Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis 5th Edition Roxy Peck, Chris Olsen, Jay L Devore - Solutions

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(a) Find the r.m.s. size of the list 7, 7, 7, 7.(b) Repeat, for the list 7, -7, 7, -7. p-968
Guess whether the r.m.s. size of each of the following lists of numbers is around 1, 10, or 20. No arithmetic is required. p-968(a) 1, 5, -7, 8, -10, 9, -6, 5, 12, -17(b) 22, -18, -33, 7, 31, 12, 1, 24, -6, -16(c) 1, 2, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -3, 0, 1
(a) Find the average and the r.m.s. size of the numbers on the list 1, -3, 5, -6, 3.(b) Do the same for the list -11, 8, -9, -3, 15. p-968
For each of the following lists of numbers, say whether the entries are on the whole around 1, 5, or 10 in size. No arithmetic is needed. p-968(a) 1.3, 0.9, 1.2, 0.8(c) 7, 3, 6, 4(b) 13, 9, 12, 8(d) 7, -3, -6, 4
For registered students at universities in the U.S., which is larger: average age or median age? p-968
For this cigarette histogram, is the average around 15, 20, or 25? p-968
Look back at the cigarette histogram on p. 42. The median is around ______ . Fill in the blank. Options: 10, 20, 30, 40 p-968
For each histogram in exercise 1, is the median equal to the average? or is it to the left? to the right? p-968
Below are sketches of histograms for three lists. Fill in the blank for each list: the average is around ______ . Options: 25, 40, 50, 60, 75. p-968(a)(b)(c)ANA 50 100 50 100 50 100
Average hourly earnings are computed each month by the Bureau of Labor Statis- tics using payroll data from commercial establishments. The Bureau figures the total wages paid out (to nonsupervisory personnel), and divides by the total hours worked. During recessions, average hourly earnings
Diastolic blood pressure is considered a better indicator of heart trouble than sys-tolic pressure. The figure below shows age-specific average diastolic blood pres-sure for the men age 20 and over in HANES5 (2003-04). True or false: the data show that as men age, their diastolic blood pressure
In figure 2, are the Rocky Mountains plotted near the left end of the axis, the middle, or the right end? What about Kansas? What about the trenches in the sea floor, like the Marianas trench? p-968
Twenty-one people in a room have an average height of 5 feet 6 inches. A 22nd person enters the room. How tall would he have to be to raise the average height by 1 inch? p-968
Twenty-one people in a room have an average height of 5 feet 6 inches. A 22nd person, who is 6 feet 5 inches tall, enters the room. Find the average height of all 22 people. Compare with exercise 4. p-968
Ten people in a room have an average height of 5 feet 6 inches. An 11th person, who is 6 feet 5 inches tall, enters the room. Find the average height of all 11 people. p-968
Which of the following two lists has a bigger average? Or are they the same? Try to answer without doing any arithmetic. p-968(i) 10, 7, 8, 3, 5, 9 (ii) 10, 7, 8, 3, 5, 9, 11
A list has 10 entries. Each entry is either 1 or 2 or 3. What must the list be if the average is 1? If the average is 3? Can the average be 4? p-968
(a) The numbers 3 and 5 are marked by crosses on the horizontal line below. Find the average of these two numbers and mark it by an arrow.*3 5(b) Repeat (a) for the list 3, 5, 5.X 3*5(c) Two numbers are shown below by crosses on a horizontal axis. Draw an arrow pointing to their average. p-968
12.31 Can people tell the difference between a female nose and a male nose? This important (?) research question was examined in the article “You Can Tell by the Nose: Judging Sex from an Isolated Facial Feature”(Perception [1995]: 969–973). Eight Caucasian males and eight Caucasian females
12.30 A story describing a date rape was read by 352 high school students. To investigate the effect of the victim’s clothing on subject’s judgment of the situation described, the story was accompanied by either a photograph of the victim dressed provocatively, a photo of the victim dressed
12.29 A survey was conducted in the San Francisco Bay area in which each participating individual was classified according to the type of vehicle used most often and city of residence. A subset of the resulting data are given in the accompanying table (The Relationship of Vehicle Type Choice to
12.28 The 2006 Expedia Vacation Deprivation Survey(Ipsos Insight, May 18, 2006) described the results of a poll of working adults in Canada. Each person in a random sample was classified according to gender and the number of vacation days he or she usually took each year. The resulting data are
12.25 Each person in a large sample of German adolescents was asked to indicate which of 50 popular movies they had seen in the past year. Based on the response, the amount of time (in minutes) of alcohol use contained in the movies the person had watched was estimated. Each person was then
12.23 Does including a gift with a request for a donation affect the proportion who will make a donation?This question was investigated in a study described in the report “Gift-Exchange in the Field”(Institute for the Study of Labor, 2007). In this study, letters were sent to a large number of
12.27 The paper “Overweight Among Low-Income Preschool Children Associated with the Consumption of Sweet Drinks” (Pediatrics [2005]: 223–229) described a study of children who were underweight or normal weight at age 2. Children in the sample were classified according to the number of sweet
12.24 The paper “Credit Card Misuse, Money Attitudes, and Compulsive Buying Behavior: Comparison of Internal and External Locus of Control Consumers” (College Student Journal [2009]: 268–275) describes a study that surveyed a sample of college students at two midwestern public universities.
