(a) Calculate the rate at which body heat is conducted through the clothing of a skier in a steady-state process, given the following data: the body surface area is 1.8 m2, and the clothing is 1.0 cm...
A Stirling-Cycle Engine the Stirling cycle is similar to the Otto cycle, except that the compression and expansion of the gas are done at constant tem- perature, not adiabatically as in c the Otto...
Suppose a truck loaded with sand accelerates along a highway. If the driving force on the truck remains constant, what happens to the trucks acceleration if its trailer leaks sand at a constant rate...
Two identical parallel-plate capacitors, each with capacitance C, are charged to potential difference V and connected in parallel. Then the plate separation in one of the capacitors is doubled. (a)...
Two coils, held in fixed positions, have a mutual inductance of 100 H. What is the peak voltage in one when a sinusoidal current given by I (t) = (10.0 A) sin (1 000t) is in the other coil?
One lens of a nearsighted persons eyeglasses has a focal length of -22.0 cm, and the lens is 81.8 cm from the eye. If the person switches to contact lenses that are placed directly on the eye, what...
Displacement Current in a Wire A long, straight, copper wire with a circular cross-sectional area of 2.1 mm2 carries a current of16 A. The resistivity of the material is 2.0 X 10-8 m. (a) What is the...
A roller-coaster car has a mass of 1200 kg when fully loaded with passengers. As the car passes over the top of a circular hill of radius 18 m, its speed is not changing. At the top of the hill, what...
Two streams merge to form a river. One stream has a width of 8.2 m, depth of 3.4m, and current speed of 2.3 m/s. The other stream is 6.8 m wide and 3.2m deep, and flows at 2.6 m/s. If the river has...
A sinusoidal wave traveling in the x direction (to the left) has an amplitude of 20.0 cm, a wavelength of 35.0 cm, and a frequency of 12.0 Hz. The transverse position of an element of the medium at t...
A 25-turn 12.5 cm-diameter coil is placed between the pole pieces of an electromagnet. When the magnet is turned on, the flux through the coil changes, inducing and emf at what rate (in T/s) must the...
Two very long, straight wires carry currents as shown in Fig. For each case, find all locations where the net magnetic field is zero 10.0 A 20.0 A 10.0A 3.0 A 10.0 A 20.0 A (b) (c) (a)
Suppose the electric field in some region is found to be E = kr3r, in spherical coordinates (k is some constant). (a) Find the charge density p. (b) Find the total charge contained in a sphere of...
A disk, initially rotating at 120 rad/s, is slowed down with a constant angular acceleration of magnitude 4.0 rads2. (a) How much time does the disk take to stop? (b) Through what angle does the disk...
Pipe A, which is 1.20 m long and open at both ends, oscillates at its third lowest harmonic frequency, it is filled with air for which the speed of sound is 343 m/s. Pipe B, which is closed at one...
Imagine that a hole is drilled through the center of the Earth to the other side. An object of mass m at a distance r from the center of the Earth is pulled toward the center of the Earth only by the...
A very large flat sheet carries a uniformly distributed electric current with current per unit width Js. Example 30.6 demonstrated that the current creates a magnetic field on both sides of the...
A glass flask whose volume is 1000.00 cm3 at 0.0oC is completely filled with mercury at this temperature.When flask and mercury are warmed to 55.0oC, 8.95 cm3 of mercury overflow. If the coefficient...
An oscillator consists of a block of mass 0.500 kg connected to a spring. When set into oscillation with amplitude 35.0 cm, the oscillator repeats its motion every 0.500 s. Find the (a) Period, (b)...
A sample of gas expands from V1 = 1.0 m3 and P1 = 40 Pa to V2 = 4.0 m3 and P2 = 10 Pa along path B in the p-V diagram in Figure. It is then compressed back to V1 along either path A or path C....
The accommodation limits for Nearsighted Nicks eyes are 18.0 cm and 80.0 cm. When he wears his glasses, he can see faraway objects clearly. At what minimum distance is he able to see objects clearly?
Two stunt drivers drive directly toward each other. At time t = 0 the two cars are a distance D apart, car 1 is at rest, and car 2 is moving to the left with speed Va. Car 1 begins to move at t = 0,...
A small rock moves in water, and the force exerted on it by the water is given by Eq. (5.7). The terminal speed of the rock is measured and found to be 2.0 m/s. The rock is projected upward at an...
