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statistics for experimentert

Introductory Statistics 10th Global Edition Neil A. Weiss - Solutions

Consider the data set 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4.a. Guess the value of the sample standard deviation without calculating it. Explain your reasoning.b. Use the defining formula to calculate the sample standard deviation.c. Complete the following statement and explain your reasoning: If all observations
Amphibian Embryos. In a study of the effects of radiation on amphibian embryos titled “Shedding Light on Ultraviolet Radiation and Amphibian Embryos” (BioScience, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 551–561), L. Licht recorded the time it took for a sample of seven different species of frogs’ and toads’
Time Performance. From the Australian Government’s report entitled “Domestic airline on time performance 2013–14”, we found that Regional Express achieved the highest level of on-time departures for 2013–14 at 88.6%, followed by Virgin Australia and Virgin Australia Regional Airline,
Tornado Touchdowns. Each year, tornadoes that touch down are recorded by the Storm Prediction Center and published in Monthly Tornado Statistics. The following table gives the number of tornadoes that touched down in the United States during each month of one year.[SOURCE: National Oceanic and
Technical Merit. In one Winter Olympics, Michelle Kwan competed in the Short Program ladies singles event. From nine judges, she received scores ranging from 1 (poor) to 6 (perfect). The following table provides the scores that the judges gave her on technical merit, found in an article by S. Berry
Australian Cricket Team. From cricketworld4u.com, we found the heights, in meters, of the players of the Australian cricket team.Player Height (m)Micheal Clarke 1.78 Ben Cutting 1.92 Clint McKay 1.94 Mitchell Johnson 1.89 Josh Hazlewood 1.96 Nathan Coulter-Nile 1.90 Shane Watson 1.83 David Warner
Wedding Expenses. In organizing weddings, people spend a large amount of their resources on the destination, photographer, music band, clothes, etc. Most often, the location accounts for the biggest expense. The following table provides the prices of some of the most expensive wedding locations in
The Beatles. The English rock band, The Beatles, was formed in Liverpool in 1960. There are 12 studio albums that are considered part of their core catalogue. In the article, “Length of The Beatles’ Songs” (Chance, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 30–33), T. Koyama lists the album title, date of
Router Horsepower. In the article “Router Roundup” (Popular Mechanics, Vol. 180, No. 12, pp. 104–109), T. Klenck reported on tests of seven fixed-base routers for performance, features, and handling. The following table gives the horsepower for each of the seven routers tested. 1.75 2.25 2.25
Medieval Cremation Burials. In the article “Material Culture as Memory: Combs and Cremations in Early Medieval Britain”(Early Medieval Europe, Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 89–128), H. Williams discussed the frequency of cremation burials found in 17 archaeological sites in eastern England. Here are
Monthly Motorcycle Casualties. The Scottish Executive, Analytical Services Division Transport Statistics, compiles data on motorcycle casualties. During one year, monthly casualties resulting from motorcycle accidents in Scotland for built-up roads and non–built-up roads were as follows.Month
During one year, the numbers of motorcycle accidents in a certain country were tabulated by day of the week for built-up roads and non-built-up roads. The data are shown in the table below.Motorcycle Accidents By Road Type Day Built-up Non–built-up Monday 83 69 Tuesday 108 56 Wednesday 89 59
Japanese Vehicle Exports. The Japan Automobile Manufacturer’s Association provides data on exported vehicles in Motor Vehicle Statistics of Japan. In 2010, cars, trucks, and buses constituted 88.3%, 9.3%, and 2.4% of vehicle exports, respectively. A random sample of last year’s exports yielded
U.S. Hospitals. The American Hospital Association conducts annual surveys of hospitals in the United States and publishes its findings in AHA Hospital Statistics. Data on hospital type for U.S. registered hospitals can be found on the WeissStats site. For convenience, we use the following
Marital Status and Drinking. Research by W. Clark and L. Midanik (Alcohol Consumption and Related Problems: Alcohol and Health Monograph 1. DHHS Pub. No. (ADM) 82–1190) examined, among other issues, alcohol consumption patterns of U.S. adults by marital status. Data for marital status and number
Ballot Preferences. In Issue 338 of the Amstat News, thenpresident of the American Statistical Association, F. Scheuren reported the results of a survey on how members would prefer to receive ballots in annual elections. On the WeissStats site, you will find data for preference and highest degree
The Great White Shark. In an article titled “Great White, Deep Trouble” (National Geographic, Vol. 197(4), pp. 2–29), Peter Benchley—the author of JAWS—discussed various aspects of the Great White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias). Data on the number of pups borne in a lifetime by each of 80
The Beatles. In the article, “Length of The Beatles’ Songs”(Chance, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 30–33), T. Koyama discusses aspects and interpretations of the lengths of songs by The Beatles. Data on the length, in seconds, of 229 Beatles’ songs are presented on the WeissStats site.
