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Statistics For The Behavioral And Social Sciences 5th Edition Arthur Aron Elliot Coups, Elaine N. Aron - Solutions
34. A data set consists of 145 observations that range from 56 to 490. What size class interval would you recommend?
33. A data set consists of 83 observations. How many classes would you recommend for a frequency distribution?
32. Alexandra Dawn will be building a new resort in Cape Breton. She must decide how to design the resort based on the type of activities that the resort will offer to its customers. A recent poll of 300 potential customers showed that 63 liked planned activities, 135 did not like planned
31. Describe the similarities and differences of quantitative and qualitative variables. Be sure to consider the following:a. What level of measurement is required for each variable type?b. Can both types be used to describe both samples and populations?
30. Altar Banking Co. is studying the number of times its automatic teller, located in a Loblaws supermarket, is used each day. The following is the number of times it was used during each of the last 30 days. Develop a stem-and-leaf chart. Summarize the data on the number of times the automatic
29. A survey of the number of calls received by a sample of Southern Phone Company subscribers last week revealed the following information. Develop a stem-and-leaf chart. How many calls did a typical subscriber receive? What were the largest and the smallest number of calls received? 52 43 30 38
28. The following stem-and-leaf chart reports the number of movies rented per day at Video Connection: 12 6 8 9 13 1 2 3 14 6 8 8 9 15 5 8 9 16 3 5 17 2 4 5 6 8 18 2 6 8 19 1 3 4 5 6 20 0 3 4 6 7 9 21 2 2 3 9 22 7 8 9 23 0 0 1 7 9 24 8 25 1 3 26 27 0a. How many days were studied?b. How many
27. The following stem-and-leaf chart shows the number of units produced per day in a factory: 3 8 4 5 6 6 0 1 3 3 5 5 9 7 0 2 3 6 7 7 8 8 5 9 9 0 0 1 5 6 10 3 6a. How many days were studied?b. How many observations are in the first class?c. What are the smallest and the largest values?d. List the
26. The third row of a stem-and-leaf chart appears as follows: 21 ƒ 0 1 3 5 7 9. Assume whole number values.a. What is the “possible range” of the values in this row?b. How many data values are in this row?c. List the actual values in this row of data.
data.
25. The first row of a stem-and-leaf chart appears as follows: 62 ƒ 1 3 3 7 9. Assume whole number values.a. What is the “possible range” of the values in this row?b. How many data values are in this row?c. List the actual values in this row of
24.a. Convert the frequency distribution to a more-than cumulative frequency distribution.b. Develop cumulative frequency polygons.c. About 25% of the orders were filled in how many days or more?
23.a. How many orders were filled in less than 10 days? In less than 15 days?b. Convert the frequency distribution to a less-than cumulative frequency distribution.c. Develop a less-than cumulative frequency polygon.d. About 60% of the orders were filled in less than how many days?
22.a. Convert the frequency distribution to a more-than cumulative frequency distribution.b. Portray the cumulative distribution in the form of a more-than cumulative frequency polygon.c. About 40% of the employees accumulated more than how many miles?
21.a. How many employees accumulated less than 3000 miles?b. Convert the frequency distribution to a less-than cumulative frequency distribution.c. Portray the cumulative distribution in the form of a less-than cumulative frequency polygon.d. On the basis of the cumulative frequency polygons, about
20. The following chart shows the selling price, in thousands of dollars, of houses sold last month in Corner Brook, Newfoundland:a. How many homes were studied?b. What is the class interval?c. One hundred homes sold for less than what amount?d. About 75% of the homes sold for less than what
19. The following chart shows the hourly wages of a sample of certified welders:a. How many welders were studied?b. What is the class interval?c. About how many welders earn less than $10 per hour?d. About 75% of the welders make less than what amount?e. Ten of the welders studied made less than
18. Stop-One.com, a large Internet retailer, is studying the lead time (elapsed time between when an order is placed and when it is filled) for a sample of recent orders. The lead times are reported in days.Lead Time (days) Frequency 0 to under 5 6 5 to under 10 7 10 to under 15 12 15 to under 20 8
17. The following frequency distribution reports the number of frequent flier miles, reported in thousands, for employees of Brumley Statistical Consulting Inc. during the most recent quarter:Frequent Flier Miles (thousands) Number of Employees 0 to under 3 5 3 to under 6 12 6 to under 9 23 9 to
16. The following chart shows the number of patients admitted daily to Memorial Hospital through the emergency room:a. What is the midpoint of the 2 up to 4 class?b. How many days were 2 up to 4 patients admitted?c. Approximately how many days were studied?d. What is the class interval?e. What is
15. Molly’s Candle Shop has several retail stores in coastal areas. Many of Molly’s customers ask her to ship their purchases. The following chart shows the number of packages shipped per day for the last 100 days:a. What is this chart called?b. What is the total number of frequencies?c. What
14. The food services division at Cedar River Amusement Park is studying the amount families who visit the amusement park spend per day on food and beverages. A random sample of 40 families who visited the park yesterday revealed they spent the following amounts: $77 18 63 84 38 54 50 59 54 56 36
13. The manager of the BiLo Supermarket gathered the following information on the number of times a customer visits the store during a month. The responses of 51 customers were as follows: 5 3 3 1 4 4 5 6 4 2 6 6 6 7 1 1 14 1 2 4 4 4 5 6 3 5 3 4 5 6 8 4 7 6 5 9 11 3 12 4 7 6 5 15 1 1 10 8 9 2 12a.