Three resistors having resistances of 1.60, 2.40 , and 4.80 are connected in parallel to a 28.0-V battery that has negligible internal resistance. Find (a) The equivalent resistance of the...
A particle is constrained to move (without friction) on a circular wire rotating with constant angular speed w about a vertical diameter. Find the equilibrium position of the particle, and calculate...
Measuring Wavelengths with a CD A laser beam of wavelength = 632.8 nm shines at normal incidence on the reflective side of a compact disc. The tracks of tiny pits in which information is coded onto...
A space vehicle is traveling at 4300 km/h relative to Earth when the exhausted rocket motor (mass 4m) is disengaged and sent backward with a speed of 82 km/h relative to the command module (mass...
A uniform solid disk of mass 3.00 kg and radius 0.200 m rotates about a fixed axis perpendicular to its face. If the angular frequency of rotation is 6.00 rad/s, calculate the angular momentum of the...
It is not possible to see very small objects, such as viruses, using an ordinary light microscope. An electron microscope can view such objects using an electron beam instead of a light beam....
A magnetic field of 0.200 T exists within a solenoid of 500 turns and a diameter of 10.0 cm. How rapidly (that is, within what period of time) must the field be reduced to zero, if the average...
Longitudinal Standing Waves in a Solid Longitudinal standing waves can be produced in a solid rod by holding it at some point between the fingers of one hand and stroking it with the other band. The...
The lowest possible temperature in outer space is 2.7 K. What is the rms speed of hydrogen molecules at this temperature? (The molar mass is given in Table 19-1.)
A sample of ideal gas is expanded to twice its original volume of 1.00 m3 in a quasi-static process for which P =V 2, with = 5.00 atm/m6, as shown in Figure P20.23. How much work is done on the...
How far from a very small 100-kg ball would a particle have to be placed so that the ball pulled on the particle just as hard as the earth does? Is it reasonable that you could actually set up this...
A radioactive nucleus at rest decays into a second nucleus, and electron, and a neutrino. The electron and neutrino are emitted at right angles and have moment a of 9.30 x 10-23 kg m/s and 5.40 x...
L-C Oscillations. A capacitor with capacitance 6.00 X 10-5 F is charged by connecting it to a 12.0-V battery. The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected across an inductor with L =...
Testing a Space Radio Transmitter you are a NASA mission specialist on your first flight aboard the space shuttle. Thanks to your extensive training in physics, you have been assigned to evaluate the...
One molecule of water (H2O) contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. A hydrogen atom has a mass of 1.0 u and an atom of oxygen has a mass of 16 u, approximately. (a) What is the mass in...
Show that the amount of work required to assemble four identical point charges of magnitude Q at the corners of a square of side s is 5.41keQ2/s.
Calculate the percent difference between your weight in Sacramento, near sea level, and at the top of Mount Everest, which is 8800 m above sea level.
The shock-wave cone created by the space shuttle at one instant during its reentry into the atmosphere makes an angle of 58.0 with its direction of motion. The speed of sound at this altitude is 331...
A small fly of mass 0.25 g is caught in a spiders web. The web vibrates predominately with a frequency of 4.0 Hz. (a) What is the value of the effective spring stiffness constant k for the web? (b)...
Three forces act on a particle that moves with unchanging velocity v = (2 m/s)i (7 m/s)i. Two of the forces are F1 = (2 N)i + (3 N)j + ( 2N)k and F2 = ( 5N)i + (8 N)j + ( 2 N)k. What is the third...
Calculate the resistance in an RL circuit in which L = 2.50 H and the current increases to 90.0% of its final value in 3.00 s.
Block A in Fig. 8.35 has mass 1.00 kg, and block B has mass 3.00 kg. The blocks are forced together, compressing a spring S between them; then the system is released from rest on a level,...
The volume of air space in the passenger compartment of an 1800 kg car is 5.00 m3. The volume of the motor and front wheels is 0.750 m3, and the volume of the rear wheels, gas tank, and trunk is...
A golfer tees off from the top of a rise, giving the golf ball an initial velocity of 43 m/s at an angle of 30 above the horizontal. The ball strikes the fairway a horizontal distance of 180 m from...
A piece of aluminum with mass 1.00 kg and density 2 700 kg/m3 is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water (Figure P14.25). Calculate the tension in the string (a)...
A projectile is launched with speed Vo at an angle ao above the horizontal. The launch point is a height h above the ground. (a) Show that if air resistance is ignored, the horizontal distance that...