12.26 In a study to determine if hormone therapy increases risk of venous thrombosis in menopausal women, each person in a sample of 579 women who had been diagnosed with venous thrombosis was classified according to hormone use. Each woman in a sample of 2243 women who had not been diagnosed with
12.32 The following passage is from the paper “Gender Differences in Food Selections of Students at a Historically Black College and University” (College Student Journal[2009]: 800–806):Also significant was the proportion of males and their water consumption (8 oz. servings)compared to
12.33 The press release titled “Nap Time” (pewresearch.org, July 2009) described results from a nationally representative survey of 1488 adult Americans. The survey asked several demographic questions (such as gender, age, and income) and also included a question asking respondents if they had
2. Combine the responses you collected with those of the other members of your group to form a single sample. Summarize the resulting data in a one-way frequency table.
3. If people are adept at picking digits at random, what would you expect for the proportion of the responses in the sample that were 0? that were 1?
4. State a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis that could be tested to determine whether there is evidence that the 10 digits from 0 to 9 are not selected an equal proportion of the time when people are asked to pick a digit at random.
5. Carry out the appropriate hypothesis test, and write a few sentences indicating whether or not the data support the theory that people are not good random number generators.
1. As a class, develop a plan for collecting the data. How will subjects be recruited? How will they be assigned to one of the two treatment groups (unaltered color, altered color)? What extraneous variables will be directly controlled, and how will you control them?
1. Each member of the group should complete this step individually. Ask 25 different people to pick a digit from 0 to 9 at random. Record the responses.
2. Television is a refuge for people who are already unhappy. TV is not judgmental nor difficult, so people with few social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it. Furthermore, chronic unhappiness can be socially and personally debilitating and can interfere with work and most
1. Television viewing is a pleasurable enough activity with no lasting benefit, and it pushes aside time spent in other activities—ones that might be less immediately pleasurable, but that would provide long-term benefits in one’s condition. In other words, television does cause people to be
12.34 Using data from a national survey, the authors of the paper “What Do Happy People Do?” (Social Indicators Research [2008]: 565–571) concluded that there was convincing evidence of an association between amount of time spent watching television and whether or not a person reported that
12.22 In a study of high-achieving high school graduates, the authors of the report “High-Achieving Seniors and the College Decision” (Lipman Hearne, October 2009) surveyed 828 high school graduates who were considered “academic superstars” and 433 graduates who were considered “solid
12.19 The authors of the paper “The Relationship of Field of Study to Current Smoking Status Among College Students” (College Student Journal [2009]: 744–754)carried out a study to investigate if smoking rates were different for college students in different majors.Each student in a large
12.18 The accompanying data on degree of spirituality for a sample of natural scientists and a sample of social scientists working at research universities appeared in the paper “Conflict Between Religion and Science among Academic Scientists” (Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
12.6 The paper “Sociochemosensory and Emotional Functions”(Psychological Science [2009]: 1118–1124) describes an interesting experiment to determine if college students can identify their roommates by smell. Fortyfour female college students participated as subjects in the experiment. Each
12.5 The authors of the paper “Racial Stereotypes in Children’s Television Commercials” (Journal of Advertising Research [2008]: 80–93) counted the number of times that characters of different ethnicities appeared in commercials aired on Philadelphia television stations, resulting in the
12.4 The article “In Bronx, Hitting Home Runs Is A Breeze”(USA Today, June 2, 2009) included a classification of 87 home runs hit at the new Yankee Stadium according to the direction that the ball was hit, resulting in the accompanying data.Direction Left Field Left Center Center Right Center
12.1 A particular cell phone case is available in a choice of four different colors. A store sells all four colors.To test the hypothesis that sales are equally divided among the four colors, a random sample of 100 purchases is identified.a. If the resulting X2 value were 6.4, what conclusion would
12.3 The authors of the paper “Is It Really About Me?Message Content in Social Awareness Streams”(Computer Supported cooperative Work 2010) studied a random sample of 350 Twitter users. For each Twitter user in the sample, the “tweets” sent during a particular time period were analyzed and
12.2 From the given information in each case below, state what you know about the P-value for a chi-square test and give the conclusion for a significance level of a 5 .01.a. X2 5 7.5, df 5 2d. X2 5 21.3, df 5 4b. X2 5 13.0, df 5 6e. X2 5 5.0, df 5 3c. X2 5 18.0, df 5 9
●● test hypotheses about association between two categorical variables using a test of independence and interpret the results in context.