12. The Quick Change Oil Company has a number of outlets. The numbers of oil changes at the Oak Street outlet in the past 20 days are as follows: 65 98 55 62 79 59 51 90 72 56 70 62 66 80 94 79 63 73 71 85 The data are to be organized into a frequency distribution.a. How many classes would you
11. The Wachesaw Manufacturing Co. produced the following number of units in the last 16 days: 27 27 27 28 27 25 25 28 26 28 26 28 31 30 26 26 The information is to be organized into a frequency distribution.a. How many classes would you recommend?b. What class interval would you suggest?c. What
10. A set of data contains 53 observations. The lowest value is 42 and the largest is 129. The data are to be organized into a frequency distribution.a. How many classes would you suggest?b. What would you suggest as the lower limit of the first class?
9. A set of data consists of 230 observations between $235 and $567. What class interval would you recommend?
8. A set of data consists of 45 observations between $0 and $29. What size would you recommend for the class interval?
7. A set of data consists of 38 observations. How many classes would you recommend for the frequency distribution?
6. Shown below are the student loan amounts for 2014 for eight students in the business administration program. Develop a bar chart for the data, and summarize the results in a brief report. Name Amount ($) Name Amount ($) Susan Chan $6087 Daniel Ng $3228 Sam Simone 4747 Erin Brooks 2828 Mary
5. Wellstone Inc. produces and markets replacement covers for cell phones in a variety of colours. The company would like to allocate its production plans to five different colours: bright white, metallic black, magnetic lime, tangerine orange, and fusion red. The company set up a kiosk in the
4. The National Household Survey conducted by Statistics Canada in 2011 reports that 851 560 people identified themselves as First Nations persons, 451 795 identified themselves as Metis, 59 445 identified themselves as Inuit, multiple Aboriginal identities were reported by 11 415, and Aboriginal
3. A total of 1000 residents in Manitoba were asked which season they preferred. The results were: 100 liked winters best, 300 liked spring, 400 liked summer, and 200 liked fall. If the data were summarized in a frequency distribution, how many classes would be used? What would be the relative
2. In a marketing study, 100 consumers were asked to select the best digital music player from the iPod, the iRiver, and the Magic Star MP3. To summarize the consumer responses with a frequency table, how many classes would the frequency table have?
1. A small business consultant is investigating the performance of several companies. The fourthquarter sales for last year (in thousands of dollars) for the selected companies were as follows:The consultant wants to include a chart in his report comparing the sales of the six companies. Use a bar
41. What level of measurement is used when students are classified by eye colour? .
40. The jersey numbers on baseball uniforms is an example of the level of measurement.
39. Is the number of bedrooms in a house a discrete or continuous variable? .
38. The level of measurement has the characteristic that the distance between values is a constant size.
37. The level of measurement presumes that one classification is ranked higher than another.
36. The level of measurement has a significant zero point.
35. With the level of measurement, the data are sorted into categories with no particular order to the categories.
33. A portion, or part, of the group of interest is referred to as a . 34. The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest is known as a .
32. The methods used to estimate a value of a population on the basis of a sample are called .
31. Methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an enlightening way are called .
30. The science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions is referred to as .
29. Refer to the “CREA (Canadian Real Estate Association)” data, on Connect, which include information on average house prices nationally and in a selection of cities across Canada. Consider the variables region and average house prices.a. Which of the variables are quantitative, and which are
28. Refer to the “Average Earnings by Sex and Work Pattern” data, on Connect, which include information on the average salary earned by men and women in Canada. The variables are year, women, men, and earnings ratio (%).a. Which of the four variables are qualitative, and which are
27. Refer to “The Best Cities in Canada to Move for Work” data, on Connect, which include the ratings for several cities. Consider the variables: city and jobless rate (%).a. Which of these variables are quantitative, and which are qualitative?b. Determine the level of measurement for each of
26. Refer to the “Real Estate —Rockland Area” data, on Connect, which include information on listed homes for February 2014. Consider the variables: list price, listing number, type, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, title, and area.a. Which of the variables are qualitative, and which