High School Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed high school is provided on the WeissStats site.
Bachelor’s Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed a bachelor’s degree is provided on the WeissStats site.
Body Temperature. A study by researchers at the University of Maryland addressed the question of whether the mean body temperature of humans is 98.6◦F. The results of the study by P. Mackowiak et al. appeared in the article “A Critical Appraisal of 98.6◦F, the Upper Limit of the Normal Body
Treating Psychotic Illness. L. Petersen et al. evaluated the effects of integrated treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness in the paper “A Randomised Multicentre Trial of Integrated Versus Standard Treatment for Patients With a First Episode of Psychotic Illness”
The Etruscans. Anthropologists are still trying to unravel the mystery of the origins of the Etruscan empire, a highly advanced Italic civilization formed around the eighth century B.C. in central Italy. Were they native to the Italian peninsula or, as many aspects of their civilization suggest,
Outliers. In Exercise 3.54 on pages 126–127, we discussed outliers, or observations that fall well outside the overall pattern of the data. The following table contains two data sets. Data Set II was obtained by removing the outliers from Data Set I.Data Set I Data Set II 0 12 14 15 23 10 14 15
Weekly Salaries. In the following table, we repeat the salary data in Data Set II from Example 3.1.300 300 940 450 400 400 300 300 1050 300a. Use Definitions 3.4 and 3.6 on pages 121 and 130, respectively, to obtain the sample mean and sample standard deviation of this(ungrouped) data set.b. A
Water Consumption. In the report “Water Poverty in Urban India: A Study of Major Cities”, water consumption in domestic households in major cities of India has been explored. Given below is the data collected from a few houses in New Delhi.Consumption in Liters Frequency (%) Class marks 0–50
Consider the following data set.21 34 5 16 33 21 22 8 14 35 21 27 34 33a. Draw a graph similar to Fig. 3.5 on page 133.b. Compare the percentage of the observations that actually lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean with that given by Chebyshev’s rule with k = 2.c. Repeat
Consider the following data set.82 85 65 91 81 78 94 84 86 84a. Draw a graph similar to Fig. 3.5-.-on page 133.b. Compare the percentage of the observations that actually lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean with that given by Chebyshev’s rule with k = 2.c. Repeat part
In this exercise, you will compare Chebyshev’s rule and the empirical rule.a. Compare the estimates given by the two rules for the percentage of observations that lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean. Comment on the differences.b. Compare the estimates given by the two
A quantitative data set has mean 10 and standard deviation 3.Fill in the following blanks:a. At least 75% of the observations lie between and .b. At least % of the observations lie between 1 and 19.
A quantitative data set has mean 25 and standard deviation 5.Fill in the following blanks:a. At least 89% of the observations lie between and .b. At least % of the observations lie between 15 and 35.
A quantitative data set has mean 15 and standard deviation 2.At least what percentage of the observations lie between 7 and 23?
A quantitative data set has mean 30 and standard deviation 4.At least what percentage of the observations lie between 10 and 50?
A quantitative data set has size 40. At least how many observations lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean?
A quantitative data set has size 80. At least how many observations lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean?
A quantitative data set has size 60. At least how many observations lie within three standard deviations to either side of the mean?
A quantitative data set has size 50. At least how many observations lie within three standard deviations to either side of the mean?
A quantitative data set of size 80 has mean 30 and standard deviation 5. At least how many observations lie between 20 and 40?
A quantitative data set of size 75 has mean 152 and standard deviation 8. At least how many observations lie between 128 and 176?
A quantitative data set of size 200 has mean 20 and standard deviation 4. At least how many observations lie between 8 and 32?
