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physics
schaums outline of college physics

Questions and Answers of Schaums Outline Of College Physics

A student stands on a freely rotating platform, as shown in Fig. 10-10. With his arms extended, his rotational frequency is 0.25 rev/s. But when he draws his arm in, that frequency becomes 0.80
A large roller in the form of a uniform cylinder is pulled by a tractor to compact earth; it has a 1.80-m diameter and weighs 10 kN. If frictional losses can be ignored, what average horsepower must
A disk like the lower one in Fig. 10-11 has a moment of inertia I = 0.015 0 kg · m2, and is turning at 3.0 rev/s. A trickle of sand falls onto the revolving disk at a distance of 20 cm from the axis
A homogeneous cylinder of radius R and mass m has a moment of inertia about its central axis given byIf a cylinder has a mass of 4000 g and a diameter of 20 cm, what is its moment of inertia about
A disk like the lower one in Fig. 10-11 has a moment of inertia I1 about the vertical axis shown. What will be the new moment of inertia if a tiny mass M is placed on it at a distance R from its
A uniform homogeneous solid disk lies in a horizontal plane. What would happen to the value of its moment of inertia about its central vertical axis if its diameter were doubled, keeping its mass
A uniform homogeneous solid disk having a diameter of 1.80 m and a mass of 2.00 kg is in a horizontal plane. Determine its moment of inertia about its central vertical axis.
Picture a rigid rod of length L having negligible mass. It has two identical tiny spheres both of mass m, one at each end of the rod. Determine the moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to
Suppose we put a third tiny sphere of mass m at the center of the rod in Problem 10.32. Determine the new moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the rod passing through its center, in terms
A flat uniform homogeneous disk is horizontal. It has a radius R and a mass M. A small mass m is dropped onto the disk at a distance r from the center of the disk. Determine an expression for the
Consider the arrangement in the previous problem. Compute the new moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the rod passing through either end, in terms of m and L.Previous problemSuppose we
A uniform homogeneous rod of length L and mass m is in a horizontal plane. Determine its moment of inertia about a vertical axis located at either end.
A uniform homogeneous rod of length L and mass m is in a horizontal plane. It hangs from an essentially massless wire of length L attached to the rod’s center of mass at one end and to a ceiling
We wish to construct a rigid pendulum made of two uniform homogeneous thin rods, each of length L and mass m. They are to be connected so as to form an upside-down letter in a vertical plane.
A force of 200 N acts tangentially on the rim of a wheel 25 cm in radius. (a) Find the torque. (b) Repeat if the force makes an angle of 40° to a spoke of the wheel.
An 8.0-kg wheel has a radius of gyration of 25 cm. (a) What is its moment of inertia? (b) How large a torque is required to give it an angular acceleration of 3.0 rad/s2?
Determine the constant torque that must be applied to a 50-kg flywheel, with radius of gyration 40 cm, to give it a frequency of 300 rpm in 10 s if it’s initially at rest.
Compute the rotational KE of a 25-kg wheel rotating at 6.0 rev/s if the radius of gyration of the wheel is 22 cm.
A 4.0-kg wheel of 20-cm radius of gyration is rotating at 360 rpm. The retarding frictional torque is 0.12 N · m. Compute the time it will take the wheel to coast to rest.
A cord 3.0 m long is wrapped around the axle of a wheel. The cord is pulled with a constant force of 40 N, and the wheel revolves as a result. When the cord leaves the axle, the wheel is rotating at
A 500-g wheel that has a moment of inertia of 0.015 kg · m2 is initially turning at 30 rev/s. It coasts uniformly to rest after 163 rev. How large is the torque that slowed it?
An electric motor runs at 900 rpm and delivers 2.0 hp. How much torque does it deliver?
When 100 J of work is done on a stationary flywheel (that is otherwise free to rotate in place), its angular speed increases from 60 rev/min to 180 rev/min. What is its moment of inertia?
A 5.0-kg wheel with a radius of gyration of 20 cm is to be given an angular frequency of 10 rev/s in 25 revolutions from rest. Find the constant unbalanced torque required.