25. The variable “gender”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. What is its level of measurement?
24. The variable “major”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. What is its level of measurement?
23. Would the five selected employees be considered a population or a sample? Use the following information to answer questions 24 and 25. A survey of students in the School of Business at Northern College revealed the following regarding the gender and majors of the students: Major Gender
22. Would the 50 employees be considered a population or a sample?
21. The variable “number of litres”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. Is it discrete or continuous?c. What is its level of measurement? Use the following information to answer questions 22 and 23. PlayTime Toys Inc. employs 50 people in the Assembly Department. Of the employees, 40 belong
20. Is the information collected from a sample or a population?
19. The variable “box office budget”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. Is it discrete or continuous?c. What is its level of measurement? Use the following information to answer questions 20 and 21. The Shell station on Portage Avenue in Winnipeg is studying the number of litres of fuel
18. The variable “box office sales”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. Is it discrete or continuous?c. What is its level of measurement?
17. The variable “grade”:a. Is it qualitative or quantitative?b. Is it discrete or continuous?c. What is its level of measurement? Use the following information to answer questions 18 and 19. Is there a relationship between box offi ce sales and the associated box offi ce budget (total amount
16. “Statistics 101”:a. Is it a qualitative or quantitative variable?b. What is its level of measurement?
15. The following table reports the number of tickets sold at an ice rink for sports activities for the months of January 2014 and January 2015:a. Compare the total sales in the two years. What would you conclude? Has there been an increase or decrease in sales?b. Compare the percentage change in
14. A random sample of 500 customers is asked to comment on the take-out service at The Chicken Hut. Of the 500 customers surveyed, 400 said it was excellent, 32 thought it was fair, and the remaining customers had no opinion. On the basis of these sample findings, make an inference about the
13. A random sample of 300 executives out of 2500 employed by a large firm showed that 270 would move to another location if it meant a substantial promotion. On the basis of these findings, write a brief note to management regarding all executives in the firm.
12. Using data from magazines or your local newspaper, give examples of nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio levels of measurement.
11. Electronic book readers allow users to browse, shop, download, and read e-books, blogs, newspapers, and magazines, all displayed in full colour. Assume that you know the number of units sold each day for the last month at the West Edmonton Mall. Describe a condition in which this information
10. A company conducts a survey of a large number of college undergraduates for information on the following variables: the name of their cell phone provider (e.g., Rogers, Bell), the numbers of minutes used last month (e.g., 200, 400), and their satisfaction with the service (e.g., Terrible,
9. For the following variables, classify each as discrete or continuous qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement:a. Salary.b. Gender.c. Sales volume of MP3 players.d. Soft drink preference.e. Temperature.f. GPA score. g. Student rank in class. h. Rating of a new movie. i.
8. For the following questions, would you collect information using a sample or a population? Why?a. Statistics 201 is a course taught at a college. Professor K. Khan has taught nearly 1500 students in the course over the past five years. You would like to know the average grade for the course.b.
7. Explain the difference between a discrete variable and a continuous variable. Give an example of each not included in the text.
6. Explain the difference between a sample and a population.
5. Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative data. Give an example of qualitative and quantitative data.
4. For each of the following, determine whether the group is a sample or a population:a. The participants in a study of a new diabetes drug.b. The drivers who received a speeding ticket in Halifax last month.c. Those on welfare in Victoria, B.C.d. The 30 stocks reported as a part of the Toronto
3. Look in the latest edition of your local newspaper and find examples of each level of measurement. Write a brief memo summarizing your findings.
2. What is the level of measurement for these items related to the newspaper business?a. The number of papers sold each Sunday during 2014.b. The number of employees in each of the departments, such as editorial, advertising, sports, and so on.c. A summary of the number of papers sold by county.d.
1. What is the level of measurement for each of the following variables?a. Student IQ (intelligence quotient) ratings.b. Distances students travel to class.c. Student scores on the first statistics test.d. A classification of students by province of birth.e. A ranking of students by letter
Give an example of something having these distribution shapes: (a) bimodal,(b) approximately rectangular, and (c) positively skewed. Do not use an example given in this text or in class.
Make up and draw an example of each of the following distributions: (a) symmetrical,(b) rectangular, and (c) skewed to the right.
Mouradian (2001) surveyed college students selected from a screening session to include two groups: (a) “Perpetrators”—students who reported at least one violent act (hitting, shoving, etc.) against their partner in their current or most recent relationship—and (b)
Nownes (2000) surveyed representatives of interest groups who were registered as lobbyists of three U.S. state legislatures. One of the issues he studied was whether interest groups are in competition with each other. Table 10 (Nownes’s Table 1) shows the results for one such question. (a) Using
Explain to a person who has never taken a course in statistics the meaning of a grouped frequency table.