A 2.9-kg piece of wood slides on the surface shown in Fig. 7.33 The curved sides are perfectly smooth, but the rough horizontal bottom is 30 m long and has a kinetic friction coefficient of 0.20 with...
A square steel plate is 10.0 cm on a side and 0.500 cm thick. (a) Find the sbear strain that results if a force of magnitude 9.0 X 10" N is applied to each of the four sides, parallel to the side....
A force of 48.0N is required to start a 50-kg box moving across a horizontal concrete floor. (a) What is the coefficient of static friction between the box and the floor? (b) If the 48.0-N force...
Will a grandfather clock, accurate at 20oC, run fast or slow on a hot day (30oC)? Explain. The clock uses a pendulum supported on a long, thin brass rod.
A beam of light strikes a sheet of glass at an angle of 57.0o with the normal in air. You observe that red light makes an angle of 38.1 with the normal in the glass, while violet light makes a 36.7...
One round face of a 3.25-m, solid, cylindrical plastic pipe is covered with a thin black coating that completely blocks light. The opposite face is covered with a fluorescent coating that glows when...
(a) Find a quantitative expression for the thermal equilibrium concentration n = n+ = n in the particle-antiparticle reaction A+ + A = 0. The reactants may be electrons and positrons; protons and...
A thin, uniform rod is hinged at its midpoint. To begin with, one-half of the rod is bent upward and is perpendicular to the other half. This bent object is rotating at an angular velocity of 9.0...
Two forces have the same magnitude F. What is the angle between the two vectors if their sum bas a magnitude of (a) 2F? (b) 2F? (c) zero? Sketch the three vectors in each case.
A toroid is a solenoid in the shape of a circle (Fig. 20-62). Use Amperes law along the circular path, shown dashed in fig, 20-62a, to determine that the magnetic field. (a) Inside the toroid is B =...
Assuming that air resistance is unimportant, calculate the minimum velocity a particle must have at the surface of Earth to escape from Earths gravitational field. Obtain a numerical value for the...
The diameter of Mars is 6794 km, and its minimum distance from the ear1h is 5.58 x 107 km. When Mars is at this distance find the diameter of the image of Mars formed by a spherical, concave,...
The position function x(r) of a particle moving along an x axis is x = 4.0 6.0 t 2 , with x in meters and t in seconds. (a) At what time and (b) Where does the particle (momentarily) stop? At what...
A mass less spring hangs from the ceiling with a small object attached to its lower end. The object is initially held at rest in a position yi such that the spring is at its rest length. The object...
A certain electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field E of magnitude 20 N/C. Figure gives the potential energy U of the dipole versus the angle 0 between E and the dipole moment p. The...
A thin rod of length l lies on the + x-axis with its left end at the origin. A string pulls on the rod with a force F directed toward a point P a distance h above the rod. Where along the rod should...
The ideas of average and root-mean-square value can be applied to any distribution. A class of 150 students had the following scores on a 100-point quiz: (a) Find the average score for the class. (b)...
The capacity of a storage battery, such as those used in automobile electrical systems, is rated in ampere-hours (A h). A 50- A h battery can supply a current of 50 A for 1.0 h, or 25 A for 2.0 h,...
The oscillator of a 96.1-MHz FM station has a inductance of 1.8 H. What value must the capacitance be?
Consider a siphon which transfers water from one vessel to a second (lower) one, as in Fig. 10-58. Determine the rate of flow if the tube has a diameter of 1.2cm and the difference in water levels of...
A boy can throw a ball a maximum horizontal distance of R on a level field. How far can he throw the same ball vertically upward? Assume that his muscles give the ball the same speed in each case.
Two organ pipes open at one end but closed at the other, are each 1.14 m long. One is now lengthened by 2.00 cm. Find the frequency of the beat they produce when playing together in their fundamental.
Two rooms, each a cube 4.0m per side, share a 12-cm-thick brick wall. Because of a number of 100-W lightbulbs in one room, the air is at 30oC, while in the other room it is at 10oC. How many of the...
A gas is allowed to expand (a) Adiabatically and (b) Isothermally. In each process, does the entropy increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain.
Construct the energy-level diagram for the He+ ion (See Fig 27-27).
In Figure, light is incident at angle 1 = 40.1? on a boundary between two transparent materials. Some of the light travels down through the next three layers of transparent materials while some of it...