A wheel and axle having a total moment of inertia of 0.002 0 kg · m2 is caused to rotate about a horizontal axis by means of an 800- g mass attached to a weightless cord wrapped around the axle. The
A 25-kg wheel has a radius of 40 cm and turns freely on a horizontal axis. The radius of gyration of the wheel is 30 cm. A 1.2-kg mass hangs at the end of a thin cord that is wound around the rim of
The driving side of a belt has a tension of 1600 N, and the slack side has 500-N tension. The belt turns a pulley 40 cm in radius at a rate of 300 rpm. This pulley drives a dynamo having 90 percent
A solid uniform homogeneous disk of radius r is rolling along a flat horizontal surface at a speed υ. Show that its total kinetic energy is given by KE = 3/4mυ2.
A 20-kg solid disk (I = 1/2Mr2) rolls on a horizontal surface at the rate of 4.0 m/s. Compute its total KE.
A tiny solid ball (I = 2Mr2/5) rolls without slipping on the inside surface of a hemisphere as shown in Fig. 10-12. (The ball is much smaller than shown.) If the ball is released at A, how fast is it
Figure 10-13 shows four masses that are held at the corners of a square by a very light frame. What is the moment of inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular (a) Through A and (b) Through
Compute the radius of gyration of a solid disk of diameter 24 cm about an axis through its center of mass and perpendicular to its face.
Rod OA in Fig. 10-14 is a meterstick. It is hinged at O so that it can turn in a vertical plane. It is held horizontally and then released. Compute the angular speed of the rod and the linear speed
Determine the moment of inertia (a) Of a vertical thin hoop of mass 2 kg and radius 9 cm about a horizontal, parallel axis at its rim; (b) Of a solid sphere of mass 2 kg and radius 5 cm about an
Suppose that a satellite goes around the Moon in an elliptical orbit. At its closest approach it has a speed υc and a radius rc from the center of the Moon. At its farthest distance, it has a speed
A large horizontal disk is rotating on a vertical axis through its center. Its moment of inertia is I = 4000 kg · m2. The disk is revolving freely at a rate of 0.150 rev/s when a 90.0-kg person
Suppose a uniform spherical star of mass M and radius R collapses to a uniform sphere of radius 10−5 R. If the original star had a rotation rate of 1 rev each 25 days (as does the Sun), what will
For the motion illustrated in Fig. 11-4, what are the amplitude, period, and frequency? x (cm) 0.75 • VAAAA- 0 0.60 0.80 -0.75 0.40 Fig. 11-4 1.00 t(s)
A 90-kg person stands at the edge of a stationary children’s merrygo- round (essentially a disk) at a distance of 5.0 m from its center. The person starts to walk around the perimeter of the disk
A spring undergoes 12 vibrations in 40 s. Find the period and frequency of the oscillation.
When a 400-g mass is hung at the end of a vertical spring, the spring stretches 35 cm. Determine the elastic constant of the spring. How much farther will it stretch if an additional 400-g mass is
A 200-g mass vibrates horizontally without friction at the end of a horizontal spring for which k = 7.0 N/m. The mass is displaced 5.0 cm from equilibrium and released. Find (a) Its maximum speed
A 50-g mass vibrates in SHM at the end of a spring. The amplitude of the motion is 12 cm, and the period is 1.70 s. Find: (a) The frequency, (b) The spring constant, (c) The maximum speed of the
In Fig. 23-3, S1 and S2 are identical sound sources. They send out their wave crests simultaneously (the sources are in phase). For what values of L1 − L2 will constructive interference obtain and
A string vibrates in five segments at a frequency of 460 Hz. (a) What is its fundamental frequency? (b) What frequency will cause it to vibrate in three segments?
A string fastened at both ends resonates at 420 Hz and 490 Hz with no resonant frequencies in between. Find its fundamental resonant
How much energy is stored in a spring with an elastic constant of 1000 N/m when it is compressed 10 cm?
Four poker chips are red on one side and white on the other. In how many different ways can (a) Only 3 reds come up? (b) Only two reds come up?
