Problem #5 (a) A computer has separate instruction and data caches. The data cache has a hit rate of 95% and the instruction cache has a hit rate of 98%. Assume that 25% of instructions are loads and stores. If a processor has a CPI of 1.5 without any memory stalls and the miss penalty is 100 cycles for all misses, determine how much faster a processor would run with a perfect cache that never missed. (b) A system has level-1 cache and level-2 cache. The hit rate for level-1 cache is 90% and the hit rate of level-2 cache is 80%. An access to level-1 cache requires one cycle, an access to level-2 cache requires four cycles, and an access to main memory requires 50 cycles. What is the average memory access time?