In Figure P10.43 the sliding block has a mass of 0.850 kg, the counterweight has a mass of 0.420 kg, and the pulley is a hollow cylinder with a mass of 0.350 kg, an inner radius of 0.020 0 m, and an...
For the configuration in Ex. 10.1, consider a rectangular box of length l, width w, and height h, situated a distance d above the yz plane (Fig. 10.2). (a) Find the energy in the box at time t1 =...
Calculate the rotational inertia of a meter stick, with mass 0.56 kg, about an axis perpendicular to the stick and located at the 20 cm mark. (Treat the stick as a thin rod.)
Figure shows a thin plastic rod of length L = 13.5 cm and uniform charge 43.6fC. (a) In terms of distance d, find an expression for the electric potential at point Pr. (b) Next, substitute variable x...
A solenoid 2.50 cm in diameter and 30.0 cm long has 300 turns and carries 12.0 A. (a) Calculate the flux through the surface of a disk of radius 5.00 cm that is positioned perpendicular to and...
A 18.0-F capacitor is placed across a 22.5-V battery for several seconds and is then connected across a 12.0-mH inductor that has no appreciable resistance. (a) After the capacitor and inductor are...
In Figure three charged particles lie on an x axis. Particles 1 and 2 are fixed in place. Particle 3 is free to move, but the net electrostatic force on it from particles 1 and 2 happens to be zero....
In Figure, a nonconducting spherical shell of inner radius a = 2.00 cm and outer radius b = 2.40 cm has (within its thickness) a positive volume charge density = A / r, where A is a constant and r...
8.5 moles of an ideal monatomic gas expand adiabatically, performing 8300 J of work in the process. What is the change in temperature of the gas during this expansion?
A wire carrying a current I is bent into the shape of an exponential spiral, r = eθ, from θ = 0 to θ = 2π as suggested in Figure P30.69. To complete a loop, the ends of the...
Singing in the Shower. A pipe closed at both ends can have standing waves inside of it, but you normally don't hear them because little of the sound can get out. But you can hear them if you are...
A potato of mass 0.5 kg moves under Earths gravity with an air resistive force of kmv. (a) Find the terminal velocity if the potato is released from rest and k = 0.01 s1. (b) Find the maximum height...
An object is hung from a spring balance attached to the ceiling of an elevator cab. The balance reads 65 N when the cab is standing still. What is the reading when the cab is moving upward? (a) With...
Estimate the range of the strong force if the mediating particle were the kaon instead of the pion.
A golf ball is launched at an angle of 20 to the horizontal, with a speed of 60 m/s and a rotation rate of 90 rad/s. Neglecting air drag, determine the number of revolutions the ball makes by the...
In the first stage of a two-stage Carnot engine, energy is absorbed as heat Q1 at temperature T1, work W1 is done, and energy is expelled as heat Q2 at a lower temperature T2. The second stage...
An object with mass 3.0 kg is attached to a spring with spring stiffness constant k = 280N/m and is executing simple harmonic motion. When the object is executing simple harmonic motion, it is moving...
In Figure a 1.34kg ball is connected by means of two mass less strings, each of length L = 1.70 m, to a vertical, rotating rod. The strings are tied to the rod with separation d = 1.70 m and are...
Continuation of Problems 2 and 39, another explanation is that the stones move only when the water dumped on the playa during a storm freezes into a large, thin sheet of ice. The stones are trapped...
Argon enters a turbine at a rate of 80.0 kg/min, a temperature of 800C and a pressure of 1.50 MPa. It expands adiabatically as it pushes on the turbine blades and exits at pressure 300 kPa. (a)...
When a liquid is introduced into the air space between the lens and the plate in a Newtons-rings apparatus, the diameter of the tenth ring changes from 1.50 to 1.31 cm, find the index of refraction...
Food Intake of a Hamster. The energy output of an animal engaged in an activity is called the basal metabolic rate (BMR) and is a measure of the conversion of food energy into other forms of energy....
If a projectile is fired due east from a point on the surface of Earth at a northern latitude λ with a velocity of magnitude V0 and at an angle of inclination to the horizontal of a, show that...
An aluminum wire is clamped at each end under zero tension at room temperature. The tension in the wire is increased by reducing the temperature, which results in a decrease in the wires equilibrium...
One conductor of an overhead electric transmission line is a long aluminum wire 2.40 cm in radius. Suppose that at a particular moment it carries charge per length 1.40 C/m and is at potential 345...