Here are the number of holiday gifts purchased by 25 families randomly interviewed at a local mall at the end of the holiday season:22, 18, 22, 26, 19, 14, 23, 27, 2, 18, 28, 28, 11, 16, 34, 28, 13, 21, 32, 17, 6, 29, 23, 22, 19 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a grouped frequency table using
A researcher asked 15 college students how many times they “fell in love” before they were 11 years old. The numbers of times were as follows:2, 0, 6, 0, 3, 1, 0, 4, 9, 0, 5, 6, 1, 0, 2 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c) describe the general shape of the distribution.
An organizational researcher asks 20 employees in a company to rate their job satisfaction on a 5-point scale from unsatisfied to satisfied. The ratings were as follows:3, 2, 3, 4, 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 2, 3, 3, 4, 1, 3, 2, 4 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c) describe the
Pick a book and page number of your choice (select a page with at least 30 lines;do not pick a textbook or any book with tables or illustrations). Make a list of the number of words on each line; use that list as your group of scores. Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c)
Here are the number of children in each of 30 classrooms in an elementary school:24, 20, 35, 25, 25, 22, 26, 28, 38, 15, 25, 21, 24, 25, 25, 24, 25, 20, 32, 25, 22, 26, 26, 28, 24, 22, 26, 21, 25, 24 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c) describe the general shape of the
Explain and give an example for each of the following types of variables: (a)equal-interval, (b) rank-order, and (c) nominal.
A participant in a research study is given 50 words to remember and later asked to recall as many of the words as she can. This participant recalls 17. What is the(a) variable, (b) possible values, and (c) score?
McKee and Ptacek (2001) asked 90 college students about a time they had “delivered bad news” to someone. Table 9 (their Table 1) shows the results for the type of bad news given. (a) Using this table as an example, explain the idea of a frequency table to a person who has never had a course in
What is a ceiling effect?
Explain to a person who has never had a course in statistics what is meant by (a) a symmetrical unimodal distribution and (b) a negatively skewed unimodal distribution.(Be sure to include in your first answer an explanation of what “distribution” means.)
The following data are the number of minutes it took each of 34 10-year-olds to do a series of abstract puzzles:24, 83, 36, 22, 81, 39, 60, 62, 38, 66, 38, 36, 45, 20, 20, 67, 41, 87, 41, 82, 35, 82, 28, 80, 80, 68, 40, 27, 43, 80, 31, 89, 83, 24 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a grouped
These are the scores on a measure of sensitivity to smell taken by 25 chefs attending a national conference:96, 83, 59, 64, 73, 74, 80, 68, 87, 67, 64, 92, 76, 71, 68, 50, 85, 75, 81, 70, 76, 91, 69, 83, 75 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) histogram. (c) Make a grouped frequency table using
Following are the speeds of 40 cars clocked by radar on a particular road in a 35-mph zone on a Sunday afternoon:30, 36, 42, 36, 30, 52, 36, 34, 36, 33, 30, 32, 35, 32, 37, 34, 36, 31, 35, 20, 24, 46, 23, 31, 32, 45, 34, 37, 28, 40, 34, 38, 40, 52, 31, 33, 15, 27, 36, 40 Make (a) a frequency table
Fifty students were asked how many hours they had studied this weekend. Here are their answers:11, 2, 0, 13, 5, 7, 1, 8, 12, 11, 7, 8, 9, 10, 7, 4, 6, 10, 4, 7, 8, 6, 7, 10, 7, 3, 11, 18, 2, 9, 7, 3, 8, 7, 3, 13, 9, 8, 7, 7, 10, 4, 15, 3, 5, 6, 9, 7, 10, 6 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a
A particular block in a suburban neighborhood has 20 households. The number of children in these households is as follows:2, 4, 2, 1, 0, 3, 6, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2 Make (a) a frequency table and (b) a histogram. Then (c) describe the general shape of the distribution.
Name the kind of variable for each of the following: (a) ethnic group to which a person belongs, (b) number of times a mouse makes a wrong turn in a laboratory maze, and (c) position one finishes in a race.
You fill out a survey question that asks you to give the likelihood that you will vote in an upcoming election. The question uses a 5-point response scale from at all likely to likely and you answer “5.” What are the (a)variable, (b) possible values, and (c) score?
A client rates her satisfaction with her vocational counselor as a “3” on a 4-point scale from at all satisfied to satisfied. What are the (a) variable,(b) possible values, and (c) score?
When a distribution is described as heavy-tailed or light-tailed, what is it being compared to?
What kind of skew is created by (a) a floor effect and (b) a ceiling effect?
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