●● test the hypothesis that the distribution of a categorical variable is the same for two or more populations or treatments using a test of homogeneity and interpret the results in context.
●● test hypotheses about the distribution of a categorical variable using a goodness-of-fit test and interpret the results in context.
12.7 How would you answer the following question:Next Wednesday’s meeting has been moved forward two days. What day is the meeting now that it has been rescheduled?This question is ambiguous as “moved forward” can be interpreted in two different ways. Did you answer Monday or Friday? The
12.8 USA Today (“Hybrid Car Sales Rose 81% Last Year, ”April 25, 2005) reported the top five states for sales of hybrid cars in 2004 as California, Virginia, Washington, Florida, and Maryland. Suppose that each car in a sample of 2004 hybrid car sales is classified by state where the sale took
12.17 The paper “Contemporary College Students and Body Piercing” (Journal of Adolescent Health [2004]: 58–61)described a survey of 450 undergraduate students at a state university in the southwestern region of the United States. Each student in the sample was classified according to class
12.16 The report “Mobile Youth Around the World” (The Nielsen Company, December 2010) provided the following information on gender of smartphone users for representative samples of young people age 15 to 24 in several different countries:Country Percent Female Percent Male United States 55%
12.13 ▼ The article “Linkage Studies of the Tomato”(Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute [1931]:1–19) reported the accompanying data on phenotypes resulting from crossing tall cut-leaf tomatoes with dwarf potato-leaf tomatoes. There are four possible phenotypes: (1) tall cut-leaf,
12.12 A certain genetic characteristic of a particular plant can appear in one of three forms (phenotypes).A researcher has developed a theory, according to which the hypothesized proportions are p1 5 .25, p2 5 .50, and p3 5 .25. A random sample of 200 plants yields X2 5 4.63.a. Carry out a test of
12.11 An article about the California lottery that appeared in the San Luis Obispo Tribune (December 15, 1999)gave the following information on the age distribution of adults in California: 35% are between 18 and 34 years old, 51% are between 35 and 64 years old, and 14% are 65 years old or
12.10 The report referenced in the previous exercise(“Fatality Facts 2004: Bicycles”) also classified fatal bicycle accidents according to the month in which the accident occurred, resulting in the accompanying table.Month Number of Accidents January 38 February 32 March 43 April 59 May 78 June
12.9 The report “Fatality Facts 2004: Bicycles” (Insurance Institute, 2004) included the following table classifying 715 fatal bicycle accidents according to time of day the accident occurred.Time of Day Number of Accidents Midnight to 3 a.m. 38 3 a.m. to 6 a.m. 29 6 a.m. to 9 a.m. 66 9 a.m. to
●● the differences between goodness-of-fit tests, tests for homogeneity, and tests of independence.Students will be able to:
13.27 The graphs below are based on data from an experiment to assess the effects of logging on a squirrel population in British Columbia (“Effects of Logging Pattern and Intensity on Squirrel Demography,” The Journal of Wildlife Management [2007]: 2655-2663). Plots of land, each 9 hectares in
13.14 Refer back to Example 13.3 in which the simple linear regression model was fit to data on x 5 proportion who judged candidate A as more competent and y 5 vote difference proportion. For the purpose of estimating b as accurately as possible, would it have been preferable to have observations
13.13 The largest commercial fishing enterprise in the southeastern United States is the harvest of shrimp.In a study described in the paper “Long-term Trawl Monitoring of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus(Linnaeus), Stocks within the ACE Basin National Estuariene Research Reserve, South