A quantitative data set of size 150 has mean 35 and standard deviation 4. At least how many observations lie between 23 and 47?In each of Exercises 3.120–3.131, the quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. Apply the empirical rule to solve each exercise.
The data set has mean 10 and standard deviation 3. Fill in the following blanks:a. Approximately 68% of the observations lie between and .b. Approximately 95% of the observations lie between and .c. Approximately 99.7% of the observations lie between and .
The data set has mean 25 and standard deviation 5. Fill in the following blanks:a. Approximately 68% of the observations lie between and .b. Approximately 95% of the observations lie between and .c. Approximately 99.7% of the observations lie between and .
The data set has mean 15 and standard deviation 2. Approximately what percentage of the observations lie between 13 and 17?
The data set has mean 30 and standard deviation 4. Approximately what percentage of the observations lie between 22 and 38?
The data set has size 40. Approximately how many observations lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean?
The data set has size 80. Approximately how many observations lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean?
The data set has size 60. Approximately how many observations lie within three standard deviations to either side of the mean?
The data set has size 50. Approximately how many observations lie within one standard deviation to either side of the mean?
The data set has 80 observations and has mean 30 and standard deviation 5. Approximately how many observations lie between 20 and 40?
The data set has 250 observations and has mean 100 and standard deviation 16. Approximately how many observations lie between 52 and 148?
The data set has 200 observations and has mean 20 and standard deviation 4. Approximately how many observations lie between 16 and 24?
The data set has 150 observations and has mean 35 and standard deviation 4. Approximately how many observations lie between 31 and 39?Applying the Concepts and Skills
Exam Scores. Consider the following sample of exam scores, arranged in increasing order.28 57 58 64 69 74 79 80 83 85 85 87 87 89 89 90 92 93 94 94 95 96 96 97 97 97 97 98 100 100 The sample mean and sample standard deviation of these exam scores are 85 and 16.1, respectively. Modeling your
Near-Earth Objects. Objects such as asteroids and comets that come into proximity with the Earth are called near-Earth objects (NEOs). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) tracks and catalogues all NEOs that are at least 1 kilometer wide. Data on NEOs can be found on the NASA
Early-Onset Dementia. Dementia is the loss of intellectual and social abilities severe enough to interfere with judgment, behavior, and daily functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. In the article “Living with Early Onset Dementia:Exploring the Experience and
Iron Deficiency? Iron is essential to most life forms and to normal human physiology. It is an integral part of many proteins and enzymes that maintain good health. Recommendations for iron are provided in Dietary Reference Intakes, developed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of
Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire. The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire is a personality test that measures three major personality dimensions: novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence. In “The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: U.S. Normative Data”, which is
Depressive Symptoms. In “Sociodemographic factors associated with depressive symptoms among elderly persons from two communities in Kingston, Jamaica” (West Indian Medical Journal, Vol. 62, No. 7), to explore possible associations of age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational level and
Alcohol Consumption. In the Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2014, the World Health Organization reports that in 2010, the worldwide consumption was 6.2 liters of pure alcohol per person (15 years or older), which amounts to 13.5 grams of pure alcohol a day. The countrywise total,
The cheetah is the fastest land mammal and is highly specialized to run down prey. The cheetah often exceeds speeds of 60 miles per hour (mph) and is capable of speeds above 72 mph. The accompanying table contains a sample of the top speeds of 35 cheetahs.The sample mean and sample standard
Giant Tarantulas. One of the larger species of tarantulas is the Grammostola mollicoma, whose common name is the Brazilian giant tawny red. A tarantula has two body parts. The anterior part of the body is covered above by a shell, or carapace. F. Costa and F. Perez–Miles discussed the carapace
Student-to-Faculty Ratio. A sample of fifth-grade classes was studied in the journal article “Predicting Feelings of School Safety for Lower, Middle, and Upper School Students” (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Vol. 7, Issue 2, pp. 59–76) by R. Bachman et al. One of the variables
Height. In an article titled “Are Human Mating Preferences with Respect to Height Reflected in Actual Pairings?” (PLOS ONE, Vol. 8, No. 1) by A. Buunk et al., it is observed that women tend to prefer taller men and men tend to be taller than women. For this study a sample of 12,502 couples is
Brain Weights. In 1905, R. Pearl published the article “Biometrical Studies on Man. I. Variation and Correlation in Brain Weight” (Biometrika, Vol. 4, pp. 13–104) in which he studied the brain weights of Swedish males. The brain weights of a random sample of 225 Swedish men have a mean of