Suppose that Fig. 22-1 represents a 50-Hz wave on a string. Take distance y0 to be 3.0 mm, and distance AE to be 40 cm. Find the following for the wave: its (a) Amplitude, (b) Wavelength, and (c)
When 100 coins are tossed, there is one way in which all can come up heads. There are 100 ways in which only one tail comes up. There are about 1 × 1029 ways that 50 heads can come up. One hundred
Measurements show that the wavelength of a sound wave in a certain material is 18.0 cm. The frequency of the wave is 1900 Hz. What is the speed of the sound wave?
A horizontal cord 5.00 m long has a mass of 1.45 g. What must be the tension in the cord if the wavelength of a 120-Hz wave on it is to be 60.0 cm? How large a mass must be hung from its end (say,
Suppose that Fig. 22-2 depicts standing waves on a metal string under a tension of 88.2 N. Its length is 50.0 cm and its mass is 0.500 g.(a) Compute υ for transverse waves on the string. (b)
A uniform flexible cable is 20 m long and has a mass of 5.0 kg. It hangs vertically under its own weight and is vibrated (perpendicularly) from its upper end with a frequency of 7.0 Hz. (a) Find the
A string 2.0 m long is driven by a 240-Hz vibrator at its end. The string resonates in four segments forming a standing wave pattern. What would be the speed of a transverse wave on such a string?
A banjo string 30 cm long oscillates in a standing-wave pattern. It resonates in its fundamental mode at a frequency of 256 Hz. What is the tension in the string if 80 cm of the string have a mass of
A violin string resonates at its fundamental frequency of 196 Hz. Where along the string must you place your finger so its fundamental becomes 440 Hz?
A 60-cm-long bar, clamped at its middle, is vibrated lengthwise by an alternating force at its end. (See Fig. 22-3.) Its fundamental resonance frequency is found to be 3.0 kHz. What is the speed of
Compression waves (sound waves) are sent down an air-filled tube 90 cm long and closed at one end. The tube resonates at several frequencies, the lowest of which is 95 Hz. Find the speed of sound
A rod 200 cm long is clamped 50 cm from one end, as shown in Fig. 22-6. It is set into longitudinal vibration by an electrical driving mechanism at one end. As the frequency of the driver is slowly
(a) Determine the shortest length of pipe closed at one end that will resonate in air when driven by a sound source of frequency 160 Hz. Take the speed of sound in air to be 340 m/s. (b) Repeat the
A wire under tension vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 256 Hz. What would be the fundamental frequency if the wire were half as long, twice as thick, and under one-fourth the tension?
Steel and silver wires of the same diameter and same length are stretched with equal tension. Their densities are 7.80 g/cm3 and 10.6 g/cm3, respectively. What is the fundamental frequency of the
A string has a mass of 3.0 g and a length of 60 cm. What must be the tension so that when vibrating transversely its first overtone has frequency 200 Hz?
An explosion occurs at a distance of 6.00 km from a person. How long after the explosion does the person hear it? Assume the temperature is 14.0 °C.
To find how far away a lightning flash is, a rough rule is the following: “Divide the time in seconds between the flash and the sound, by three. The result equals the distance in km to the
Compute the speed of sound in neon gas at 27.0 °C. For neon, M = 20.18 kg/kmol.
Find the speed of sound in a diatomic ideal gas that has a density of 3.50 kg/m3 and a pressure of 215 kPa.
A metal rod 60 cm long is clamped at its center. It resonates in its fundamental mode when driven by longitudinal waves of 3.00 kHz. What is Young’s modulus for the material of the rod? The density
What is the speed of compression waves (sound waves) in water? The bulk modulus for water is 2.2 × 109 N/m2.
A tuning fork oscillates at 284 Hz in air. Compute the wavelength of the tone emitted at 25 °C.
An organ pipe whose length is held constant resonates at a frequency of 224.0 Hz when the air temperature is 15 °C. What will be its resonant frequency when the air temperature is 24 °C?