13.12 What is the difference between s and sb? What is the difference between sb and sb?
13.11 ● Consider the accompanying data on x 5 advertising share and y 5 market share for a particular brand of soft drink during 10 randomly selected years.x .103 .072 .071 .077 .086 .047 .060 .050 .070 .052 y .135 .125 .120 .086 .079 .076 .065 .059 .051 .039 be appropriate for describing the
13.10 A simple linear regression model was used to describe the relationship between y 5 hardness of molded plastic and x 5 amount of time elapsed since the end of the molding process. Summary quantities included n 5 15, SSResid 5 1235.470, and SSTo 5 25,321.368.a. Calculate an estimate of s. On
13.9 The accompanying summary quantities resulted from a study in which x was the number of photocopy machines serviced during a routine service call and y was the total service time (minutes):n 5 16 o(y 2 y])2 5 22,398.05 osy 2 y⁄ d2 5 2620.57a. What proportion of observed variation in total
13.8 ● Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is thought to increase the risk of breast cancer. The accompanying data on x 5 percent of women using HRT and y 5 breast cancer incidence (cases per 100,000 women) for a region in Germany for 5 years appeared in the paper “Decline in Breast Cancer
13.7 ▼ The authors of the paper “Weight-Bearing Activity during Youth Is a More Important Factor for Peak Bone Mass than Calcium Intake” (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research [1994], 1089–1096) studied a number of variables they thought might be related to bone mineral density (BMD). The
13.6a. Explain the difference between the line y 5 a 1 bx and the line y⁄5 a 1 bx.b. Explain the difference between b and b.c. Let x* denote a particular value of the independent variable. Explain the difference between a 1 bx* and a 1 bx*.d. Explain the difference between s and se.
13.15 Exercise 13.10 summarized data on y 5 hardness of molded plastic and x 5 time elapsed since the molding was completed.Summary quantities included n 5 15 b 5 2.50 SSResid 5 1235.470 osx 2 xd2 5 4024.20a. Calculate the estimated standard deviation of the statistic b.b. Obtain a 95% confidence
13.16 A simple linear regression model was used to describe the relationship between sales revenue y (in thousands of dollars) and advertising expenditure x (also in thousands of dollars) for fast-food outlets during a 3-month period. A random sample of 15 outlets yielded the accompanying summary
13.26 ● In anthropological studies, an important characteristic of fossils is cranial capacity. Frequently skulls are at least partially decomposed, so it is necessary to use other characteristics to obtain information about capacity. One such measure that has been used is the length of the
13.24 ● Consider the accompanying data on x 5 research and development expenditure (thousands of dollars) and y 5 growth rate (% per year) for eight different industries.x 2024 5038 905 3572 1157 327 378 191 y 1.90 3.96 2.44 0.88 0.37 20.90 0.49 1.01a. Would a simple linear regression model
13.23 Exercise 13.16 described a regression analysis in which y 5 sales revenue and x 5 advertising expenditure.Summary quantities given there yield n 5 15 b 5 52.27 sb 5 8.05a. Test the hypothesis H0: b 5 0 versus Ha: b Þ 0 using a significance level of .05. What does your conclusion say about
13.22 ● The accompanying data were read from a plot (and are a subset of the complete data set) given in the article “Cognitive Slowing in Closed-Head Injury” (Brain and Cognition [1996]: 429– 440). The data represent the mean response times for a group of individuals with closed-head
13.21 ●Researchers studying pleasant touch sensations measured the firing frequency (impulses per second)of nerves that were stimulated by a light brushing stroke on the forearm and also recorded the subject’s numerical rating of how pleasant the sensation was.The accompanying data was read
13.19 The authors of the paper “Decreased Brain Volume in Adults with Childhood Lead Exposure” (Public Library of Science Medicine [May 27, 2008]: e112) studied the relationship between childhood environmental lead exposure and a measure of brain volume change in a particular region of the
13.18 The paper “The Effects of Split Keyboard Geometry on Upper Body Postures” (Ergonomics [2009]: 104–111)describes a study to determine the effects of several keyboard characteristics on typing speed. One of the variables considered was the front-to-back surface angle of the keyboard.
