on generational differences in work values.
Examine the frameworks used to categorize values.
Assess the signifcance of the work ethic in contemporary society.
Prefect on the relevance of business ethics.
What influences the formation of attitudes?
Outline the functions performed by attitudes.
Explain what is meant by prejudice and discrimination and discuss the factors that give rise to prejudice.
In what way does compliance differ from internalization when the focus is on sources of attitude change?
Why is the social information-processing approach referred to as a situational view of attitudes?
Examine the merits and demerits of one-sided and two-sided arguments in the communication of messages designed to change attitudes.
In connection with communication and persuasion, explain the following terms:(a) primacy effect;(b) public commitment;(c) threats and fear;(d) opinion leaders;(e) credibility; and(f) the sleeper
Discuss any one of the consistency theories and explore its application to business practice.
What is the alternative view to cognitive dissonance?
Examine the methods for measuring attitudes.
Explain the theory of planned behaviour.
“Te relationship between job satisfaction and outcomes (e.g. performance and absenteeism) may not be as clear-cut as many people think.” Discuss.
What are the differences between job satisfaction, organizational commitment, employee engagement, and organizational citizenship?
Identify the component parts of commitment.
Consider the importance of genetic factors and emotion (including happiness) in the study of job satisfaction.
State any link between job satisfaction and life satisfaction.
Define job dissatisfaction and reflect on severe negative outcomes associated with it.
Define what is meant by a group and give examples of different types of groups.
What is the difference between an internally imposed norm and an externally imposed norm?
Explain the following terms, which are used to describe the characteristics of a group:(a) communication networks;(b) group dynamics; and(c) geographic proximity.
Examine the relationship between cohesiveness and productivity.
Identify the structural factors discussed in the context of the characteristics of the group, and single out the factor(s) you consider are critical for our understanding of groups.
Give the reasons why you joined your favourite group, other than your family.
What is the difference between:(a) a membership group and a reference group; and(b) a normative reference group and a comparative reference group?
Discuss the suggestion that reference groups infuence consumer behaviour.
What is the signifcance of the Hawthorne studies in the context of group norms as a social comparative infuence?
Comment on the relevance of the findings of Asch’s experiment in an applied setting.
Describe Milgram’s work on obedience to authority and suggest the most appropriate type of organization where social control is legitimate.
With reference to decision-making groups, explain the following with examples from business practice:(a) group discussion;(b) risky shift and cautious shift;(c) team think; and(d) groupthink.
Consider the reported major explosion at a nuclear plant, using groupthink as the tool of analysis of the event.
Discuss the factors likely to infuence inter-group performance.
In what way does a team differ from a group?
Identify the factors that have given rise to the current interest in teams within organizations.
Comment on the benefts associated with team systems of working.
Assess the signifcance of contextual factors with respect to teams.
Identify the features of the high-performance team.
Highlight the problems with teambuilding, and suggest means of tackling them.
How does one improve the performance of teams who have a lot of experience of working together?
What is(a) a multi-team-system,(b) a project team,(c) a venture team,(d) a global team,(e) team efficacy,(f) Team X, and (g) mental models?
Identify the approaches to management team development, and comment on the approach that has the greatest appeal to you.
What is the signifcance of diversity in relation to the effectiveness of teams?
Examine the role of leadership in modern teams.
Comment on empowerment.
Explain the role of trust in team management.

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