An uncomfortably loud sound might have an intensity of 0.54 W/m2. Find the maximum displacement of the molecules of air in a sound wave if its frequency is 800 Hz. Take the density of air to be 1.29
A sound has an intensity of 3.00×10−8 W/m2. What is the sound level in dB?
A noise-level meter reads the sound level in a room to be 85.0 dB. What is the sound intensity in the room?
Two sound waves have intensities of 10μW/cm2 and 500μW/cm2. What is the difference in their intensity levels?
A tiny sound source emits sound uniformly in all directions. The intensity level at a distance of 2.0 m is 100 dB. How much sound power is the source emitting?
Back in the days before computers, a single typist typing furiously could generate an average sound level nearby of 60.0 dB. What would be the decibel level in the vicinity if three equally noisy
An automobile moving at 30.0 m/s is approaching a factory whistle that has a frequency of 500 Hz. (a) If the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, what is the apparent frequency of the whistle as heard
A car moving at 20 m/s with its horn blowing (f = 1200 Hz) is chasing another car going at 15 m/s in the same direction. What is the apparent frequency of the horn as heard by the driver being
A tuning fork having a frequency of 400 Hz (shown in Fig. 23-2) is moved away from an observer and toward a flat wall with a speed of 2.0 m/s. What is the apparent frequency (a) Of the unreflected
When two tuning forks are sounded simultaneously, they produce one beat every 0.30 s.(a) By how much do their frequencies differ? (b) A tiny piece of chewing gum is placed on a prong of one fork.
The two sound sources in Fig. 23-3 vibrate in-phase. A loud sound is heard at P when L1 = L2. As L1 is slowly increased, the weakest sound is heard when L1 − L2 has the values 20.0 cm, 60.0 cm, and
Three seconds after a gun is fired, the person who fired the gun hears an echo. How far away was the surface that reflected the sound of the shot? Use 340 m/s for the speed of sound.
What is the speed of sound in air when the air temperature is 31 °C?
A longitudinal wave with a frequency of 100 Hz has a wavelength of 4.00 m. Determine its speed.
If the speed of sound in air is found to be 343.2 m/s, what is the temperature of that air?
An autofocusing camera sends out a pulse of ultrasound and determines distance from the time of return. Roughly what is the operative speed of sound? How far is the subject from the camera if the
It’s often claimed that for every second of delay between seeing a flash of lightning and hearing the thunder, it means the strike was 1/5 mile away. Is that reasonable? How far does sound travel
A shell fired at a target 800 m away was heard by someone standing near the gun to strike the target 5.0 s after leaving the gun. Compute the average horizontal velocity of the shell. The air
In an experiment to determine the speed of sound, two observers, A and B, were stationed 5.00 km apart. Each was equipped with a gun and a stopwatch. Observer-A heard the report of B’s gun 15.5 s
A disk has 40 holes around its circumference and is rotating at 1200 rpm. Determine the frequency and wavelength of the tone produced by the disk when a jet of air is blown against it. The
The bulk modulus of seawater is 2.1 GPa. Calculate the approximate speed of sound in the ocean.
Use Eq. (23.2) to determine the approximate speed of sound in dry air at S.T.P. or 0 = ย P p (23.2)
Compute the speed of sound in helium gas at 800 °C.
Determine the speed of sound in carbon dioxide (M = 44 kg/kmol, γ = 1.30) at a pressure of 0.50 atm and a temperature of 400 °C.
Compute the molecular mass M of a gas for which γ = 1.40 and in which the speed of sound is 1260 m/s at precisely 0 °C.
At S.T.P., the speed of sound in air is 331 m/s. Determine the speed of sound in hydrogen at S.T.P. if the specific gravity of hydrogen relative to air is 0.069 0 and if γ = 1.40 for both gases.
Helium is a monatomic gas that has a density of 0.179 kg/m3 at a pressure of 76.0 cm of mercury and a temperature of precisely 0 °C. Find the speed of compression waves (sound) in helium at this
A bar of dimensions 1.00 cm2 × 200 cm and mass 2.00 kg is clamped at its center. When vibrating longitudinally, it emits its fundamental tone in unison with a tuning fork making 1000 vibration/s.

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