13.17 ▼ An experiment to study the relationship between x 5 time spent exercising (minutes) and y 5 amount of oxygen consumed during the exercise period resulted in the following summary statistics.n 5 20 o x 5 50 oy 5 16,705 o x2 5 150 oy2 5 14,194,231 o xy 5 44,194a. Estimate the slope and y
13.5 Suppose that a simple linear regression model is appropriate for describing the relationship between y 5 house price (in dollars) and x 5 house size (in square feet) for houses in a large city. The population regression line is y 5 23,000 1 47x and s 5 5000.a. What is the average change in
13.4 A sample of small cars was selected, and the values of x 5 horsepower and y 5 fuel efficiency (mpg) were determined for each car. Fitting the simple linear regression model gave the estimated regression equation y⁄5 44.0 2 .150x.a. How would you interpret b 5 2.150?b. Substituting x 5 100
12.41 The article “Cooperative Hunting in Lions: The Role of the Individual” (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology[1992]: 445–454) discusses the different roles taken by lionesses as they attack and capture prey. The authors were interested in the effect of the position in line as stalking
12.40 Each boy in a sample of Mexican American males, age 10 to 18, was classified according to smoking status and response to a question asking whether he likes to do risky things. The following table is based on data given in the article “The Association Between Smoking and Unhealthy Behaviors
12.39 Criminologists have long debated whether there is a relationship between weather and violent crime. The author of the article “Is There a Season for Homicide?”(Criminology [1988]: 287–296) classified 1361 homicides according to season, resulting in the accompanying data. Do these data
12.38 According to Census Bureau data, in 1998 the California population consisted of 50.7% whites, 6.6% blacks, 30.6% Hispanics, 10.8% Asians, and 1.3% other ethnic groups. Suppose that a random sample of 1000 students graduating from California colleges and universities in 1998 resulted in the
12.37 In November 2005, an international study to assess public opinion on the treatment of suspected terrorists was conducted (“Most in U.S., Britain, S. Korea and France Say Torture Is OK in at Least Rare Instances,” Associated Press, December 7, 2005). Each individual in random samples of
12.36 ▼ The color vision of birds plays a role in their foraging behavior: Birds use color to select and avoid certain types of food. The authors of the article“Colour Avoidance in Northern Bobwhites: Effects of Age, Sex, and Previous Experience” (Animal Behaviour [1995]:519–526) studied
12.35 Each observation in a random sample of 100 bicycle accidents resulting in death was classified according to the day of the week on which the accident occurred.Data consistent with information given on the web site www.highwaysafety.com are given in the following table Day of Week Frequency
4. The two-way table summarizes data from two independent samples (as long as subjects were assigned at random to the two treatments, the samples are independent).Carry out an appropriate test to determine whether the proportion for each of the three taste rating categories is the same when the
3. Carry out the experiment, and summarize the resulting data in a two-way table like the one shown:Taste Rating Treatment Not Very Good Acceptable Very Good Unaltered Color Altered Color
12.42 The authors of the article “A Survey of Parent Attitudes and Practices Regarding Underage Drinking” (Journal of Youth and Adolescence [1995]: 315–334) conducted a telephone survey of parents with preteen and teenage children. One of the questions asked was “How effective do you think
12.43 The article “Regional Differences in Attitudes Toward Corporal Punishment” (Journal of Marriage and Family[1994]: 314–324) presents data resulting from a random sample of 978 adults. Each individual in the sample was asked whether he or she agreed with the following statement:
13.3 The paper “Predicting Yolk Height, Yolk Width, Albumen Length, Eggshell Weight, Egg Shape Index, Eggshell Thickness, Egg Surface Area of Japanese Quails Using Various Egg Traits as Regressors” (International Journal of Poultry Science [2008]: 85–88) suggests that the simple linear
13.1 Let x be the size of a house (in square feet) and y be the amount of natural gas used (therms) during a specified period. Suppose that for a particular community, x and y are related according to the simple linear regression model with b 5 slope of population regression line 5 .017 a 5 y
●● test hypotheses about the slope of the population regression line and interpret the results in context.
●● construct and interpret a confidence interval for the slope of the population regression line.
●● use scatterplots, residual plots, and normal probability plots to assess the credibility of the assumptions of the simple linear regression model.
●● interpret the parameters of the simple linear regression model in context.
●● that the simple linear regression model provides a basis for making inferences about linear relationships.Students will be able to:

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Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis 5th Edition Roxy Peck, Chris Olsen, Jay L Devore - Solutions

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