The Great Gretzky. Wayne Gretzky, a retired professional hockey player, played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL), from 1980 through 1999. S. Berry explored some of Gretzky’s accomplishments in “A Statistician Reads the Sports Pages” (Chance, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 49–54). The
Cardiovascular Disease: In the article “Influence of Subclinical Atherosclerosis on Diastolic Function in Individuals Free of Cardiovascular Disease” (Arq Bras Cardiol, 2010; Vol. 95, No. 4, pp.473–479), it is observed that in healthy individuals, an early level of subclinical atherosclerotic
Cricketing Career. Sachin Tendulkar is a former international cricket player of India. He played from 1989 to 2013. In a total of 463 ODI (One Day International) matches, he scored 18,426 runs.The following table shows the number of ODI runs he scored in each year of his career.0 239 417 704 319
Skydiving Fatalities. In 2013, United States Parachute Association (USPA) recorded 24 fatal skydiving accidents in the U.S.out of roughly 3.2 million jumps. The data in the following table is the number of fatalities that have occurred from 2000 to 2013.32 35 33 25 21 27 21 18 30 16 21 25 19 24
Hurricanes. An article by D. Schaefer et al. (Journal of Tropical Ecology, Vol. 16, pp. 189–207) reported on a long-term study of the effects of hurricanes on tropical streams of the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. The study shows that Hurricane Hugo had a significant impact on
Sky Guide. The publication California Wild: Natural Sciences for Thinking Animals has a monthly feature called the “Sky Guide” that keeps track of the sunrise and sunset for the first day of each month in San Francisco. Over several issues, B. Quock from the Morrison Planetarium recorded the
A magazine discussed the capital spending of telecommunications companies in two adjacent countries. The capital spending, in thousands of dollars, for each of 27 telecommunications companies is given below. Complete parts (a) through (e) below.3,344 434 3,291 4,617 5,875 149 18,000 3,818 749 7,091
Medieval Cremation Burials. In the article “Material Culture as Memory: Combs and Cremations in Early Medieval Britain”(Early Medieval Europe, Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 89–128), H. Williams discussed the frequency of cremation burials found in 17 archaeological sites in eastern England. Here are
Pizza Diameters. In the article, “Assessing Claims Made by a Pizza Chain” by P. Dunn, (Journal of Statistics Education, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1–19), a sample of pizzas from Domino’s was collected.The intention of the study was to test the claim of a local pizza shop that its pizzas are bigger
Water-Park Attendance. Water parks are a huge summer attraction for vacationers in the United States. The Global Attractions Attendance Report, published by the Themed Entertainment Association, provides the attendance report for theme parks and water parks around the world. The following table
Sales of Cigarettes. In the “Federal Trade Commission Cigarette Report for 2011”, it states that more than 293 billion cigarettes were purchased in the United States in 2011, with three companies selling nearly 85% of them. The tobacco industry spent$8.4 billion on cigarette advertising and
Starting Salaries. The National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) conducts surveys of salary offers to new college graduates and publishes the results in Salary Survey. The following diagram provides boxplots for the starting annual salaries, in thousands of dollars, obtained from
Researchers in obesity wanted to compare the effectiveness of dieting with exercise against dieting without exercise. Seventy-three patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1, composed of patients, was put on a program of dieting with exercise. Group 2, composed of patients, dieted
Cuckoo Care. Many species of cuckoos are brood parasites.The females lay their eggs in the nests of smaller bird species, who then raise the young cuckoos at the expense of their own young. Data on the lengths, in millimeters (mm), of cuckoo eggs found in the nests of three bird species—the Tree
Sickle Cell Disease. A study published by E. Anionwu et al.in the British Medical Journal (Vol. 282, pp. 283–286) examined the steady-state hemoglobin levels of patients with three different types of sickle cell disease: HB SC, HB SS, and HB ST. Use the following boxplots to compare the
Women Students. The U.S. Department of Education sponsors a report on educational institutions, including colleges and universities, titled Digest of Education Statistics. Among many of the statistics provided are the numbers of men and women enrolled in 2-year and 4-year degree-granting
The Great White Shark. In an article titled “Great White, Deep Trouble” (National Geographic, Vol. 197(4), pp. 2–29), Peter Benchley—the author of JAWS—discussed various aspects of the Great White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias). Data on the number of pups borne in a lifetime by each of 80
The Beatles. In the article, “Length of The Beatles’ Songs”(Chance, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 30–33), T. Koyama discusses aspects and interpretations of the lengths of songs by The Beatles. Data on the length, in seconds, of 229 Beatles’ songs are presented on the WeissStats site.
High School Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed high school is provided on the WeissStats site.
Bachelor’s Completion. As reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in Educational Attainment in the United States, the percentage of adults in each state and the District of Columbia who have completed a bachelor’s degree is provided on the WeissStats site.
Body Temperature. A study by researchers at the University of Maryland addressed the question of whether the mean body temperature of humans is 98.6◦F. The results of the study by P. Mackowiak et al. appeared in the article “A Critical Appraisal of 98.6◦F, the Upper Limit of the Normal Body
Treating Psychotic Illness. L. Petersen et al. evaluated the effects of integrated treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness in the paper “A Randomised Multicentre Trial of Integrated Versus Standard Treatment for Patients with a First Episode of Psychotic Illness”
The Etruscans. Anthropologists are still trying to unravel the mystery of the origins of the Etruscan empire, a highly advanced Italic civilization formed around the eighth century B.C. in central Italy. Were they native to the Italian peninsula or, as many aspects of their civilization suggest,
Magazine Ads. Advertising researchers F. Shuptrine and D. McVicker wanted to determine whether there were significant differences in the readability of magazine advertisements. Thirty magazines were classified based on their educational level—high, mid, or low—and then three magazines were
Prolonging Life. Vitamin C (ascorbate) boosts the human immune system and is effective in preventing a variety of illnesses.In a study by E. Cameron and L. Pauling titled “Supplemental Ascorbate in the Supportive Treatment of Cancer: Reevaluation of Prolongation of Survival Times in Terminal
Microwave Popcorn. For a given brand of microwave popcorn, what property is desirable for the population standard deviation of the cooking time? Explain your answer.
Augusta National Golf Course. Earlier in this section, we found that the population mean length of the holes at the Augusta National Golf Club is 413.1 yd. In this context, is the number 413.1 a parameter or a statistic? Explain your answer.
Augusta National Golf Course. Earlier in this section, we found that the population standard deviation of the lengths of the holes at the Augusta National Golf Club is 132.0 yd. In this context, is the number 132.0 a parameter or a statistic? Explain your answer.
Heights of Basketball Players. In Section 3.2, we analyzed the heights of the starting five players on each of two men’s college basketball teams. The heights, in inches, of the players on Team II are 67, 72, 76, 76, and 84. Regarding the five players as a population, solve the following
Heights of Basketball Players. This exercise requires that you have first done Exercise 3.199. In Example 3.12 on page 131, we found that, considering the five starting players on Team II a sample of all male starting college basketball players, the mean and standard deviation of the heights are 75
Age of U.S. Residents. The U.S. Census Bureau collects information about the ages of people in the United States. Results are published in Current Population Reports.a. Identify the variable and population under consideration.b. A sample of six U.S. residents yielded the following data on ages (in
Chinchillidae Range. The family of mammals called Chinchillidae contains the chinchilla and viscachas, which are large South American rodents. The article, “Species Richness and Distribution of Neotropical Rodents, with Conservation Implications” (Mammalia, Vol. 77, Issue 1, pp. 1–19) by G.
Atlantic Basin Hurricanes. The Tropical Cyclone Report, a publication of the National Hurricane Center, contains comprehensive information on each tropical cyclone, including synoptic history, meteorological statistics, casualties, and damages. A hurricane is a tropical cyclone with winds that have
Chess. From fide.com, the official website of the F´ed´eration Internationale des Echecs ´ (FIDE), we obtained the number of games of Chess played in the month of November 2014 by the top 21 players in the 2014 ranking.0 11 0 6 11 6 6 11 11 7 0 11 11 9 9 2 2 13 0 0 11 Obtain the following
STD Surveillance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention compiles reported cases and rates of diseases in United States cities and outlying areas. In a document titled Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, the number of reported cases of all stages of syphilis is provided for cities,

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